A cikin wannan sakon, za mu bincika pinout, aiki, da tsarin haɗin kai na ULN 2003, da kuma misali aikace-aikace, ban da aikinsa a matsayin mai sarrafa relay. Ta wannan hanyar za mu ƙara wani sabon bangaren zuwa ga dogon jerin mu na na'urorin gabatar.
Me kuke buƙatar ULN2003?
Ƙungiyar sarrafawa guda ɗaya tana da saitin ayyukan sarrafawa waɗanda ke sarrafa matakan ƙarfin lantarki a abubuwan shigarsu da abubuwan da suke fitarwa, da kuma masu ƙidayar lokaci, PWM, katsewa, da hanyoyin sauyawa. Waɗannan ayyuka na sarrafawa suna ba mu damar samar da ayyuka da yawa ba tare da tsoma baki tare da duk kewayen mai sarrafawa ba. Don samar da ayyuka da yawa, an yi amfani da mai sarrafawa da mai sarrafawa mai sauƙi. Matsalar ita ce rage da'irar babban ƙarfin lantarki kai tsaye kayan aiki.
da mota dc An yi amfani da babban ƙarfin lantarki sosai saboda ƙarfin ƙarfinsa. Matsalar ita ce yadda ake sarrafawa da rage girman da'irar kayan aikin DC mai ƙarfi. Don sarrafa babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki na DC har zuwa 50 V da 500 mA, an yi amfani da da'irar dabaru tare da transistor Darlington (NPN). Wannan kewayawa tana da ikon sarrafa kaya ɗaya kawai. Don magance wannan matsalar, an gabatar da ULN2003 ICs.
Menene ULN2003?
Wannan IC yana da zaɓi na aikace-aikace masu yawa. Yana iya sarrafa lodi har bakwai lokaci guda ta amfani da transistor guda bakwai na Darlington. Ana samun ULN2003 a cikin nau'ikan fakiti daban-daban kamar SOP, PDIP, TSSOP, da SOIC. ULN2003 ya ƙunshi fil ɗin fitarwa guda bakwai waɗanda za a iya amfani da su ba tare da shigar da fil ɗin don ƙirƙirar da'irar transistor ba. IC ɗin ya dace da kowace da'ira ba tare da ɗaukar sarari da yawa ba.
Tunda wutar lantarki mai fitarwa ta kasance mai zaman kanta daga ƙarfin shigarwar, ana iya amfani dashi a kowace da'ira kamar microcontroller ko microprocessor. Matsakaicin wutar lantarki don lodi shine 50V, amma kewayon yanzu shine 500mA. Ana iya tsawaita wannan kewayon idan an yi amfani da fitilun fitarwa da yawa. An kiyaye ULN2003 daga mitoci kuma yana da tsarin kariya na ciki a kan koma baya don kare na'urar.
Bayanan Bayani na ULN2003
Game da mafi fice fasali na ULN2003 sune:
- Yana iya ɗaukar ƙarfin lantarki har zuwa 50V (akwai nau'ikan da za su iya jurewa har zuwa 100V).
- A halin yanzu da za a iya sarrafa shi ne har zuwa 500mA ga kowane shigarwar.
- Ya haɗa da diode tafawa na ciki don kare na'urar.
- Hakanan yana da tsarin kariya na bayan gida na ciki kuma ana iya amfani da fil ɗaya don cajin inductive.
- Ana iya haɗa shi daidai tare da microcontrollers da allunan nau'in Arduino.
- Ya dace da dabaru na TTL da 5v CMOS.
- Guntuwar ULN2003 na iya zuwa cikin fakiti daban-daban kamar SOP, TSSOP, PDIP, da sauransu.
- Gabaɗaya, akan kasuwa yana zuwa tare da wasu ƙarin abubuwan da aka ɗora akan ƙirar don sauƙaƙe haɗi.
Pinout
Guntun DIP na ULN2003 ya ƙunshi 16 pines. Waɗannan su ne jerin abubuwan shigarwa da abubuwan da na yi dalla-dalla a nan:
- Input 1: Ana amfani da wannan fil don sarrafa abin da ya dace (fitarwa 1). Idan yana da girma (5v) to za a sami fitarwa, in ba haka ba ba za a samu ba.
- Shigarwar 2: Daidai da na sama, amma yana rinjayar fitarwa 2.
- Input 3: iri ɗaya, a wannan yanayin don fitarwa 3.
- Shigarwa 4: iri ɗaya, don fitarwa 4.
- Input 5: ditto, a wannan yanayin don fitarwa 5.
- Input 6: kamar yadda yake sama, amma don fitarwa 6.
- Input 8: iri ɗaya ne amma ana amfani da shi zuwa fitarwa 7.
- GND: Ana amfani da wannan fil lamba 8 don ƙasa kuma za a haɗa shi da wutar lantarki.
- COM: Wannan fil na iya yin ayyuka da yawa. Gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi azaman fil ɗin gwaji don kunna duk abubuwan da aka fitar. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da shi azaman kayan haɓakawa.
- Fitowa 7: shine fitarwar da aka sarrafa ta hanyar shigarwa 7 kuma ana iya haɗa kowane nauyin 50V da 500mA.
- Fito na 6: Daidai da na sama, amma abin shigar 6 ya shafa.
- Fitowa 5: iri ɗaya, amma wanda yayi daidai da shigarwar 5.
- Fitowa ta 4: daidai yake da na sama, amma ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar shigarwa 4.
- Fitowa na 3: daidai yake, amma shine wanda yayi daidai da shigarwar 3.
- Fitowa 2: kamar yadda yake sama, amma yayi daidai da shigarwar 2.
- Fitowa 1: sarrafawa ta hanyar shigarwa 1, amma tare da halaye iri ɗaya da waɗanda suka gabata.
Kamar yadda kake gani, abubuwan da aka shigar da su suna juyawa cikin tsari, don haka a kula da wannan. Don ƙarin bayani, kuna iya saukewa da takaddun bayanan masana'anta wanda kuka sayi guntu ko ULN2003.
Aplicaciones
Wasu daga mafi fice aikace-aikace na wannan guntu na iya zama:
- Mai sarrafa har zuwa 7 relays ko stepper Motors.
- Sarrafa lodin induction.
- Sarrafa babban nauyin fitilun LED.
- A yi amfani da shi azaman madaidaicin ma'auni a yawancin da'irorin lantarki na dijital.
- da dai sauransu.
Yadda ake amfani da ULN2003
Inda zan siya
Idan kana bukata siyan ɗayan waɗannan ULN2003, kuna da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa, ko dai ku saya a cikin ƙirar ko siyan guntu shi kaɗai. Suna kuma sayar kits tare da motoci da masu haɗawa da ake buƙata don farawa. Zabi naka ne. A kowane hali, suna da arha sosai. Ga wasu shawarwari:
