LM7805: zvese nezve iyo voltage regulator

LM7805

El LM7805 iri gadziriro yemagetsi, asi kwete kuti irege kuvhiringidzwa nemhepo inoparadzanisa iyo yatakatotaura nezvayo mune imwe yezvinyorwa zvedu zvakapfuura. Uye zvakare, haisi chero gadziriro yemagetsi, asi ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa nevagadziri uye mumaprojekiti e DIY emarudzi ese. Basa rayo, sekuratidzwa kwezita rayo, ndere kugadzirisa gwara remagetsi redunhu mairi rakabatanidzwa.

Chinhu chisingawanzo kukosheswa uye icho, pane dzimwe nguva, chinogoverwa kune akawanda mapurojekiti. Asi izvo chaizvo yakakosha kana iwe uchida yakagadzikana voltage chiratidzo. Kunyanya kukosha iyo LM7805 painogadzira magetsi emagetsi kumatunhu edu. Semuenzaniso, kugadzira gadzirirwo yemagetsi inogadzirwa nehumwe hunhu, imwe yeaya maanyorerwo haifanire kunge isipo.

Chii chinonzi voltage regulator?

LM7805 redunhu remukati

Un voltage kana gadziriro yemagetsi senge iyo LM7805 chishandiso chinokwanisa kugadzirisa chiratidzo chemagetsi iyo inowana pane yayo yekuisa uye inounza yakasiyana voltage chiratidzo pane yayo kuburitsa. Pane izvo zvinobuda, iyo voltage inowanzo kudzika uye iine humwe hunhu hunodiwa kuti udzivise njodzi kana redunhu kwayakapihwa kuti ishande nemazvo, kana iine hanya nekusiyana kwemagetsi.

Kuita kuti izvi zviitike, iyo voltage regulator ine redunhu remukati riine akateedzana ma resistor uye transistors bipolar yakabatana nenzira yekuti inobvumidza kuchenesa chiratidzo chemagetsi nenzira yakakodzera. Iwe unogona kuona redunhu remukati iro rakabatanidzwa mupakeji yeichi chishandiso mumufananidzo uri pamusoro.

Mumusika kune akawanda akasiyana voltage maanhoveraehe, mazhinji acho anodhura. Kunze kweiyo LM7805 iwe unowanawo iyo 7809, 7806, 7812, nezvimwewo, kubva kumhuri 78xx. Kunyangwe muchinyorwa chino isu tichazotarisa pane iyo 7805, kuve imwe yeanozivikanwa.

La mutsauko pakati pemagetsi gadziriso uye muparadzanisi makakatanwa akajeka. Muparadzanisi unokamura magetsi ekuisa mumatanho akati wandei kuderera pane zvayakaburitsa, asi haigadzirise chiratidzo chemagetsi. Kune rimwe divi, mune iyo voltage regulator, yakafanana voltage inowanikwa pane zvinobuda, asi nechiratidzo chakanyatso nyatso kupfuura icho chinowanikwa pane zvayakaisa.

Voltage regulator kunyorera

Chiratidzo kubva kune magetsi

Sezvaunogona kufungidzira, IC senge iyo LM7805 inogona kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakawanda. Semuyenzaniso, magetsi ivo vanowanzo sanganisa imwe ye78xx dzakateedzana. Muchokwadi, magetsi, sekutsanangura kwatakaita muchinyorwa chakapfuura, inoumbwa nematanho akati wandei:

  • Shanduko: zvinokwanisika kushandura iyo yekuisa voltage ye220v kune yakakodzera imwe ye12, 6, 5, 3, 3.3 kana chero kukosha.
  • Kugadzirisa bhiriji: ipapo chiratidzo ichocho chichava nemagetsi akakodzera, asi icharamba ichiva imwe chiratidzo, mushure mekupfuura nepabhiriji iro chiratidzo chisina kunaka chinodzivirirwa.
  • MaCapacitors: ikozvino chiratidzo chine chimiro chemamuri, ndiko kuti, emamwe mafungire emagetsi ekuti kana uchipfuura neiyo capacitor ichashatiswa, inenge iri tambo yakatwasuka.
  • Makakatanwa anotonga: pakupedzisira, mutongi achagadzirisa iyo chiratidzo kuti iite yakanyatsogadzikana uye kugadzikana, ndiko kuti, kuti iite yakananga yazvino chiratidzo.

Zvimwe muenzaniso wekushandisa yemagetsi gadziriro ingave yekudyisa mamwe maseketi akabatanidzwa ayo asingakwanise kudyiswa nechiratidzo chinopfuura chimwe chimiro. Semuenzaniso, fungidzira sensor kana chip iyo isingakwanise kupfuura 3.3v yesimba. Zvakanaka, mune ino kesi, mutongi anogona kushandiswa kudzivirira njodzi dzekudarika icho chipingaidzo. Simba rese rakawandisa rinoparadzwa sekupisa neiyo 78xx.

LM317
Nyaya inoenderana:
LM317: zvese nezve inochinjika mitsara mitsara yemagetsi voltage

7805: pinout uye dhatasheet

Pinout ye7805

Pane vakasiyana vagadziri veLM7805, senge STMicroelectronics, TI, Sparkfun, nezvimwe. Uye zvakare, iwe unogona kuzviwana zvese zviri zviviri zvechinyakare package uye mune module kuti zvive nyore kusanganisa muzvirongwa zvako neArduino. Zvichienderana nemodeli yawakatenga, ini ndinokupa zano kuti uwane iyo yepamutemo webhusaiti yemugadziri kuti utarise hunhu mu chaiwo madhatasheets yemuenzaniso. Rangarira kuti kunyangwe zvese zvakafanana, panogona kunge paine shanduko kubva kune mumwe mugadziri kuenda kune mumwe.

Kana iwe ukazvitenga mu TO-220 package, iwe unowana 3-pini pini. Iwo akaverengerwa uye imwe inowirirana nemagetsi anopinza ayo iwe aunoda kuteedzera, epakati maviri iGND kana pasi (yakajairika imwe), pini yechitatu ndeye kuburitswa kweakagadzwa kare magetsi, ndiko kuti, chiratidzo chakatsiga icho isu tinoshandisa sekupa dunhu rakaomarara ratiri kuda kuti riite basa. Asi iwe uchafanirwa kuwedzera zvimwe zvekuwedzera sema capacitors sekurudziro yaigadzirwa nemugadziri kuitira kuti goho rigone kukwana.

LM7805 Arduino Module

Panyaya yemojuru, inodhura zvishoma, asi inogona kuita kuti zvinhu zvive nyore kwauri. Inosanganisira chishandiso chi7805 uye zvakare zvimwe zvinhu izvo iwe ivo vanozoita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa naArduino. Iwe haudi mamwe ekuwedzera ma capacitors kana chero chimwe chinhu. Uye zvakare, inosanganisira heatsink yekuchengetedza chaiyo tembiricha nekubvisa kupisa kunogadzirwa ne78xx uye maviri makadhi ekubatanidza ezvekuisa uye zvinobuda (Vcc neGND kumagumo ega ega), zvichigadzirisa kuitiswa kwayo.

Mamwe mamodheru

ari mutsauko uripo pakati pemamodeli akasiyana anowanikwa mune 78xx akateedzana emagetsi emagetsi ari nyore. Iyo nhamba inoperekedza iyi mhuri inoratidza yakanyanya magetsi inotsigirwa neese mutongi. Semuyenzaniso:

  • LM7805: 5v uye 1A kana 1,5A mune dzimwe nguva.
  • LM7806: 6v
  • LM7809: 9v
  • LM7812: 12v

Kwatenga

Kana iwe uchida kuitenga, unazvo paAmazon, kuwedzera kune zvimwe zvitoro zvemagetsi. Misiyano miviri yaunogona kutenga ndeiyi:

  • Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa. Muhomwe TO-220 ye € 4 unogona kutenga gumi emidziyo iyi.
  • LM7805 mune module for chete pasi pe € 6 pauniti.

Sezvauri kuona, ivo vari michina yakachipa kwazvo...

Kubatanidzwa naArduino

Kana iwe uchifunga nezvazvo sangana neprojekti ine Arduino kana iyo Raspberry Pi kana imwe mhando yebhodhi, Hapana dambudziko. Haufanire kushandisa raibhurari dzakananga sekune mamwe mamodule, uye haufanire kuwedzera imwe kodhi mune yako Arduino IDE, sezvo iyi 78xx iri yega-ine uye yakazvitsaurira kungochinja gwara rekuisa magetsi. Iwe unofanirwa chete kuve nerakafanira ruzivo rwemagetsi kuti urwuise munzvimbo chaiyo padunhu rako ...


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    Mhoroi mose. Ndiri kugadzira denderedzwa rinofambiswa nepaneru yezuva diki (12 V, 10 W). Iyo solar panel yakabatana nebhatiri uye yakaparadzana LED mwenje wedunhu inodzorwa na Arduino Uno. Sezvo ini ndisingade kuti bhatiri rirambe richichaja (chero paine chiedza chezuva) ndinoda kubatanidza rakati bhatiri kune analogi yekupinda yeArduino, ichidzikisa kupinza ku5 V. neLM7805. Chinangwa chekuisa uku ndechekumisa kana kudzima relay iyo inove nebasa rekuvhara solar panel-bhatiri redunhu zvinoenderana nevoltage yainayo kuburikidza neiyo analog yekuisa, kureva, kana bhatiri richipfuura zvishoma voltage, iyo relay iri. activated.kuti itange kuchaja zvakare uchishandisa solar panel. Asi mubvunzo wangu ndewekuti kudzikisa voltage yebhatiri yakabatana neLM7805 zvakare kunodzikisa kuburitsa (ndizvo zvandinoda, kuti zvidzikirewo). Ndine LM2596 Nhanho Pasi asi zviri pachena kuti haindishandire nekuti yaigara ichipa 5 V pane inobuda. Ndingaiwana here neLM7805? Ndinokutendai zvikuru mberi.