Arduino akatanga sebhodhi rakareruka redzidzo uye vanogadzira vanoda DIY. Chikuva che hardware libre kune vanoda zvemagetsi zvinogona kurongwa nekuda Arduino IDE uye nemikana yakawanda. Zvishoma nezvishoma zvakashanduka, zvabuditsa shanduro nyowani uye edhiyo dzebhodhi, pamwe nekiti uye zvishongedzo senge dzakakurumbira nhovo nemamojuru akawedzera mashandiro ekutanga emabhodhi aya.
Imwe yemamwe mawedzero akagadzira kusvetuka kukuru mukugona yaive iyo WiFi module, senge ESP8266, sezvo izvi zvakatendera kuti mapurojekiti ayo kusvika parizvino akasarudzika anogona kubatanidzwa kunetiweki uye nekudaro kukwanisa kuongorora kana kubata chirongwa kubva paInternet chero kupi pasi. Ndosaka tichizotsaurira ichi chinyorwa kuESPN8266, kuti iwe ugone kuziva zvese zvaunoda ...
A bit of history
Kambani yekutanga yakagadzira izvi ESP8266 chip yaive Espressif, imwe kambani yeChinese iri muShanghai, kunyangwe parizvino paine vamwe vagadziri vari kuigadzira nekuigadzira. Zuva chairo rekutanga kwaro raive muzhizha ra2014, saka harisi iro rekare. Yakatanga kutengeswa nemutengo wakaderera uye kuti pamwe pamwe nehunyanzvi hwayo zvakaita kuti ikurumidze kufarirwa.
La yekuvandudza nharaunda Izvo zvakare yaive nebasa rakakosha mukubudirira, sezvo ivo vakatanga kududzira uye kutsikisa huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinyorwa, kugadzira mafemu uye mamwe makodhi kuti vakwanise kushandisa paESPN8266. Izvo zvakapa vagadziri zvese zvishandiso zvavaida kuti vakwanise kushandisa chishandiso kune kwavo kuzere simba.
Asi iwe unofanirwa kuziva, kuti sekune vanofamba, zita remazita kana manhamba Izvo hazvina kugara zviri ESP8266, asi kutanga mamwe ESPs ekutanga akaonekwa kutanga, ipapo shanduro senge ESP8285 kubva 2016 yakauya iyo yaisanganisira yakabatanidzwa 1MB flahsd memory, uyezve iyo ESP8266 yatinoziva nhasi yaizoonekwa, zvinoita kunge yatora nhanho kumashure nekuti kwete Iyo ine ndangariro iyi, asi iwe unogona kuwedzera mamwe ekunze machipisi ekuchengetedza zvirongwa.
Chii?
El ESP8266 inogona kubatanidzwa muWiFi iyo inopa yakaderera mutengo chip ine yakazara TCP / IP stack uye microcontroller. Inofambiswa ne3.3v uye ine 106 Mhz Tensilica Xtensa LX80 processor, 64 KB RAM yemirayiridzo uye 96 KB yedata, 16 GPIO pini, yakatsaurirwa UART pini, uye SPI uye I2C interface.
La Tensilica CPU inogona kugadzirwa nekukurumidza nekuwedzeredza izvo vamwe, asi kwete ese, mamodheru anotendera. Muchokwadi, iyo frequency frequency inogona kupetwa kaviri. Nenzira, 32-bit RISC mhando CPU. Zvakare inosanganisirwamo module ndeye 10-bit ADC inoshandura yemasaini.
Semubatsiri, inosanganisira yekunze QSPI flash memory chip kubva pa512 KB kusvika pa4 MB zvichienderana nemu module, dzimwe nguva inogona kusvika 16 MB. Nezve iyo WiFi yekubatanidza kugona, inowirirana neiyo IEEE 802.11 b / g / n standard, pamusoro pekutsigira WEP, WPA uye WPA2 chengetedzo.
Unoshandisa chii?
Iyo ESP8266, ingoisa, inowedzera WiFi yekubatanidza kugona kune edu mapurojekiti. Ndokunge, iyo inobvumidza isina waya kubatana kune yemuno network kana kune iyo Internet. Izvi zvinogonesa huwandu hukuru hwezviitiko, sekukwanisa kubatanidza kana kudzima midziyo yemagetsi (uchishandisa relay) kana mamwe maratidziro emagetsi epamba pedu kutonga imba nekuibata pamusoro peInternet kubva kune yedu smartphone kana chero komputa yakabatana kubva chero kupi.
Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kudzora kurima uye kudiridza masystem kuburikidza nemambure, kugadzirisa maindasitiri masisitimu, kutonga kwe IP vhidhiyo yekuongorora kamera, Tarisisa Data kubva Switch network akagoverwa panguva dzakasiyana pfungwa, nokuti wearables vane chokuita vanokwanisa, kuti IoT mapurojekiti (Internet yezvinhu kana Internet yezvinhu) uye zvese zvaunogona kufungidzira ...
ESP8266 Module Zvimiro:
Kuti iwe uzive zvimwe zvakadzama iyo ESP8266, pano isu tinokupa iwe yakateedzana yezvinonakidza chokwadi izvo zvauchazofanira kuziva nezve iyi module.
ESP8266 Dhatashiti
Muzvikamu zvakapfuura isu takatsanangura zvimwe zve iwo akakosha maficha eESPN8266Kuti uwane zvese zvehunyanzvi zvizere, iwe unotoziva kuti iwe unogona kudhawunirodha madhaidhiet akakurumbira ayo vagadziri vanayo kubva kune avo epamutemo mapeji ewebhu Zvimwe zvezvimwe zvekuwedzera zvinotsanangurwa mu datasheet ndeizvi:
- Tensilica Xtensa L106 32-bit RISC 80Mhz CPU
- 10-bit ADC inoshandura
- RAM 64KB i / 96KB d
- 16-pini GPIO (kwete ese anogona kushandiswa, zvakare iyo GPIO16 yakabatana neiyo RTC kana Yechokwadi Nguva Clock)
- UART
- SPI
- I2C
- Voltage 3v uye 3.6v
- Kuwedzera 80mA
- Kushanda kwekushanda -40 kusvika 125 toC
- WiFi IEEE 802.11 b / g / n ine IPv4 rutsigiro uye TCP / UDP / HTTP / HTTPS / FTP protocols
- Kushandiswa 0.0005 kusvika 170 mA zvinoenderana nesimba rechiratidzo
- MaModes: Anoshanda maitiro (anoshanda), Kurara Maitiro (akarara), Kurara Zvakadzika (hope dzakadzika) - Inokanganisa kushandiswa
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, kurodha pasi datasheet:
- Adafruit ESP8266
- Espressif ESP8266EX (Yakagadziridzwa vhezheni)
Nehurombo chete vari muchirungu, asi zviri nyore kunzwisisa zvese zvese kana uine ruzivo rwehunyanzvi.
Module pinout
Imwezve tsananguro inogona kuoneka mune iyo datasheet iri iyo pinout, ndiko kuti, iyo pantillage. Iwe une mangani ematsotsi uye ndeipi imwe neimwe? Zvichienderana nekuti ingangoita iyo ESP8266 chip kana kana ikauya mune imwe fomati kana module, iwo mapiniini anogona kusiyana sezvaungaona mumifananidzo iri pamusoro.
Kubatanidzwa naArduino uye wifi.h
Zvekugadzirisa iwe unazvo raibhurari inonzi wifi.h yakanangana kuitira kuti iwe ugone kushandisa mabasa akaiswamo mairi paunenge uchigadzira masosi enzvimbo neArduino IDE kuronga iyo microcontroller. Iwe unogona kuona rumwe ruzivo pane aya maviri maGitHub mapeji mune aya mapurojekiti akaitirwa: Arduino Wifi.h Raibhurari / Wifi.h Espressif Raibhurari.
Kana zvakadaro kusangana pamwe neArduino, zvinogona kuitwa kunyangwe iri module kana iyo ESP8266 chip zvakasiyana. Nekudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa ma module. Kune mhando dzinoverengeka, asi dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndidzo dzinopihwa nemugadziri anozivikanwa AI-Funga:
- ESP-01: module yekutanga yakatanga kuoneka. Mutengo waro unowanzo pakati pe € 2 ne € 4. Iyo diki diki uye inongova ine maviri anoshanda maGPIOs kudzora ma sensors ayo uye maactuator. Iyi module ine yakavakirwa-mukati yeiyo WiFi kanyanga, ma LED, iyo ESP8266 chip uye BG25Q80A flash memory.
- ESP-05: mutengo wayo wakafanana neiyo yapfuura, uye zviri nyore. Pini dzayo dzinogona kushandiswa nyore nyore kushanda seye WiFi nhoo yeArduino kana kuishandisa pane bhodhi rechingwa, asi haina chero inowanikwa GPIO.
- ESP-12Kunyangwe ichishandiswa chaizvo, inogona kunge isiri iyo inoshanda kupfuura ese, kunyanya kune vanotanga. Mutengo waro unenge € 4, uye ine gumi nematanhatu inosvikika GPIO kubatana, imwe yacho iri 11-bit analog (10 inogoneka yedhijitari kukosha). Asi ine hurema hukuru, hwauchazofanira kusonering, nekuti haina mapini.
- ESP-201: mutengo i € 6 uye ndiyo inosarudzika yevagadziri uye inokurudzirwa kune vazhinji vashandisi. Iyo zvakare ine gumi nemaviri GPIO chiteshi, kunyangwe isiri isu tese tinogona kuzvishandisa. Mune ino kesi, ine mapini ekuikwana pabhodhi rechingwa kana neArduino isina soldering.
Iwe unofanirwa kuziva izvo kune mamwe ma moduleMuchokwadi, muchikamu chinotevera tinotaura nezve iyo yakave inozivikanwa nhasi uye inokodzera kutaurwa kwakakosha.
NodeMCU
Module inozivikanwa kwazvo nhasi ndiyo inonzi NodeMCU, nemutengo wakaenzana neESP-201, ndiko kuti, angangoita € 6. Ndiyo module yaunogona kuona mumifananidzo mikuru yechinyorwa chino uye iri nyore kwazvo kushandisa, nezvose zvaunoda zvakabatanidzwa. Ndokunge, iwe unogona kushanda wakazvimiririra kubva pakutanga, usinga fanirwe kuwedzera zvimwe zvekuwedzera sezvazvakaita mune apfuura ma module.
NodeMCU inosanganisira iyo ESP8266 chip, a serial / USB adapter, inofambiswa ne microUSB, uye inoenderana nehunhu hweESPN-12. Shanduro dzinoverengeka dzeNodeMCU iyi dzakaonekwa, senge 1 kana 2 dzakawedzeredzwa uye kuvandudzwa. Asi chinonyanya kufadza ndeye firmware iyo inosanganisira, iyo iwe unogona kukopa uye inobvumidza kuronga mumitauro yakaita sePython, BASIC, JavaScript nemamwe asinganyanyozivikanwa seLUA. Rangarira kuti firmware kodhi, chirongwa chepasi-chepamusoro chakachengetwa mundangariro ...