Mazhinji mapurojekiti emagetsi anoda chinhu chehutongi, uye izvo zvinoitika nekuve ne gyroscope kana gyroscope. Chinhu ichi chinogona zvakare kuona kufamba kana kutenderera kwechigadzirwa, uye kubatsira kuburitsa mhinduro kurwisa iko kufamba. Semuenzaniso, kana uri murairo, unogona kutenderera nenzira iyo mushandisi yaanoda kudzora chinhu kana mutambo wevhidhiyo.
ari kunyorera kwegyroscope, sezvo iwe uchigona kufungidzira kune akawanda, senge iyo inosanganisirwa nharembozha kuti ikwanise kuziva kana iyo skrini yatenderedzwa uye kuita chimwe chiito chekutonga pane inoshanda sisitimu, kubata mota kana vatambi vemitambo yemavhidhiyo, nezvimwe. Iyo zvakare inosanganisirwa mune mamwe malaptop kuona kuti michina yadonhedzwa uye nekudaro inokwanisa kudzima hard disk (HDD) munguva yekudzivirira musoro kuti usarove iyo inotenderera diski uye kutyora, nezvimwe.
Vanogona zvakare kushandiswa gwara rekutungamira, kuziva uko mudziyo uri kuenda. Izvi zvinoshandira zvese marobhoti anozvimiririra, uye mamwe masisitimu ayo anoda kuve akajeka mukati pasina kupindira kana neanopindira mushandisi MaDrones zvakare ane aya mhando yezvinhu akaisirwa, uye kunyangwe chaiwo magirazi, akawedzera kana akavhenganiswa chokwadi, kuti akwanise kuchinjisa mufananidzo unoonekwa maererano nekufamba kwemushandisi ...
Zvakare mune military industry Yakave nemashandisirwo mazhinji, sekukwanisa kumisa maroketi ekutanga nezvombo zvinokandwa zvinogona kutariswa kuchinangwa nenzira iri nani nekuda kwema gyroscopes aya. Uye zvakare, izvi, pamwe neazvino satellite masisitimu akadai seGPS, anogona kuve nemhando yepamusoro kwazvo.
Sezvauri kuona, mafomu acho akawanda, uye zvirokwazvo iwe, semuiti, une zvakawanda mumusoro wako kune rako ramangwana DIY chirongwa ...
A bit of history
El pfungwa yekutenderera zvave zvichidikanwa kwemakore mazhinji, kunyanya nekufamba. Iwo masisitimu ekutanga aive akavakirwa pamusoro wekutenderera, senge wezana ramakore gumi nemasere neBritish John Serson. Nayo akafunga kupa kumwe kushandisa kumusoro kwekutenderera kuti akwanise kuona kutenderera mumakungwa akakwirira apo kuoneka kwakaderedzwa kana kushaya basa.
Zvishoma nezvishoma zvishandiso zvekutenderera zvaive zvichishanduka kusvika iyo yekutanga gyroscope seiyi kwete yaizokwira kusvika muna 1852, pamwe nekugadzirwa kweFoucault. Yakabuda sechigadzirwa chekuyedza kuratidza kutenderera kwePasi. Chinhu chine pendulum chinogona kuratidza iko kutendeuka nenzira yakapusa.
Zvishoma nezvishoma, michina michina yakashanduka nekuwanda kwemaindasitiri emuchadenga nemauto e torpedoes uye zvombo. Izvo zvinodikanwa kusimbisa mune iyi pfungwa iyo Sperry Corp gyro, yeindasitiri yemauto uye iyo yakava imwe yemafungiro ekutanga uye epamazano.
Mushure meizvozvo, ivo vaizotanga kunatsa, kudzikisa saizi, kuwedzera maererano nehunyanzvi kudzamara vasvika pasisitimu dzazvino zvemagetsi uye miniaturized nekuda kwetekinoroji senge MEMS. Pane izvi isu tatoona chimwe chinhu mu MPU6050 chinhu kubva pane ino blog.
Gyroscope inoshanda sei?
Iyo gyroscope kana gyroscope yakavakirwa pane iyo gyroscope mhedzisiro. Ichi chiitiko chinoitika kana mudziyo wakagadzirwa nedisk wakaiswa pane yakatetepa akabatana, panotenderera diski inotenderera zvakasununguka kumhanya. Kana mucherechedzi akachengeta akabatana nekumashure neruoko rweruboshwe uye axis yepamberi nerudyi, kana achideredza ruoko rwerudyi nekusimudza ruboshwe, anozonzwa hunhu hwakanyanya.
Izvo izvo mucherechedzi achanzwa ndeizvozvo iyo gyroscope inosundira ruoko rwako rwerudyi uye inodhonza ruoko rwako rweruboshwe. Izvi ndizvo zvinozivikanwa segyroscope mhedzisiro. Ini handizive kana iwe wakambobata muruoko rwako mechanical hard disk (HDD) ine yakakwira kutenderera kumhanya (7200 RPM), painenge ichimhanya, asi zvirokwazvo uchaona kuti ine imwe inertia kana iwe uchiifambisa, chimwe chinhu senge izvi ndizvo zvandiri kutaura newe pano ...
Zvakanaka, chiitiko ichi chinoshandiswa nema gyroscopes akajairwa kugona kuziva kana kufamba kuchiitika. Kunyangwe iyezvino midzi michina yemagetsi Mumidziyo yetekinoroji, iyo inotaurwa nezvayo muchinyorwa chino, zvinhu zvakaomarara zvinotora kusuduruka kweangular pachiyero chenguva kana kuti nekukurumidza sei muviri kutenderera uchitenderera akabatana, uchishandisa imwe mhedzisiro.
Ivo vanowana akanaka kwazvo chaiwo kuonga nekuda kweiyo MEMS ine inozivikanwa maitiro inoita kunge Coriolis. Mune ino kesi, yakawanikwa nemurume wechiFrench Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis muna 1836. Mhedzisiro yacho inoonekwa mune inotenderera furemu furemu kana mutumbi uri kufamba zvine chekuita nereferensi furemu. Inosanganisira yekumhanyisa hama yemuviri mune akadaro system yekutenderera. Yakati kumhanyisa ichagara yakanangana neiyo axis yekutenderera kweiyo system uye kune iyo velocity yemuviri.
Chinhu mune ino kesi chinopinda kukurumidza kubva padanho rekuona kweanotenderera anotarisa, sekunge paive nechisimba chisiri pachinhu icho chinomhanyisa. Iri simba reCoriolis remhando inertial kana yekunyepedzera, nekuda kwayo kwaingave kuyera angular velocity, kusanganisa angular velocity zvine chekuita nenguva, iyo angular kutamiswa, kana kungoziva kana chinhu chafamba ...
Kunyanya, mune MEMS mhando sensor, une chip chidiki mukati chakaiswa gyroscope ine saizi inotangira pa1 kusvika 100micrometer, kureva kuti, idiki pane bvudzi remunhu. Ichi chishandiso chakaringana zvekuti kana ichitenderedzwa, diki resonance mass inofamba neshanduko mune angular velocity, ichibva yaburitsa yakaderera kwazvo magetsi emagetsi anozoverengerwa nekushandurwa neanodzora matunhu.
Hunhu hwaunofanira kucherechedza mune gyroscope
Humwe hunhu hwaunofanirwa kufunga nezvazvo kana zvasvika kune sarudza gyro yeyako projekiti eson:
- Rango: maximum angular velocity iyo ichazokwanisa kuyera haifanire kudarika yakanyanya huwandu hweiyo gyroscope yaunosarudza. Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa zvakare kuve neakanakisa kugona kunzwisisika, uye izvi zvinogoneka nekuita iyo gyro renji isanyanya kukwira kupfuura iwe yaunoda.
- Interface: Harisi dambudziko rakawandisa, sezvo 95% yemagrosikopu ari pamusika ane zvinoburitswa neanalog, kunyangwe paine mamwe ane chinongedzo chedhijitari cherudzi rweSPI kana bhazi reI2C.
- Huwandu hwemakisi: semuma accelerometers, icho chinhu chakakosha kwazvo. Ivo havawanzo kuve nemazhinji masanhu anowanikwa sezvinoitika mune maacherimometer, asi zvakanyanya kuve nani. Mazuva ano mamwe matemo matatu atanga kuoneka, chinova chinhu chakanaka kwazvo. Asi mazhinji mamodheru ane 3 kana maviri matemo, ayo anofanirwa kukwana mazhinji emapurojekiti. Mune matatu-akabatana iwo, iwe unofanirwa kubvunza iyo yemhando ruzivo kuti uzive kuti ndeipi axis inoyera kutendeuka, sezvo mamwe maviri achigona kuyera namo uye roll yechinhu, nepo imwe ichiyera simbi uye yaw.
- Kushandiswa: chimwe cheakakosha hunhu, nekuti kana projekiti yako ichitsamira pabhatiri unofanirwa kusarudza imwe inopedza simba shoma. Muzhinji haina kunyanya kuwanda, avhareji yekushandisa inowanzo kuve yakatenderedza zana maamps. Vamwe vemberi kwazvo vane simba rekumisa basa kana risiri kushandiswa.
- Extras: vamwe vanogona kunge vaine zvimwe zvekuwedzera, senge accelerometer sensors, tembiricha metres, nezvimwe, mune imwechete module.
Zvakare, kana iwe ukatenga modulesVachave neiyo chip uye pcbb pamwe nezvimwe zvekuwedzera izvo zvichafambisa kusangana kwavo neArduino, semuenzaniso, kupa kubatana uye mapini emagetsi, nezvimwe.
Gyros iwe yaunogona kutenga
Kune dzakawanda gyros iwe yaunogona kutenga s MPU6050 iyo inosanganisirawo accelerometer. Isu tatozvitsanangura mune imwe chinyorwa, asi kunze kwaizvozvo, kune zvimwe zvaunogona kubatanidza nyore nyore mumapurojekiti ako emagetsi pamwe neArduino.
- Unogona kutenga gyro senge iyo ST Microelectronics LPY503AL. Iyo ndeimwe yevakakurumbira, uye unogona kuverenga dhatasheet rayo pano.
- Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa iyo inertial Switch s Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa.,Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa. e Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa., kuwedzera kune MPU6050 ...
Kubatana kwaro uye kusangana pamwe neArduino kunoenderana nemhando yega yega uye inogadzira. Asi hazvina kuoma. Unogona kutarisa yavo dhatasheets uye pinout kuziva maitiro ekuzvibata. Mubvunzo ndewokuziva mashandiro avo kuti vazive maitiro ekuverenga angular kusuduruka uye kuti kodhi yako muArduino IDE inoidudzira uye inogadzira chiitiko zvinoenderana ...