NodeMCU: tushen bude IoT

NodeMCU tsari ne don aiwatar da dandamali na IoT (Intanet na Abubuwa), ko Intanet na abubuwa, tushen tushe. Yi amfani da firmware da ke aiki da ESP8266 SoC daga Espressif Systems cewa mun riga mun bincika a cikin wannan rukunin yanar gizon, da kuma kayan aiki bisa ga tsarin ESP-12, tare da haɗin 11 GPIO, ɗayansu analog na 10-bit (1024 ƙimomin dijital mai yiwuwa), kamar yadda zaku iya karantawa a cikin wannan labarin da nake komawa zuwa .

Kalmar NodeMCU yana nufin firmware kuma ba kayan aikin kirki bane, kodayake a kwanan nan ana amfani dashi azaman ma'ana ga dukkanin cikakken dandamali. Hakanan, yakamata ku sani cewa waɗannan matakan sunyi amfani da Lua azaman yare, da farko, amma kamar yadda zaku gani wannan ya samo asali. A zahiri, suna gini a kan aikin eLua da Espressif wanda basa aiki SDK don ESP8266, kuma suna amfani da ayyukan buɗe ido don tsara ɓatattun ɓatattun abubuwa kamar lua-cjson, spiffs, da dai sauransu. Idan baku sani ba, Lua yare ne mai mahimmanci kuma ingantaccen harshe ne wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman harshe mai fassara tare da ma'anar ilimin fassara.

NodeMCU

Ya zama sananne sosai Wannan rukunin ɗayan ɗayan ne waɗanda suke amfani da ESP8266, tunda ana amfani dashi sosai har zuwa ayyukan IoT, don haka gaye a yau. Bayan ƙaddamar da Espressif Systems ESP8266 a cikin 2013, shekara guda daga baya, a watan Oktoba 2014, fayilolin firmware na farko na NodeMCU sun fara ƙaddamarwa zuwa GitHub. Watanni biyu bayan haka, a ƙarshen wannan shekarar, aikin ya fara haɓaka don haɗawa da wani dandamali na kayan masarufi kuma.

Da kadan kadan ya bunkasa kuma ya kara ƙarin dakunan karatu zuwa aikin, kamar su Contiki's MQTT don dandamali ya goyi bayan yarjejeniyar IoT MQTT, ta amfani da Lua don samun dama. Wani babban sabuntawa yana zuwa a cikin 2015, lokacin da Devsaurus ya tura ɗakin karatu na u8glib zuwa NodeMCU, yana ba ku damar sarrafa LCD, OLED da VGA cikin sauƙi. Da kadan kadan duk masu haɓaka asali sun bar aikin a bazarar 2015 kuma suka ba da dama ga masu haɗin gwiwa masu zaman kansu. A cikin 2016, NodeMCU ya riga ya ƙunshi fiye da 40 daban-daban kayayyaki ...

Zai kuma haɗa da ESP8266 Mahimmanci don Arduino IDE, don yin aiki tare da dandamali tare da allon ci gaban Arduino, wanda ya ba masu amfani da masu yawa damar ƙirƙirar ayyukan kansu ta amfani da wannan dandalin.

Pinout

Amma ga Pinout, an riga an tattauna a cikin ɗayan blog ɗin game da ESP8266, amma mafi shahararrun fil sune:

• Fil 0 *: GPIO 16 don karatun GPIO / rubuta kawai.
• Fil 1: GPIO 5
• Fil 2: GPIO 4
• Shafin 3: GPIO 0
• Fil 4: GPIO 2
• Fil 5: GPIO 14
• Fil 6: GPIO 12
• Fil 7: GPIO 13
• Fil 8: GPIO 15
• Fil 9: GPIO 3
• Fil 10: GPIO 1
• Fil 11: GPIO 9
• Fil 12: GPIO 10
• Wasu an ajiye su, ko suna aiki don ƙarfi (GND, Vcc), da sauran sigina.

Akwai wadatar na iya bambanta ya dogara da sigar ko ƙirar, amma waɗancan na al'ada ne.

Sauran fasalolin NodeMCU

El NodeMCU an saka shi kwatankwacin ESP-201, tare da € 7 kimanin. a kan amazon, tare da duk abin da kuke buƙata an haɗa shi a ciki, don haka amfani ba zai iya zama sauƙi ba. Wasu kayayyaki sun wuce € 10, amma sun haɗa da wasu ƙarin abubuwa, kamar su bangarorin LCD, da dai sauransu.

Kuna iya zazzage firmware wannan yake sarrafa shi daga GitHub kyauta kuma ana amfani da harsuna kamar C ++, Python, BASIC, JavaScript, da sauran su kamar Lua kanta. Ka tuna cewa shi buɗaɗɗen tushe ne, sabili da haka, yana ba ka damar koya daga wannan aikin ko gyaggyara shi da yardar kaina idan kana buƙatar ƙara fasali ko canza kowane ma'auni.

Menene kwamitin ci gaba ya ƙunsa?

La Hukumar ci gaban NodeMCU galibi ana haɗa ta cikin kayan Yana da tashar microUSB don shiryawa da kuma ba shi iko, da kuma Serial-USB mai sauyawa, tashoshin da na ambata a ɓangaren ɓarna, LEDs da maɓallin sake saiti waɗanda aka haɗa akan jirgin. Tabbas, ta hanyar haɗa ESP8266 SoC don haɗin WiFi, an buga eriyar maciji akan PCB.

Koyaya, samun daban-daban masana'antun, iri da kuma model, kowane ɗayansu yana da nasa falsafar kuma yana iya haɗawa da nasa ƙarin ko kuma yana da ƙa'idodi daban-daban dangane da manufar da aka tsara farantin. Misali, kamar yadda zaku gani nan gaba, kuna iya musanya guntu na ESP12 don ESP12E a wasu samfuran, ko kuma CH340G maimakon CP2102 don canza serial, da sauransu.

Yawancin lokaci babban NodeMCU masana'antun hukumar su ne Amica, FBlue, Lolin / Wemos, DOIT / SmartArduino, AZ-Delivery, da sauransu. Baya ga masu samarwa daban-daban, zaku sami nau'ikan da yawa:

• Zamani na 1: The devkit v0.9 shine asalin sigar NodeMCU tare da ESP12 tare da walƙiyar 4MB akan ESP8266, amma tare da filo na GPIO ƙasa da na ESP12E waɗanda ƙirar yanzu ke dogara dasu. Yanzu ya tsufa kuma ba za ku iya saya ba.
• Zamani na 2: sigar v1.0 / v2.0 ne, wanda Amica, wani kamfanin Jamus Gerwin Janssen ya kirkira don inganta v0.9 da ta gabata. Sun so shi sosai har ya zama sigar aikin NodeMCU. An fara amfani da ESP12E kuma tare da ƙarin layi na fil don haɗin haɗi. Sauran masana'antun sun ƙare yin kwafin wannan sigar kuma, ta amfani da wannan samfurin na kayan buɗewa azaman tushe.
• Zamani na 3- v1.0 / v3 Lolin / Wemos ne suka tsara shi lokacin da suka yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar ingantaccen samfuri tare da wasu ƙananan canje-canje. Babban canji shine a ɗora mai canza CH340G a maimakon CP2102, yana mai da tashar USB ƙara ƙarfi. A halin yanzu shine mafi kyawun samfurin.

A halin yanzu, waɗannan sune ci gaba mafi mahimmanci cewa ya kamata ka sani, kodayake wasu sun riga sun tsufa.

Me za a yi tare da NodeMCU?

Abin da zaku iya yi tare da kwamitin NodeMCU akan IoT na iya bambanta ƙwarai, kuma iyakar shine tunanin ku. Amma anan zaka tafi wasu dabaru samfurin cewa zaku iya aiwatar da godiya ga ayyuka don sarrafawa daga Intanet, sadarwa, da sauransu.

• Irƙiri naka Tashar Yanayi tare da zafi, firikwensin zafin jiki, da sauransu, da kuma iya karɓar sakamakon auna daga kowane wuri tare da haɗin Intanet. Tabbas zaku iya amfani da kowane nau'in na'urori masu auna sigina ko abubuwa don ƙirƙirar irin waɗannan ayyukan.
• Haɗin aiki da kai, haifar da wani aiki da motsawa ta haifar, kamar su sarrafa fitilun LED, sauya zance, kunna kowane irin mai aiki, da dai sauransu.
• Ƙirƙirar NTP uwar garke, da sauran nau'ikan sabis don na'urorin da aka haɗa.
• Tsarin matsayi don tsaran gidaje ko gine-gine ta amfani da GPS.
• Kayan wasa na kowane nau'i, aikin gida na gida, da dai sauransu

Informationarin bayani - Koyarwar Arduino

Yanzu kun san mafi mahimmancin halaye na allon NodeMCU da zaka iya fara amfani a cikin ayyukan IoT na gaba tare da allon ku na Arduino da makamantansu ...