RGB LED: duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da wannan ɓangaren

Akwai nau'ikan dicodic semiconductor da yawa a kasuwa, kuma a cikin su akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan kamarsu nau'in LED (Light-Emitting Diode). Waɗannan nau'ikan na iya ba da haske, amma duk ba su da kama. Masana'antu suna wasa da abubuwa daban-daban na kayan aikin semiconductor don su fitar da fitilu launuka daban-daban. Bugu da kari, akwai RGB LED, wanda ke amfani da nau'ikan haɗin LED daban-daban don samun damar fitar da haske a launuka daban-daban.

Sabili da haka, idan kuna son ƙirƙirar wani aiki a ciki launi daya LED bai isa baTare da RGB LEDs zaka iya cimma tasirin haske mai launuka da yawa. Kuma basu da banbanci da LEDs na al'ada, don haka zaku iya haɗa su tare da kwamitin Arduino ko a cikin wasu ayyukan lantarki ta hanya mai sauƙi.

RGB

RGB (Red Green Shuɗi) suna wakiltar launuka ja, kore da shuɗi. Haɗin launuka ne wanda kuka taɓa ji a lokuta da yawa a duniyar lantarki. Kari kan haka, ya kamata ka sani cewa da wadancan launuka guda uku ne kawai za a iya kirkirar wasu launuka, tunda su ne na farko. Abin da ya sa keɓaɓɓun ginshiƙan bugawa da tanner suke cyan, magenta da rawaya (CMYK), kuma ta haɗuwa tare da baƙar fata, ana iya samun sautunan launuka da launuka daban-daban.

A cikin hali na LED haske wani abu makamancin haka yana faruwa, kasancewa iya amfani da fitilu daban-daban daga waɗancan launuka uku na farko don cimma wasu haɗuwa da yawa waɗanda suka wuce launi ɗaya na LEDs na gargajiya. A zahiri, da yawa iri fuska kuma na'urorin lantarki suna amfani da wannan haɗin don nuna hotuna.

RGB LED

El RGB LED Nau'in LED ne na musamman wanda ya kunshi abubuwa masu sauƙi masu sauƙi kamar waɗanda aka samo a cikin wasu LEDs masu launi iri ɗaya. Ta wannan hanyar, za su iya fitarwa a cikin waɗannan launuka na farko, don haka suna haifar da kowane irin tasiri da launuka daban-daban (har ma da farin haɗuwa da ja, kore da shuɗi a lokaci guda) kawai ta hanyar sarrafa ɗayan biyun waɗannan abubuwan.

da 3 LEDs cike a cikin encapsulation guda ɗaya yana iya samar da dukkanin launuka daban-daban. Yana da ɗan haske daban-daban ga LEDs na al'ada, tunda sun haɗa da fil 3, ɗaya don kowane launi (cathodes ko +) da wani ƙarin na kowa ga duka, anode (-). In ba haka ba ba shi da asiri sosai ...

Semiconductor launuka da kayan aiki

Abin da ke da ban sha'awa da kuka sani shine godiya ga nau'in semiconductor launuka daban-daban za a iya cimma. Wannan shine abin da ya bambanta ja LEDs daga kore, rawaya, shuɗi, da sauran tabarau. Masu bincike suna ta haɗa abubuwa daban-daban don cimma dukkan launukan da ke wanzu a kasuwa. Misali:

• IRInfrared LEDs suna amfani da GaAs ko AlGaAs azaman kayan fitarwa a wannan tsayin na IR.
• Rojo: AlGaAs, GaAsP, AlGaInP da GaP ana amfani dasu a cikin LEDs masu haske.
• Orange: kayan aikin semiconductor kamar GaAsP, AlGaInP, GaP ana amfani dasu tare da wasu bambancin.
• Amarillo: yana iya zama abun haɗuwa kama da na baya, kamar GaAsP, AlGaInP da GaP don fitarwa a cikin zango na keɓaɓɓiyar wutar lantarki mai dacewa da rawaya.
• Verde: don fitarwa a wannan tsayin, ana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman kamar GaP, AlGaInP, AlGaP, InGaN / GaN.
• Azul: a cikin wannan yanayin, ana amfani da semiconductors da dopant dangane da abubuwa kamar ZnSe, InGaN, SiC, da sauransu.
• Violet: an ƙirƙira daga InGaN.
• M: Ana amfani da LED biyu masu shuɗi da ja don cimma wannan launi. Har ila yau ana amfani da filastik na wannan launi tare da farin LED na ciki don bayar da wannan sakamako.
• Rosa: babu wani abu don wannan launi, abin da aka yi shine hada ledoji biyu masu launi daban-daban don cimma wannan launi, kamar ja da rawaya, da dai sauransu.
• White: shine wanda ya haifar da fitilun LED na yanzu, tare da fararen fari ko launuka farare masu ɗumi. Saboda wannan, ana amfani da LED ko shuɗi na UV tare da foshor mai launin rawaya don fari mai tsabta, ko orange mai fure don farin fari.
• UV: za a iya samun bakan ultraviolet tare da abubuwa daban-daban kamar InGaN, Diamante, BN, AlN, AlGaN, AlGaInN.

Haɗuwa tare da Arduino

Idan kana so yi amfani da RGB LED tare da Arduino, zaku iya farawa ta ƙirƙirar makircin hoto na baya. Abu ne mai sauqi, ya kamata kawai kayi amfani da RGB LED da resistor na anode kamar yadda akeyi da ledojin, sannan ka hada shi da fil din dijital da kake so akan allon Arduino naka. Haɗin ya kamata ya kasance kamar haka:

• Dogon fil: mafi tsayi mafi tsayi na RGB LED dole ne a haɗa shi da GND fil na Arduino, tunda shi ne wanda aka yiwa alama kamar -, kuma shi ne anode gama gari. Anan ne za a haɗa mahaɗan 330 ohm resistor tsakanin fil ɗin diode da jirgin Arduino.
• Rojo: shine fil daya a daya bangaren na dogon fil. Kuna iya haɗa wannan da kowane fil ɗin da kuke so.
• Verde: shine wanda yake kusa da na dogon, amma a gefen kishiyar mai ja. Hakanan zaka iya haɗa shi da kowane nau'in dijital na Arduino.
• Azul: shine wanda yake kusa da koren, a gefen ƙarshen ja. Yi haka tare da shi don samun ikon sarrafa shi daga fitowar Arduino.

Bayan wannan haɗin haɗin, zaku iya farawa tare da shirye-shiryen zane-zane tare da la'akari da fil ɗin da kuka haɗa kowane fil. Kunnawa IDAN Arduino zaka iya ƙirƙirar ƙaramar lambar tushe cewa zaku iya lodawa zuwa hukumar Arduino don fara gwada yadda RGB LED ke aiki:

void setup()
   {
       for (int i =9 ; i<12 ; i++)
            pinMode(i, OUTPUT);
   }

void Color(int R, int G, int B)
    {     
        analogWrite(9 , R);   // Rojo
        analogWrite(10, G);   // Verde
        analogWrite(11, B);   // Azul
    }

void loop()
   {    Color(255 ,0 ,0);
        delay(1000); 
        Color(0,255 ,0);
        delay(1000);
        Color(0 ,0 ,255);
        delay(1000);
        Color(0,0,0);
        delay(1000);
   }

Tare da wannan lambar mai sauki zaka ga ya fara zama ja, sannan ya zama kore, sannan shuɗi, sannan ya kashe sannan madauki zai sake farawa. Kowane haske ya kasance na dakika 1 (1000ms). Kuna iya canza tsari, lokuta, da ƙimomin da ke cikin iyaye samun karin launuka ta hanyar hadawa. Misali:

• Valueimar farko ta dace da ja kuma zaka iya bambanta daga 0 zuwa 255, tare da 0 ba ja kuma 255 shine matsakaici.
• Valueimar ta biyu ta dace da kore, tare da ƙimomi daga 0-255 daidai da na baya.
• Na uku shine don shuɗi, ditto don waɗanda suka gabata.

Don taimaka maka samun wasu takamaiman launuka, zaka iya amfani da wannan gidan yanar gizon. A ciki wani aiki ya bayyana wanda zaka zaɓi zangon launi da kake so ta matsar da siginan launuka zuwa inda kake buƙata. Duba dabi'un R, G da BIdan kayi kwatankwacinsu a cikin shirinku na Arduino IDE, zaku iya ƙirƙirar kalar da kuke so kamar yadda kuke yi akan wannan gidan yanar gizon ko a cikin shirye-shirye kamar Paint, Pinta, GIMP, da sauransu. Misali, don samun koren mai ɗaukar ido, zaka iya amfani da ƙimomin 100,229,25.

para ƙarin bayani Game da amfani da Arduino IDE ko shirye-shirye, zaku iya zazzage mana kwas na PDF kyauta...