Ceramic capacitor: chii uye zvakanakira

Mubhuku rino takambotaura pamusoro pezvimwe Zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa, kusanganisira electrolytic capacitorsuye vangatariswa sei. Zvino ndiko kutendeuka kweceramic capacitor, imwe mhando yezvishandiso izvi zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaseketi mazhinji emarudzi ese, uye zvine zvimwe zvichienzaniswa nema electrolytic capacitors.

Negwaro iri uchanzwisisa Ndezvipi izvozvo, mavakirwo avakaitwa, zvikumbiro zvinobvira, mashandisiro avanoita, pamwe nemimwe mienzaniso yekushandisa uye kwaungazvitenga.

Chii chinonzi capacitor?

Un condenser Icho chigadziro chemagetsi chinokwanisa kuchengetedza chigadziro chemagetsi nenzira yemusiyano unogona kuitika. Icho chinhu chinongoitika, senge resistors, potentiometers, coils, nezvimwe. Kana iri nzira yekuwana iyi simba rekuchengetedza, vanozviita nekuchengetedza munda wemagetsi.

Macapacitor ane akawanda mashandisiro, uye anogona kushandiswa ese mumagetsi maseketi uye mumaseketi emagetsi, ese ari mukati yakananga ikozvino uye alternating ikozvino.

ceramic capacitor

Un ceramic capacitor Iyo inowanzo ine yakasarudzika chimiro, iyo dzimwe nguva inoita senge lentil, kunyangwe ichigona zvakare kuisirwa seyepamusoro mount zvinhu (SMD), seMLCC (yakanyanya fashoni ikozvino nekuda kwematambudziko eNVIDIA makadhi emifananidzo). Muchiitiko ichi, musiyano nemamwe marudzi e-capacitors ndeyekuti dielectric material inoshandiswa ndeye ceramic, saka zita rayo.

Ivo vanowanzo shandisa akati wandei akaturikidzana, ane kugona kwakasiyana (dzinowanzo kubva 1nF kusvika 1F, kunyange paine zvimwe kusvika 100F), saizi uye geometric maumbirwo. Nekudaro, nekuda kwemhedzisiro yakaipa senge eddy currents.

Ceramic (kuruboshwe) uye electrolytic (kurudyi) capacitor

Imwe yemisiyano ne electrolytics ndeyekuti ceramic capacitor Havana polarity saka, vanogona kushandiswa chero nzira, uye zvakachengeteka ari alternating ano matunhu, chinhu hachiitike pamwe electrolytics, iyo ine inotsanangurwa polarity uye matanda anofanira kuremekedzwa kana musingadi kuguma ne kuputika capacitor.

Kune rimwe divi, ceramic capacitor zvakare ine inonakidza frequency mhinduro. Ivo zvakare vanomira kunze kwekunaka kwavo kupisa kwekudzivirira nekuda kwezvinhu zvavo, uye mutengo wakaderera.

Nhoroondo ye ceramic capacitor

ceramic condenser yakagadzirwa muItaly, muna 1900. Pakupera kwema1930, titanate yakatanga kuwedzerwa kune ceramics (BaTiO3 kana barium titanate), iyo inogona kugadzirwa nemutengo wakaderera. Mashandisirwo ekutanga emidziyo iyi aive mune zvechiuto zvemagetsi midziyo munguva ye40. Makumi maviri gare gare, ceramic laminated capacitors yaizotanga kutengeswa, izvo zvaive zvakakosha pakuvandudzwa kwemagetsi muma70s.

Mhando dzeceramic capacitors

Kune dzakawanda mhando dzeceramic capacitor, zvimwe zvezvinonyanya kukosha ndezvi:

• semiconductors: ivo ndivo vaduku, sezvo vachiwana hutano hwakanaka, nehukuru hukuru uye hukuru huduku. Nekuda kweizvi vanoshandisa yakakwira dielectric isingachinji, uye yakaonda kwazvo dhizaini makobvu.
• moto muzhinji: Barium titanate uye strontium titanate inoshandiswa seceramic zvinhu kutsungirira kushushikana kwakanyanya. Kunyangwe ivo vachiwana yakakwira dielectric coefficient uye yakanaka AC rutsigiro, ivo vane iyo yakashata yekuchinja capacitance nekuwedzera tembiricha.
• multilayer ceramic capacitor: vanoshandisa akati wandei akaturikidzana eceramic kana dielectric uye conductive zvinhu. Ivo vanozivikanwawo se monolithic chip capacitors. Iwo akakwana kwazvo, madiki muhukuru uye akanakira kukwirisa pamusoro PCB. Zvikanzi maMLCC ndeerudzi urwu.

ari ceramic disc capacitors ivo vanowanzova nehunyanzvi kubva pa10pF kusvika 100pF, nerutsigiro rwemagetsi anotangira pa16V kusvika pa15kV uye akatokwira mune dzimwe nguva. Aya ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa nekuda kwekusiyana-siyana kwavo.

Kusiyana neizvi, iyo multilayer ceramic nyora MLCC, shandisa kukuya zvinhu zveparaelectric uye ferroelectric pamwe chete nealternating metallic layers. Vanogona kuva ne500 layers kana kudarika, uye ne layer thickness ye 0.5 microns. Rudzi rwayo rwemashandisirwo rwakanyanya kujeka, uye nehunyanzvi uye tsigiro yevoltage yakaderera pane yapfuura.

Applications

Zvichienderana nerudzi rweceramic capacitor, iyo anoshandisa Dzinogona kuve dzakasiyana-siyana, sezvandambotaura kare:

• MLCC: kazhinji kune indasitiri yemagetsi, mumhando dzakasiyana dzemidziyo, kubva kumakomputa, kusvika kune nharembozha, terevhizheni, nezvimwe.
• vamwe: Dzinogona kubva pakakwirira voltage uye AC midziyo uye masisitimu, kune AC/DC converter, high frequency maseketi, kune brushed DC motors kuderedza RF ruzha, marobhoti, nezvimwe.

Capacitor Hunhu

Macapacitor, ese electrolytic uye ceramic capacitors, ane akatevedzana maitiro aunofanirwa kuziva kana uchisarudza iwo akakodzera purojekiti yako. Are features Ndizvo:

• Kururamisa uye kushivirira: Kungofanana nevanopikisa, capacitors zvakare vane kushivirira kwavo uye nekururama. Parizvino pane makirasi maviri:
  • Kirasi 1 ndeye maapplication panodiwa kurongeka kwepamusoro uye uko capacitance inoramba iripo neiyo yakashandiswa voltage, tembiricha, uye frequency. Izvi zvinoshanda mukupisa kubva -55ºC kusvika +125ºC, uye kushivirira kunongowanzosiyana. ±1%.
  • Kirasi 2 ine hukuru hwepamusoro, asi haina kunyatsojeka uye kushivirira kwavo kwakaipisisa. Kugadzikana kwayo kwekupisa kunogona kukonzera kugona kwayo kusiyanisa kusvika 15% uye kushivirira kweanenge 20% mutsauko maererano nehukuru hwezita.
• Format: Kune akajairwa ceramic capacitor, ye soldering kana kushandiswa pabhodhi rekuvandudza, maMLCC emazuva ano akadhindwa maseketi kana maPCB.
• simba uye voltage: havasi vese vanotsigira zvakafanana voltage uye simba. Iyo parameter yauchafanirwa kutarisa kana uchitenga kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inotsigira marara painozoshanda. Avo vane anopfuura mazana maviri VA vanokwanisa kushingirira kubva pa200 kV kusvika pa2 kV, iyo yakawanda, kunyangwe yetambo dzemagetsi. Nekudaro, maMLCC anowanzo tsigira chero kubva kune mashoma mavolts kusvika kumazana emavolts.

Makodhi

Ceramic capacitor ine manhamba matatu akanyorwa pane chimwe chezviso zvavo. Semuenzaniso, 3, 101, 102, nezvimwewo, kuwedzera kune zvakakosha muPF (pico farads). Izvi macode ari nyore kududzira:

• Madijiti maviri ekutanga ndiwo kukosha kwecapacitance mupF.
• Nhamba yechitatu inoratidza nhamba ye zero inoshandiswa pamutengo.

kubudikidza ejemplo, 104 zvinoreva kuti ine 10 · 10.000 = 100.000 pF, kana chii chakafanana 100 nF kana 0.1 μF.

En zvinyorwa Iwe unogona zvakare kuona mugadziri, iyo inotsigirwa voltage, kana kushivirira ...

Kubatsira uye kusagadzikana

Kana iwe uchinetseka nezve iyo zvakanaka nezvakaipa yeceramic capacitor, iwo akakosha mapoinzi ndeaya:

• Kubatsirwa:
  • Compact structure.
  • cheap.
  • Inokodzera kuchinjanisa ikozvino nekuda kwechimiro chayo chisina-polarized.
  • Inoshivirira kuratidza kukanganisa.
• payakaipira:
  • Iko capacitance kukosha ishoma.
  • Vane microphonic effect pamatunhu.

Nzira yekutarisa sei ceramic disc capacitor

Kuti uedze kushanda kweceramic disc capacitor, uye tarisa kana ichishanda nemazvo kana kana yakakanganisika (pfupi dunhu nekuda kwekuwedzera voltage,...), unogona tevera nhanho idzi:

1. Shandisa multimeter kana multimeter kutarisa ceramic capacitor.
2. Ona chinyorwa chakatsaurirwa kune izvi...

kupi kutenga capacitors

Kutenga izvi zvakachipa zvishandiso, unogona kutarisa kuzvitoro zvemagetsi zvehunyanzvi kana pamapuratifomu seAmazon:

• Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa..
• Pack ye630 mayuniti e electrolytic capacitors emhando dzakasiyana siyana.
• Kit ye100 MLCC mhando ceramic capacitors.
• 10 isina-polarized polypropylene capacitors.
• 300 zvikamu zve high voltage capacitors.
• 4 high voltage electrolytic capacitors.