Pane marudzi akasiyana-siyana emagetsi emagetsi, sezvaunonyatsoziva kana uchigara uchitiverenga. Mune zvimwe zvinyorwa takaratidza mamwe akakosha mota kune yako DIY mapurojekiti nawo Arduino kana of Mechatronic, asi munyaya ino itsva tichatarisa pane imwe mhando yeinjini: mutsara mota.
Para dzidza zvakawanda Panyaya iyi, ndinokukoka kuti uenderere mberi nekuverenga...
Chii chinonzi linear mota?
Un mutsara mota Imhando yakakosha yemota yemagetsi inosiyana neyakajairwa mota pakuti haiburitse kutenderera kwekufamba, kureva kuti, haitenderere axis, asi inogadzira mutsara simba pakureba kwayo. Iyi mhando yemota inoshanda zvakanyanya seLorentz-mhando actuator, uko simba rinogadzirwa rine hukama zvakananga nemagetsi azvino uye akaiswa magineti.
Kune akasiyana dhizaini emutsetse mota, asi iwo anowanzo kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri chikuru: injini
- Low acceleration injini- Ivo vakakodzera kunyorera senge maglev chitima uye mamwe epamusoro-anoshanda pasi ekufambisa masisitimu. Zvitima izvi zvinokwanisa kufambiswa nemumatinji zvichishandisa magetsi nemagnetism, uye zvinokwanisa kufamba nekumhanya kwakanyanya, kunyangwe zvichida nguva yakawanda kuti zvimhanye kusvika pakumhanya zvakanyanya.
- High acceleration linear motors: Anowanzova mapfupi uye akagadzirirwa kumhanyisa zvinhu kusvika pakumhanya zvakanyanya, sezvakaita pfuti. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mukumhanyisa-kumhanya maapplication, senge zvombo kana misa thruster mumasisitimu emuchadenga. Aya mamotor anowanzo ane dhizaini inosanganisira inotenderera inotenderedza kune rimwe divi remukana pakati pemagineti zvikamu uye passive conductive ndiro kune rimwe divi. Muenzaniso ndeyerailgun mhando homopolar yakananga ikozvino linear mota.
Kune rumwe rutivi, pasi-throttle, high-speed, high-power motors inowanzova yemhando linear synchronous motors (LSM), iyo ine mhepo inomonereka kune rimwe divi remukaha uri pakati pezvikamu zvemagineti uye seti yemagineti ane mapango anochinjana kune rimwe divi. Aya magineti anogona kuva magineti echigarire kana magineti emagetsi. Iyo Shanghai Transrapid injini muenzaniso weLSM.
Linear Motor Applications
Linear motors ndeye electromechanical zvishandiso zvine yakakura akasiyana mafomu mumaindasitiri akasiyana, akadai se:
- Kufambisa kukuru Masisitimu ekufambisa anomhanya-mhanya, senge magineti levitation (maglev) zvitima, anowanzo shandisa mitsara mota kuti iwane kumhanya kwakanyanya uye kusimba kwesimba. Aya mota anobvumira mutsara kufambiswa kuburikidza nemagineti minda.
- Kugadzira uye otomatiki: Mukugadzira uye otomatiki nharaunda, mutsara mota dzinoshandiswa muCNC (kombuta nhamba yekudzora) michina, 3D printers, uye zvinhu zvekubata masisitimu. Kunyatsoita kwavo uye kugona kudzora kufamba kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune aya maapplication.
- Robhoti: Iwo anoshandiswa mumarobhoti uye marobhoti manipulators kudzora mafambiro chaiwo emajoini uye maturusi. Izvi zvakakosha mumaindasitiri emotokari, zvemagetsi nemagungano.
- Aerospace: Muindasitiri yezvemuchadenga, mutsara mota dzinogona kuwanikwa mundege dzekudzora masisitimu, pamusoro pekudzora actuators, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha pakufambisa uye kutonga kwendege nemasatelliti.
- Sayenzi nemishonga: Linear mota dzinoshandiswa mumidziyo yekuongorora yekurapa, yakakwira-chaiyo maikorosikopu, uye masisitimu ekuongorora makemikari. Kugona kwayo kwekufamba kwakanyatso kudzorwa kwakakosha mumashandisirwo aya.
- Tsvakurudzo yesainzi: Mumarabhoritari ekutsvagisa, mutsara mota dzinoshandiswa mufizikisi uye chemistry kuyedza, pamwe nemuyedzo uye yekuyera michina. Kugona kwayo kupa mafambiro akarurama kwakakosha mukutsvakurudza kwesainzi. Semuenzaniso, musimba rekuyera midziyo, nezvimwe.
- Defence tekinoroji: Zvinoshandiswa mukushandiswa kwechiuto, senge masisitimu ezvombo, midziyo yekunangisa, uye yakakwirira-chaiyo yekumisikidza masisitimu.
- Simulators uye varaidzo: Muindasitiri yevaraidzo, mutsara mota dzinoshandiswa mukusimudzira ndege, kutyaira simulators, uye theme park zvinokwezva kugadzira inonyudza, yechokwadi zviitiko.
mhando dziripo
Pakati pemitsetse mota tinogona kusiyanisa mhando dzakasiyana mukati mezvikamu zvandataura pamusoro apa. Muchiitiko ichi zvine chekuita nemhando yemafungiro avanoshandisa kufamba. Uye isu tinofanirwa kusimbisa:
- Induction Motor- Mukugadzirwa uku, simba rinogadzirwa nekufambisa mutsara wemagnetic field inosangana nemaconductor munzvimbo dzayo. Kana chero rudzi rwe conductor, senge coil, loop kana chidimbu chesimbi, yakaiswa mundima iyi, eddy currents inogadzirwa iyo inozoita inopokana yemagineti, ichitevera mutemo waLenz. Iwo maviri anopikisana magineti anodzosera mumwe kune mumwe, zvichikonzera kufamba sezvo magnetic field inotsvaira nesimbi.
- Synchronous Motor: Iko kumhanya kweiyo inofamba magineti inowanzodzorwa nemagetsi ekugadzirisa mafambiro e rotor. Nekuda kwekufungidzirwa kwemitengo, mutsara unowirirana mota haawanzo shandisa ma commutators, saka rotor inowanzo batanidza magineti echigarire kana simbi yakapfava. Mienzaniso yemhando idzi dzemotor dzinosanganisira coilguns uye mota dzinoshandiswa mumaglev masisitimu.
- Homopolar: Yakakwira yazvino inopfuudzwa nesimbi sabot uchishandisa inotsvedza mabati anodyiswa kubva kune maviri njanji. Kugadzirwa kwemagineti nekuda kwechiito ichi kunoita kuti simbi iite chirongwa ichitevedza makwara.
- Piezoelectric- Diki mutsara mota dzinowanzo shandisa piezoelectric system kugadzira kufamba.
Iye zvino iwe unoziva kuti mutsara mota chii, saka unogona kutanga kuishandisa mumapurojekiti ako kune akasiyana maapplication. Kushandiswa kwayo kwakafanana nedzimwe mhando dzeinjini dzatakakutsanangurira mune ino blog, senge linear actuators, zvakafanana neinjini idzi…