Schottky diode: abin da yake da shi da kuma abin da yake na musamman game da shi

El schottky diode wani daga cikin Kayan lantarki mafi ban sha'awa ga ayyukan lantarki. Wani nau'in diode na musamman wanda ke da wasu abubuwan da suka sa ya zama na musamman da amfani ga wasu aikace-aikace. Idan aka ba shi babban saurin sauyawa, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin TTL dabaru ICs.

A cikin wannan jagorar zaku san menene Schottky diode, wanda ya ƙirƙira shi, kaddarorinsa, aikace-aikace, inda za ku iya saya, da dai sauransu.

Menene diode?

Un semiconductor diode Abu ne na lantarki da tashoshi 2 wanda ke ba da damar zazzagewar wutar lantarki ta hanyarsa, amma ta hanya ɗaya kawai, yana toshe hanyar zuwa akasin haka. Waɗannan kaddarorin suna sa su da amfani sosai ga aikace-aikace daban-daban, kamar kayan wuta. Hakanan ana iya amfani dashi don sarrafawa.

Akwai daban-daban na diodes, kamar:

• Avalanche diode ko TVS, wanda ke gudanar da kishiyar shugabanci lokacin da wutar lantarki ta baya ta wuce ƙarfin rushewar.
• LED diode, iya fitar da haske na launuka daban-daban dangane da abun da ke ciki. Wannan yana faruwa lokacin da masu ɗaukar kaya suka wuce mahaɗin kuma suna fitar da hotuna.
• Ramin sakamako diode ko Esaki, wanda ke ba da damar haɓaka sigina da aiki cikin sauri mai girma. Ana iya amfani da su a cikin mahallin da ke da ƙananan yanayin zafi, manyan filayen maganadisu, da kuma babban radiation saboda babban cajin taro.
• Gunn diode, kama da na rami kuma wanda ke haifar da mummunan juriya.
• Laser diode, kama da LED, amma yana iya fitar da katako na laser.
• thermal diode, na iya aiki azaman firikwensin zafin jiki, tunda ya dogara da shi, ƙarfin lantarki ya bambanta.
• Photodiodes, haɗe zuwa masu ɗaukar kaya na gani, wato, kula da haske. Hakanan ana iya amfani da su azaman firikwensin haske.
• PIN diode, yana kama da haɗin kai na al'ada, amma tare da sashin tsakiya ba tare da dopant ba. Wato, wani Layer na ciki tsakanin P da N. Ana amfani da su azaman manyan juzu'i, attenuators, ko ionizing radiation detectors.
• Schottky diode, wannan diode shine wanda ke sha'awar wannan labarin, diode ne mai lamba karfe wanda yana da ƙananan ƙarancin wutar lantarki fiye da PN.
• stabistor ko diode tunani na gaba, mai ikon kasancewa matuƙar tsayayye a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba.
• varicap, mai canzawa capacitance diode.

Menene Schottky diode?

El An ba wa Schottky diode sunan masanin kimiyyar lissafi dan kasar Jamus Walter Hermann Schottky., tun da yake haifar da shinge na Schottky (karfe-semiconductor ko MS junction) maimakon yin amfani da haɗin gwiwar semiconductor na al'ada. Don haka, a wasu wuraren za ku same shi a ƙarƙashin sunan Schottky barrier diode ko surface barrier diode.

Godiya ga wannan ƙungiyar, wannan diode yana da Ƙarƙashin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba fiye da PN diode, kuma ana iya amfani dashi a mitar rediyo (RF) da aikace-aikacen musanyawa mai sauri. Har ila yau, wani bambanci tare da siliki PN junction diode shi ne cewa yana da irin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na 0.6 zuwa 0.75V, yayin da Schottky ya kasance 0.15 zuwa 0.45V. Wannan ƙananan buƙatar ƙarfin lantarki shine abin da ke sa su canza sauri.

Komawa ga taken kungiyar MS, karfe yawanci tungsten, chromium, platinum, molybdenum, wasu silicides (sosai na kowa saboda suna da arha, da yawa da kuma da kyau conductivity), ko kuma zinariya, yayin da semiconductor yawanci N-type doped silicon, ko da yake akwai kuma wasu. mahadi semiconductors. Ƙarfe gefen shine anode, yayin da gefen semiconductor yayi daidai da cathode.

Schottky diode rashin ragewa Layer, kuma an rarraba shi azaman na'urar semiconductor unipolar, maimakon bipolar kamar PNs. Har ila yau, na yanzu zai kasance sakamakon mafi yawan diode (electrons) da ke zazzagewa ta diode, kuma da yake babu P-zone, babu tsirarun masu ɗaukar hoto (ramuka), kuma idan aka bi da bias, diode conduction zai tsaya kusan nan take. srottling kwarara na halin yanzu.

Schottky diode aiki

Amma ga Schottky diode aiki, na iya yin aiki ta hanyoyi da yawa dangane da polarization:

• ba polarized: Ba tare da son zuciya ba, haɗin MS (kasancewar nau'in semiconductor na nau'in N), electrons band conduction ko electrons kyauta suna motsawa daga semiconductor zuwa karfe don kafa yanayin daidaito. Kamar yadda ka sani, idan tsaka-tsaki atom ya sami electron ya zama mummunan ion, kuma idan ya rasa shi ya zama ion mai kyau. Wannan zai sa atom ɗin ƙarfe su zama ions mara kyau kuma waɗanda ke gefen semiconductor zuwa tabbatacce, suna aiki azaman yankuna masu lalacewa. Tunda karfen yana da electrons masu kyauta da yawa, fadin da electrons ke tafiya ta cikinsa ba shi da kyau idan aka kwatanta da fadin da ke cikin yankin N-type. Wutar lantarki zai zama shingen da electrons ke cin karo da su a cikin rukunin gudanarwa na semiconductor lokacin ƙoƙarin wucewa zuwa gefen ƙarfe (ƙananan adadin electrons ne kawai ke gudana daga S zuwa M). Domin shawo kan wannan katanga, na'urorin lantarki masu kyauta suna buƙatar makamashi mafi girma fiye da ginanniyar wutar lantarki ko kuma babu halin yanzu.
• Polarization kai tsaye: Lokacin da aka haɗa madaidaicin madaidaicin tushen wutar lantarki zuwa tashar ƙarfe (anode) da ƙarancin ƙarancin zuwa nau'in semiconductor na nau'in N (cathode), Schottky diode yana gaba da son rai. Wannan yana haifar da adadi mai yawa na electrons kyauta a cikin M da S, amma ba za su iya hayewa ba sai dai in ƙarfin lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi ya wuce 0.2v, don shawo kan wannan shingen (haɗin wutar lantarki). Wato halin yanzu yana gudana.
• Juyawar polarization: A wannan yanayin, za a haɗa mummunan tashar wutar lantarki zuwa gefen karfe (anode), da kuma tabbatacce ga nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in N (cathode). A wannan yanayin, nisa na yanki na raguwa yana ƙaruwa kuma an yanke magudanar ruwa. Ba duk halin yanzu ba ya yanke ko da yake, saboda akwai ɗan ƙaramin ɗigon ruwa a halin yanzu saboda zafin kuzarin lantarki a cikin ƙarfe. Idan aka ƙara ƙarfin juzu'i na bias, wutar lantarki za ta ƙaru a hankali saboda raunin shingen. Kuma idan ya kai wani ƙima, kwatsam karuwa a cikin wutar lantarki yana faruwa, yana karya yankin lalacewa kuma yana lalata Schottky diode har abada.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani na Schottky diode

Kamar yadda aka saba tare da kowace na'ura ko tsarin, koyaushe kuna da amfaninsa da rashin amfaninsa. A cikin yanayin Schottky diode sune:

Amfanin Schottky Diode

• Low junction capacitance: A cikin PN diode an kafa yankin lalacewa ta hanyar cajin da aka adana kuma akwai ƙarfin aiki. A cikin Schottky diode waɗannan tuhumar ba su da komai.
• Lokacin dawowa da sauri: shine lokacin da diode ke ɗauka don tafiya daga ON (conductive) zuwa KASHE (non-conductive), wato, saurin sauyawa. Wannan yana da alaƙa da abin da ke sama, tun da yake don wucewa daga wannan jiha zuwa waccan, dole ne a sauke cajin da aka adana a yankin da aka rage ko kuma a cire su, saboda suna da ƙananan a cikin Schottky, zai wuce daga wannan mataki zuwa wani da sauri. .
• babban halin yanzu yawa: wani sakamakon abin da ke sama shi ne cewa ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki ya isa ya samar da babban ƙarfin wutan lantarki saboda yankin raguwa ya kusan ba shi da kyau.
• Ƙarƙashin wutar lantarki na gaba ko ƙarancin wutan wuta: Yana da ƙasa idan aka kwatanta da na kowa PN junction diode, yawanci 0.2v zuwa 0.3v, yayin da PNs yawanci a kusa da 0.6 ko 0.7v. Wato ana buƙatar ƙarancin wutar lantarki don samar da kwararar halin yanzu.
• Babban inganci: dangane da abin da ke sama, kuma wannan kuma yana nuna ƙarancin watsawar zafi a cikin manyan da'irar wutar lantarki.
• Ya dace da manyan mitoci: Kasancewa da sauri, suna iya aiki da kyau a aikace-aikacen RF.
• Ƙananan hayaniya: Schottky diode yana samar da ƙaramar ƙarar da ba a so fiye da diodes na al'ada.

Rashin Amfanin Schottky Diode

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran diodes na bipolar, Schottky diode yana da lahani guda ɗaya kawai:

• Babban juye juye halin yanzu: yana samar da juyi jikewa na halin yanzu mafi girma fiye da PN.

Bambance-bambance tare da diode junction PN

Don ƙarin bayani kan abin da diode Schottky zai iya ba da gudummawa ga aikin ku, zaku iya ganin jadawali na baya tare da lanƙwasa na PN silicon da GaAs diodes, da nau'in Schottky na waɗancan semiconductor iri ɗaya. Bambancin Mafi shahara sune:

Aikace-aikace masu yiwuwa na Schottky diode

Schottky diodes sun zama ruwan dare a cikin samfuran lantarki da yawa. Kaddarorinsu na musamman da fa'idodin akan sauran diodes suna nufin suna da aikace-aikace daban-daban kamar yadda:

• Don hanyoyin RF.
• a matsayin masu gyara wutar lantarki.
• Don samar da wutar lantarki iri-iri.
• A cikin na'urori masu amfani da hasken rana don kare su daga juyar da cajin batura waɗanda galibi ana haɗa su.
• Kuma yafi ...

Kuma saboda wannan, ana iya gabatar da su duka biyu da kansu, kamar yadda saka a cikin ICs.

inda zan sayi wadannan diodes

Idan kuna buƙatar Schottky diodes don ayyukanku ko don fara gwaji tare da su kuma ku fahimce su da kyau, zaku iya samun su a shagunan kayan lantarki na musamman, da kuma akan Amazon. Anan kuna da wasu shawarwari:

• Takaitacce tare da diodes 300 na nau'ikan daban-daban: masu gyara da Schottky.
• 20 Schottky diodes 15SQ045
• 20 Schottky diodes 1N5817