ari sensors anoshandiswa zvakanyanya zvishandiso mune yakawanda maseketi. Kune tembiricha, hunyoro, utsi, mwenje, uye yakareba etc. Izvo zvinhu zvinotibvumidza kuyera humwe hukuru uye nekuushandura kuita mhinduro yemagetsi. Iyo yeanalog inoburitsa chiratidzo inogona kushandurwa kuve digital uye nokudaro inokwanisa kushandisa iyi mhando ye sensor ine dhijitari macircuit, LCD skrini, yeArduino bhodhi, nezvimwe.
LM35 ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarira maseru uye inoshandiswa nevose, sezvo iri tembiricha yekushisa. Iyo inouya yakavharirwa mupaketi yakafanana neiyo yeiyo ma transistors atinoongorora mune ino blog, senge 2N2222 and the BC547. Izvo zvazvinoita kuyera tembiricha yezvakatipoteredza uye zvinoenderana nekuti iri pamusoro kana yakadzika, ichave nechero imwe kana imwe magetsi pakubuda kwayo.
Iyo LM35
El LM35 inzwa tembiricha sensor ine calibration ye1ºC yekusiyana. Ehezve, izvi hazvireve kuti ese sensors tembiricha anouya akagadzirira madhigirii Celcius, asi zvinoita mune ino kesi. Muchokwadi, icho chinhu icho iwe chaunofanirwa kuchinjira gare gare kuti uzvigadzikise uye chiite icho chiyero pachiyero chaunoda. Pakuburitsa kwayo inogadzira chiratidzo cheanalogog yemagetsi akasiyana zvichienderana netembiricha irikutora chero nguva.
Unogona kazhinji chivharo chekuyera tembiricha pakati -55ºC uye 150ºC, saka ine mhando yakanaka yekuyera tembiricha dzakakurumbira. Muchokwadi, ndizvo izvo zvakaita kuti ibudirire kwazvo, zvekuti inogona kuyera tembiricha dzinowanzoitika. Iyo tembiricha renji inoganhurirwa neiyo huwandu hwesimba voltages iyo yainogona kuve nayo pakuburitsa kwayo, kubva -550mV kusvika 1500mV.
Ndokunge, kana zviripo kuyera tembiricha 150ºC isu tatoziva kuti ichapa 1500mV pakuburitsa kwayo. Ipo kana tiine -550mV zvinoreva kuti iri kuyera -55ºC. Haasi ese sensors tembiricha ane aya akafanana magetsi maseru, mamwe anogona kusiyana. Iwo tembiricha yepakati ichafanirwa kuverengerwa uchishandisa mafomula akapusa kuziva iyi miganhu miviri. Semuenzaniso, nemutemo wevatatu.
Iyo LM35 pinout Izvo zviri nyore, pini yekutanga kana pini ndeye yekushandisa magetsi inodiwa kune iyo sensor, inoenda kubva pa4 kusvika pa30v, kunyangwe ichizosiyana zvichienderana nemugadziri, nekudaro, zviri nani kuti utarise pane dhatabheti reiyo sensor iyo yawakatenga. Zvino, pakati, tine pini yekuburitsa, ndokuti, iyo ichapa rimwe voltage kana imwe zvinoenderana netembiricha. Uye pini yechitatu ivhu.
Zvimiro uye madhata
El LM35 chishandiso chisingade mamwe madunhu ekuchigadzirisa, saka zviri nyore kwazvo kushandisa. Semuenzaniso, kana tikarishandisa neArduino, isu tinongofanirwa kunetseka nezve huwandu hwenzvimbo iyo yainopa kune zvayakaburitsa tichiziva iyo yakanyanya uye shoma tembiricha iyo yainogona kuyera, uye gadzira runyorwa rwakareruka kuitira kuti chiratidzo cheanalogog icho Arduino bhodhi rinogashira rinogona kushandurwa kuita dhijitari uye kuti tembiricha inoonekwa pachiratidziro mu ºC kana shanduko kune iyo chiyero chaunoda.
Sezvo zvisingawanzo kupisa zvakanyanya, zvinowanzoitika yakavharirwa mupurasitiki dzakachipa nezvimwe zvakadaro. Mhepo yakadzika inodiwa pakushanda kwayo uye nekuburitsa kwayo inoita kuti zviitike. Haisi yakasimba-simba chishandiso inoda simbi, ceramic encapsulation uye kunyange heatsinks semamwe mamiriro.
Pakati pe hunoshamisa hwokugadzira zvechadenga Ndizvo:
- Kubuda kwemagetsi zvakaenzana netembiricha: kubva -55ºC kusvika 150ºC nemagetsi kubva -550mV kusvika 1500mV
- Yakagadziriswa madhigirii Celcius
- Yakavimbiswa chaiyo voltage kubva ku0.5ºC kusvika 25ºC
- Yakadzika kuburitsa impedance
- Yakaderera kupa ikozvino (60 μA).
- Yakaderera mutengo
- Pasuru SOIC, TO-220, TO-92, TO-CAN, etc.
- Kushanda voltage pakati pe4 ne30v
Kuti uwane zvese nezve iyo LM35, unogona shandisa madhata yakapihwa nevagadziri vakaita seTI (Texas Instruments), STMicroelectronics, uye nevamwe vanozivikanwa vatengesi veiyi mhando ye sensor. Semuenzaniso, pano unogona dhawunorodha iyo PDF yeiyo dhatasheet yeiyo TI LM35.
Kubatanidzwa naArduino
Unogona kuwana kodhi mienzaniso yeArduino IDE uye mienzaniso inoshanda ne kosi yedu kana chirongwa chemanyorerwo paArduino. Asi kupa muenzaniso wemaitiro ekushandisa LM35 neArduino nekodhi, pano tinoona uyu wakapusa muenzaniso.
Para kuverenga tembiricha yeLM35 neArduino iri nyore kwazvo. Ngatitangei kurangarira kuti -55ºC uye 150ºC, nehunyoro hwe1ºC. Nekuita kuverenga, zvinogona kupedziswa kuti pa 1 thatC yetembiricha zvinoreva kuwedzera kana kuenzana ne10mV. Semuenzaniso, kana tikatarisa kuti iyo yakanyanya kubuda ndeye 1500mV, kana isu tikawana 1490mV, izvo zvinoreva kuti sensor iri kutora tembiricha ye149ºC.
Una formula kukwanisa kushandura iyo analog kuburitsa yeiyo LM35 sensor kune digital zvingave zviri:
T = Kukosha * 5 * 100/1024
Rangarira kuti 1024 imo nekuti iyo Arduino, mune yayo digitaalinen chiyamuro inogamuchira chete huwandu uhu hwehunhu hunokwanisika, kureva kuti, kubva pa0 kusvika pa1023. Izvi zvinomiririra tembiricha iyo inogona kuyerwa, hushoma huri 0 uye huwandu hwakanyanya unoenderana ne1023. Iyi ndiyo nzira yekushandura kubva kuanalogog kuenda kudigital chiratidzo chakawanikwa pakuburitsa kwepini yeLM35.
Izvi, zvakapfuudzwa ku kodhi iwe yaunofanira kunyora muArduino IDE kuti ishande chingave chinhu chakadai.
// Declarar de variables globales
float temperatura; // Variable para almacenar el valor obtenido del sensor (0 a 1023)
int LM35 = 0; // Variable del pin de entrada del sensor (A0)
void setup() {
// Configuramos el puerto serial a 9600 bps
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// Con analogRead leemos el sensor, recuerda que es un valor de 0 a 1023
temperatura = analogRead(LM35);
// Calculamos la temperatura con la fórmula
temperatura = (5.0 * temperatura * 100.0)/1024.0;
// Envia el dato al puerto serial
Serial.print(temperatura);
// Salto de línea
Serial.print("\n");
// Esperamos un tiempo para repetir el loop
delay(1000);
}
Rangarira kuti kana iwe ukachinja mapini ekubatanidza pane iyo Arduino bhodhi kana uchida kuigadzirisa kune imwe nhanho, uchafanirwa kusiyanisa fomura nekodhi kuti ienderane neyako dhizaini.
Nenzira iyi, pachiratidziri unogona tora tembiricha zviyero muºC yakatendeka. Unogona kuedza kuunza chimwe chinhu chinotonhora kana kupisa padhuze neiyo sensor kuti uone shanduko dzinoitika ...