Iwe unogona kunge uchida firiji chimwe chinhu mumapurojekiti ako e DIY. Kune izvi, iwe ungazoda Peltier sero. Iyi semiconductor chishandiso yakavakirwa pane thermoelectric mhedzisiro inobvumira kutonhora kwakanyanya. Unogona kuitenga mune dzimwe zvitoro zvakaita seAmazon, kana kungoibvisa kubva pane chakakanganiswa mudziyo iko iko. Midziyo yaunowana imwe yacho ndiyo inowoneka mvura inotonhorera uye mamwe ekushambidza asina compressor.
Rudzi urwu rwePeltier maseru anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeindasitiri kune firiji. Chikonzero ndechekuti ine akawanda zvakanakira kupfuura mamwe echinyakare masisitimu anotonhora. Semuenzaniso, mumienzaniso miviri yandakapa pamusoro, kana iri nzvimbo yekupa mvura inoitirwa kutonhodza tangi remvura kuitira kuti igare iri nyowani, nepo mune dehumidifier inotonhodza mweya unouya kuitira kuti hunyoro hunyorove uye hudonhedze tangi yekudzivirira ...
Thermoelectric mhedzisiro
ari thermoelectric mhedzisiro ndeavo vanoshandura mutsauko wetembiricha kuita magetsi emagetsi kana zvinopesana. Izvi zvinogoneka uchishandisa thermocouples kana chaiwo mhando mhando dzezvinhu, kazhinji semiconductors. Mune aya, iwo ekushisa tembiricha anounza muripo vatakuri mune izvo zvinhu, kungave maerekitironi (-) kana maburi (+).
Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kuwanda kwekushandisa, Kubva pakupisa, kutonhora, kuyera tembiricha, kugadzira magetsi, nezvimwe. Uye izvo zvinokonzerwa nemhedzisiro mhedzisiro iripo mukati meaya anonzi thermoelectric iwo. Mamwe acho ndeaya:
- Seebek mhedzisiro: yakacherechedzwa naThomas Seebek, icho chiitiko umo thermocouples kune iyo tembiricha mutsauko inoshandiswa kuburitsa magetsi. Yakawanikwa pakacherechedzwa kuti simbi mbiri dzakabatanidzwa neimwe yemagumo musiyano wekupisa wakashandiswa pairi uye kuti vakagadzira musiyano ungangodaro kumagumo avo akapatsanurwa. Naizvozvi, zvinogoneka kushandisa kupisa kunogadzirwa neimwe sosi kuti ishandure kuita magetsi.
- Thomson mhedzisiro: Inotsanangura kupisa kana kutonhodza kweanotakura-ano conductor ane tembiricha gradient Yakatsanangurwa naWilliam Thomson kana Lord Kelvin.
Kazhinji, iyo Seebek, Thomson, uye Peltier mhedzisiro inogona kudzoserwa, kunyangwe izvi zvisiri izvo mune yekudziya Joule.
Peltier mhedzisiro
El Peltier mhedzisiro zvakafanana, uye ndizvo zvakavakirwa nemasero atinokurukura muchinyorwa chino. Neichi chivakwa chakawanikwa naJean Peltier muna 1834, uye zvakafanana neSeebek. Zvinoitika kana magetsi emagetsi achikonzera mutsauko wekupisa pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana kana ma thermocouples. Panyaya yemidziyo yazvino ivo semiconductors, asi vanogona zvakare kunge simbi inozivikanwa sePeltier junctions.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mari yemagetsi ikashandiswa pane izvi zvishandiso, rumwe rutivi ruchapisa uye rumwe rutivi ruchatonhora. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti maerekitironi anofamba kubva kunzvimbo inorembera kusvika kune yakaderera, anowedzera nenzira imwecheteyo inoita gasi rakakodzera, uye nekudaro, anotonhodza dunhu iri.
Nenzira, imwe nhanho TEC inogona kuburitsa tembiricha mutsauko pakati pezvikamu zvacho kusvika 70ºC. Saka kana iwe ukachengeta iyo inopisa chikamu chakadzvanywa, iyo inowedzera kutonhora kugona iyi TEC kana Peltier sero ichave nayo. Uku kupisa kwakapinza kunoenderana neazvino zvakapihwa uye nenguva.
Zvakanakira nekuipira TEC
Kunge chero hurongwa, iyo TEC kana Peltier cell ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Ichi ndicho chikonzero mamwe masisitimu efriji achiri kuda kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzakajairika. Pakati zvakanaka zvacho Ndizvo:
- Iyo haina zvikamu zvinofamba, saka zvinoda kuti isachengetwe uye iri yakavimbika zvakanyanya.
- Hazvishandisi compressors hapana kusvibisa CFC gasi.
- Zvinogona kuva kudzora tembiricha zviri nyore uye chaizvo chaizvo, kusvika kuzvikamu zve degree nekusiyanisa yazvino inoshandiswa.
- Diki saizi, kunyangwe ivo vachigona kugadzirwa pamwe hukuru hwakasiyana.
- Ane a hupenyu hurefu kwemaawa anosvika zviuru zana, zvichienzaniswa nezvinopihwa nemamwe mafiriji emuchina.
ari Kukanganisa kwekushandisa TEC Ndizvo:
- Iwe unogona chete bvisa mari shoma kupisa kuyerera.
- Kwete kushanda kushingaira kutaura uchienzaniswa negesi compression masisitimu. Nekudaro, kufambira mberi kutsva kunoita kuti iwedzere kushanda.
Propiedades
Una Peltier ndiro senge TEC1 12706 Inogona kutemerwa pamaviri emauro, saka zvakachipa kwazvo. Iri bhodhi rine zviyero zve40x40x3mm uye rine 127 semiconductor maviri maviri mukati. Simba remagetsi i60w uye nemazita aro ekupa magetsi e12v uye yezita razvino re5A.
Naiye unogona gadzira yakanyanya tembiricha misiyano pakati pezviso zvavo zve65ºC, izvo zvakanaka. Inogona kushanda pakati -55ºC uye 83ºC isina kuzvikuvadza, saka kana ukabuda kunze kwemaitiro aya unoisa mukana wekusagoneka. Kana iwe ukachengeta hunhu mukati meizvozvo, zvinogona kana kukupedzera iwe zviuru mazana maviri emaawa ekushanda zvakakwana, ndokuti makore mazhinji ...
Kubudirira kwemuenzaniso uyu ndezve 12-15w kupisa kwakatorwa, iko kushanda kwakatenderedza makumi maviri kana makumi maviri neshanu muzana tichifunga kuti inoshandisa makumi matanhatu. Zvisinei, iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti kukosha uku kuchakurudzirwa zvakanyanya nekupisa tembiricha.
Kana iwe uchida, panzvimbo pekutenga chete iyo TEC kana Peltier cell, iwe unogona zvakare kutenga pa Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa. iyo yakakwana kutonhora system.
Peltier sero kunyorera
Huye, sero rePeltier inogona kushandiswa kunyanya kutonhora. Semuenzaniso, unogona kutonhodza mvura kana chero imwe mvura nazvo, kana kugadzira yako yekuzvigadzirira dehumidifier. Chero zvazvingava, kuiswa kwayo kuri nyore. Paunenge iwe wawana kana kuwana iyo sero, iwe unongofanirwa chete kunyorera yakananga zvazvino kuburikidza netambo dzakanaka uye dzisina kunaka dzainadzo. Nenzira iyoyo rumwe rutivi ruchapisa uye rumwe rutivi ruchatonhora. Iwe unofanirwa kuziva mativi ayo mushe zvinoenderana nezvauri kutsvaga.
Muenzaniso wekushandisa naArduino
Unogona kushandisa chirongwa chekubatanidza sezvatakamuitira ataure module, asi pachinzvimbo chekudyisa iyo Peltier cell uye fan ine 220v AC, inodyiswa neDC pa12v. Iwe unogona kushandisa imwecheteyo schematic uye kubatanidza yako inotonhorera kune iyo Arduino bhodhi.
Paunenge iwe uine zvese zvakabatana, unogona gadzira kodhi yakapusa yeArduino IDE kuitira kuti firiji yako igone kudzorwa, senge iyi kudzora iyo relay mukati zvinoenderana nemamiriro api kuitira kuti iyo system ishandiswe (unogona kushandisa imwe humidity, tembiricha sensors, nezvimwewo):
const int pin = 9; //Debe ser el pin conectado al relé para su control
const float thresholdLOW = 20.0;
const float thresholdHIGH= 30.0;
bool state = 0; //Celda Peltier desactivada o desactivada
float GetTemperature()
{
return 20.0; //sustituir en función del sensor de temperatura (o lo que sea) empleado
}
void setup() {
pinMode(pin, OUTPUT); //el pin de control se define como salida
}
void loop(){
float currentTemperature = GetTemperature();
if(state == 0 && currentTemperature > thresholdHIGH)
{
state = 1;
digitalWrite(pin, HIGH); //Se enciende el TEC
}
if(state == 1 && currentTemperature < thresholdLOW)
{
state == 0;
digitalWrite(pin, LOW); //Se apaga el TEC
}
delay(5000); //Espera 5 segundos entre las mediciones de temperatura en este caso
}