Gadzira yako pini pini kamera

La pinhole kupikisa ine vateereri vayo, uye kune izvi iwe unoda mudziyo kana kamera ine chaiwo maitiro uye akasiyana neayo eakajairwa kamera. Kana iwe uri kufunga nezve kugadzira yakagadzirirwa pamba pini kamera kana iwe uri kuda kuziva rudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa, isu ticha tsanangura zvese zvakadzama mune iri gwaro. Zvese zviri zviviri pinhole kamera pamwe nemaitiro ekuzvigadzira wega nhanho nhanho.

La pinhole kamera Iyo ndeye isina masystem emeso semamwe makamera, ndiko kuti, haina malenzi kana zvinangwa zvinoenderana nekubviriswa kwechiedza. Pane kudaro, ivo vanongova neburi iro rine basa rekuumba mufananidzo. Iri gomba rinozivikanwa sepini uye rinoita kuti mufananidzo utarike zvakanyanya nekusvitsa neiyo optics.

A bit of history

Inverted mufananidzo kana mwenje unopfuura nepaburi

Kunyangwe paine makamera akawanda achangoburwa, nhoroondo yerudzi urwu yehurongwa yakadzokera kuma500 BC, apo iyo MaGiriki Aristotle naEuclid ivo vakanyora nezve echisikigo "pini makamera." Vakanga vasina makamera kana zvishandiso zverudzi irworwo, chokwadika, asi ivo vakaona chimwe chinhu chinoshamisira kana mwenje wapfuura nepakati pemamwe matanda kana machira akadai semabhasikiti kana machira akarukwa emashizha panguva iyoyo.

Gare gare musayendisiti wechiChirungu anonzi David brewster, ndiye akatanga kuita yekutanga pinhole kutora mifananidzo inozivikanwa. Izvo zvaizoitika muma1850s, panguva iyo Brewster pachake aigadzirawo izwi rekuti pinhole, iro rinoshandiswa zvakare muChirungu kureva makomba emakona. Kubva ipapo, zvishoma nezvishoma zvave zvichipararira uye zvichikura kusvika nhasi ...

Mazano ekamera yako yepini:

Icho chokwadi chekuti pinhole kamera haidi advanced lens lenses kana zvishandiso senge maCCDCD kana CMOS sensors emakamera emazuva ano, zvinoita kuti zvive nyore gadzira kamera yakagadzirirwa kubva muzvinhu zvakachipa, zvezuva nezuva uye zvakapusa sezvaticha tarisa pano.

Kuvaka kamera kunogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Pano isu ticha tsanangura yakapusa uye yakachipa nzira kuzviita, asi isu zvakare tinokupa iwe mamwe mazano kuti ugone kunatsiridza dhizaini kana uchida:

  • Panzvimbo pekushandisa kadhibhodhi bhokisi, unogona kugadzira bhokisi rine huni uye uzviveze uchifarira uye kunyange kugadzira dhizaini yakafanana ne classic kamera kukupa iwe kubata kwemazambiringa kune yako dhizaini. Hwaro hunogona kunge hwakafanana nedhisheni ratinoratidza pano, asi izvo zvishongo zvinoita kuti zvinyanye kukwezva.
  • Kana iwe ukaverenga ine 3D printer, izvo zvingave zvakanaka, nekuti iwe unogona kugadzira yako pachako dhizaini yemakomputa sezvaunoda wozoipurinda mupurasitiki neyako 3D purinda kuti zviite zviri nani kwazvo. Unogona kutevedzera chimiro chekamera yekare kana yazvino, uye kunyange kugadzira chimiro chakasiyana zvachose kubva kukamera (iyo inofanidza bhuku, sikirini TV, trunk diki,…). Ndiko kusarudza kwako ...
  • Unogona zvakare kushandisa chero chimwe chinhu chero chaunoda, senge simbi, papier-mâché, nezvimwe.

Kumupa iye a dhizaini inokwezva Izvo hazvizongoshanda chete sekamera, asiwo sechishongo.

Zvinhu zvinodiwa:

Zvishandiso zvekuvaka iyo pini kamera

Kuti ugadzire yako yekutanga pini kamera iwe haudi kubhadharwa kukuru kwemari, asi inogona kuitwa nayo zvinogadziriswazve zvinhu uye zvakachipa kwazvo izvo isu tese tine kumba:

  • Una kadhibhodhi kadiki bhokisi kana kadhibhodhi hombe raunogona kupeta uye kunama kugadzira bhokisi rakavharwa.
  • Un Photo reel nyowani 35mm. Mifananidzo yako ichatorwa mairi kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuzozvigadzira.
  • Un yakashandiswa reel 35mm iyo yatinozoshandisa sechigadzirwa kuburitsa iyo nyowani reel strip.
  • Una Simbi sheet, senge kicheni yealuminium yekicheni, kapani kadiki, kana kunyange soda isina chinhu inogona kucheka jira resimbi. Kana iwe ukashandisa kicheni foil, chenjera kuti urege kuchimisa, izvo zvinokanganisa zvinokanganisa zvese.
  • Nhema tepi yemagetsi. Zvakakosha kuti yakasviba.
  • Kusona tsono seutete sezvinobvira kana awl kana tambo kubaya jira resimbi. Iyo dhayamita yakakodzera ndeye 2mm approx. Izvo zvidiki, zvakapinza iyo mifananidzo ichave, kunyangwe zvingaite senge ...
  • Chigero uye cheka kucheka.
  • Glue yekadhibhodhi kana iwe wakasarudza kugadzira bhokisi riine makadhibhokisi mashiti iwe pachako. Iwe unotoziva kuti kana iwe ukashandisa imwe mhando yezvinhu, senge huni, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa yakaringana glue, yakadai seyekuveza glue, nezvimwe.
  • Pencil, chiratidzo uye mutongi kuita zviyero zvekucheka.
  • Nhema isingadzimiki roller.

Nezvo uchave nazvo zvese zvaunoda kugadzira iyo pinhole kamera sezvakaratidzwa muchikamu chinotevera ...

Nzira yekugadzira pinhole kamera:

pinhole kamera yapera

Iye zvino tinoenda kune dhizaini dhizaini iwe yaunogona kushandisa kugadzira yako yekutanga prototype uye nekuvandudza iyo nemazano atinokupa iwe muchikamu chakapfuura. Iyo nhanho nhanho maitiro es:

STEP 1: Cheka simbi foil

simbi jira rine buri pakati

Kutanga isu tichaenda cheka chidimbu chesimbiZvimwe kubva kualuminium pepi (rangarira kuti usazvichenesa) kana kucheka chidimbu chesimbi kubva pasoda inogona. Kana iri soda inogona, gadzira buri kumusoro uye isa muromo wepachigero nepakati uye cheka sikweya ingangoita 2.4 × 2.4cm. Inocheka nyore.

Zvino, netsono, tambo kana awl, gadzira kaburi kadiki pakati. Haifanire kunge iri hombe, yeuka kuti inongova gomba diki kuti mwenje upfuure uye ushande se lens yekamera.

CHITATU 2: Gadzirira bhokisi

Kadhibhodhi bhokisi rine buri kuisa jira simbi

Iwe unogona kuzviita nenzira dzakasiyana, kana iwe wakasarudza kuzviumba iwe pachako kadhibhodhi bhokisi Nekuti iwe haugone kuwana yetsika bhokisi, unogona kucheka nekuunganidza iro bhokisi. Asi kana iwe wawana bhokisi rechinhu chauchangobva kutenga, unogona kushanda nacho chaicho. Izvo zviyero zvinofanirwa kunge zvakaringana kuitira kuti zvigone kuisa mukati mairi maviri akaparadzaniswa mukati uye gomba repakati resimbi yesimbi. Iyo haifanire kunge iine madimikira chaiwo ...

Rangarira kuti inofanirwa kuvharwa zvakanaka kuitira kuti pasava nechiedza kupfuura nepaburi mukamera yedu. Naizvozvo, ita shuwa kuti iyo muvharo inovhara mushe. Kana zvisiri, unogona kuzvisimbisa netepi yemagetsi kudzivirira kuti mwenje usapinda nemuvharo. Nezve iyo nguva iwe yaunofanirwa kuisiya isina kuvharwa kuti urambe uchishanda pairi. Chaizvoizvo pane chimwe chechiso chayo unofanirwa kugadzira kuvhura kudiki kwe1x1cm sekuonekwa kwako mumufananidzo. Icho chichava chinangwa chedu.

Imwe mukana ndeye kushandisa matchbox isina, yevakuru. Mukati meeels zviri pachena kuti haakwani, asi anozonamira kumativi ebhokisi. Kuti uite izvi, unogona kubvisa "bhokisi" iro riri mukati mebhokisi rematch uye iro raigara machisi uye kusiya chete muviri webhokisi. Kumativi ese maviri unoisa iwo ma reels nenzira yekuti iyo reel inogona kuyerera kubva kune imwe roll kuenda kune imwe ichipfuura nepakati pebhokisi uye kune rimwe divi rebhokisi iwe unocheka gomba kuti uwedzere iyo simbi sheet ...

CHITATU 3: Isai lens uye shutter

Chiise jira simbi kumeso kwemukati kwebhokisi yakagadzirwa nemakadhibhokisi (mufananidzo 1), igadzirise netepi yemagetsi (mufananidzo 2) mukati, uine chokwadi chekuti haufukidze gomba riri pakati. Ipapo tichaisa shutter yedu yekumba kunze (mufananidzo 3), tinogona kungoshandisa chidimbu che tepi inodzivirira iyo inovhara zvakakwana mwenje unopfuura nepaburi resimbi. Iwe unogona kushandisa chidimbu chekadhibhodhi chakafukidzwa netepi nhema uye unachisungirire pamativi netepi iyi. Fukidza yakawanda simbi pamusoro paunogona netiipi kuti udzivise kuratidzika.

isa iyo shutter inonamira panzvimbo yepazasi, uye saka kana iwe ukaivhura ichave yakarembera nehuremu hwayo. Kana iwe ukaiisa munzvimbo yepamusoro iwe uchafanirwa kugara uchiibata panguva yekuratidzira nguva uye inogona kusanzwisisika. Rangarira zvakare kuti kana iyo tepi ikarasikirwa neglue uye isingachabatike, unofanirwa kuivandudza. Kana kana iwe uchida, iwe unogona kushandisa imwe yechigarire chishandiso senge hinge diki uye yakanyanya kushanda kuvharwa kwehuni kana kugadzirwa neiyo 3D printa, nezvimwe.

Imwe pfungwa kushandisa kadhibhodhi jira rine buri kupfuudza mufananidzo kune jira resimbi, semumifananidzo iri pamusoro. Tepa magumo ekadhibhodhi kumutumbi webhokisi unonamira paburi neiyo yesimbi sheet uye wobva wadambura kabhodhi rakatemwa ratingaisa pakati pekabhodhi rakapetwa uye jira kuti tivhare kana kuvhura shutter yedu zvakanaka.

STEPI 4: Isa pepa remifananidzo kana spool

pepa rekupikisa

Ino ndiyo nguva yekuisa izvo zvinhu zvatiri kuzotora mufananidzo. Kana ari mumwe vanodzungunyika, Isa chipenga chitsva parutivi rwebhokisi. Unofanirwa kushanda murima kuti zvisazoburitswa. Bvisa chidimbu chereel unamatire kune reel rakasakara kana rekare, kuti iwe ugone kushandura reel rekare kuti ubvise reel nyowani kuitira kuti ipfuure nepakati penzvimbo iyo ichazodhindwa pamwe nemwenje unopinda kuburikidza nekuvhurwa kweiyo ndiro.

Ndiri kureva, unofanira tevedzera maitiro ekamera yakajairwa, uchisiya reel nyowani parutivi, uchipfuura chimedu chereel nepakati penzvimbo yemakadhibhokisi bhokisi uye kune imwe mugumo shandisa isina reel rekare senzira yekuumburuka uye kupfuudza reel nyowani sezvaunotora mifananidzo ... Unogona kushandisa mahwendefa maviri anoshandiswa kuvhura makani ezvinwiwa semabatiro kune rimwe nerimwe reel uye ari kunze kwekadhibhokisi bhokisi kuti ukwanise kutenderedza kubva kunze ... Rangarira kuti mwenje haufanire kupinda.

Mune kesi yekushandisa bepa remifananidzo, maitiro acho achave akafanana, chete kuti iwe uchafanirwa kunamatira bepa kumeso kumeso kumeso kwebhokisi, ndokuti, inopesana neiyo ine ndiro kuti mwenje ubaye bepa kana spool zvakananga uye nekudaro inogona nyora.

STEPI 5: Vhara bhokisi

Vhara chivharo chebhokisi kana zvese zvinhu zvave panzvimbo. Rangarira kudzivirira kurega mwenje mukati kuitira kuti iyo firimu isazviburitse pachayo kana kukanganisa mifananidzo. Kana iyo muvharo ikasavhara zvakanaka, shandisa tepi yemagetsi kuvhara zvisipo.

Maitiro ekutora mufananidzo:

Pinhole kamera pikicha

Para Tora mufananidzo, zviri nyore, ingo tevera aya matanho:

  1. Isa iyo pinhole kamera pane nzvimbo yakatsiga uye yakati sandara yakanangana nenzvimbo kana chero chaunoda kutora. Iwe unogona kunyange kutora katatu kuti uende nayo chero kwaunoda. Izvo zvakakosha kuti iwe wakanyatso nyarara nekuda kwekunzwa kwerudzi urwu rwekhamera, zvikasadaro pikicha haizobuda zvakanaka.
  2. Zvino kunouya kwakaomesesa, nekuti uchafanirwa kuyedza ndeipi nguva yakakwana yekuratidzira zvako. Kune makamera anoshandisawo pepa rekutora mifananidzo panzvimbo pemapikicha emifananidzo. Panyaya yemapepa ekutora mifananidzo, iyo yekuburitsa nguva inogona kunge iri maminetsi mashoma, asi mune zvemufirimu inokurumidza uye masekondi mashoma anokwana. Ndokunge, ndinokuraira kuti utange waedza mimwe mifananidzo kutanga uye uone kana uchigadzira iyo inotaridzika zvirinani. Nyora pabepa nguva dzawatora kune imwe neimwe uyezve, iyo yakabuda zvakanakisa, unenge watoziva kuti yakanyanya kunaka nguva yekuburitsa. Rangarira kuti zvinoenderana neiyo ISO yemufirimu kana reel, inogona zvakare kuchinja. Semuenzaniso, kune ISO 400 inogona kuenda kubva pamasekonzi maviri kusvika gumi nemaviri, nepo kune ISO 2 inogona kuwedzerwa nemana, kureva kuti, kubva pamasekonzi masere kusvika makumi mana nemasere, zvichingodaro. Ini ndinokuraira kuti edza zvakare mwenje wakasiyana, semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukatora pikicha kunze haizove yakafanana neyemukati kana kana paine maratidziro, nezvimwewo, sezvo pakawedzera mwenje uripo, ipfupi nguva yekuratidzira ichave iri. Ndicho chikonzero nei iwo masekonzi emasekondi achisiyana zvichienderana nemwenje wepakati. Chiratidziro chinoitwa sei? Ona nhanho 12 ...
  3. Chiratidziro chinoitwa zvakapusa kuvhura iyo shutter kurovera izvo zvatakasika kurega mwenje upinde nepaburi mune jira simbi iyo yatakasika nekupurinda pane iyo mifananidzo spool. Iwe unofanirwa kuchenjerera kuti usazununguse kana kuzungunusa kamera. Kana iwe uchida kuwedzera mifananidzo yakawanda pachikamu chimwe chete cheiyo firimu, ndiko kuti, pamufananidzo mumwe chete, unogona kusiya iyo firimu sezvairi uye kuvhara shutter, kunongedza kune mumwe mufananidzo waunoda kutora uye kuisa pamusoro peiyo yapfuura , vhura shutter uye dzoka kuti umirire nguva yekuratidzira. Asi yeuka kuti zvakakosha kuivhara usati waendesa kamera kune inotevera tarisiro ...
  4. Mushure mekuratidzwa nguva, vhara shutter kurova zvakare. Mufananidzo wacho unofanirwa kunge watotorwa pane iyo spool kana pepa rekupikisa.
  5. Iwe unogona kushandisa reel mipumburu kuenda ichimonera reel nyowani kune yechinyakare yatichashandisa sedhodhi uye nekudaro fambisa kutora pikicha nyowani kana uchida.
  6. Paunenge uchinge washandisa iyo itsva reel, unogona zvibudise pachena mune yekutora mifananidzo kana kuendesa kune anotora mifananidzo kuti uzviite, kana iwe usina imba ine rima uye zvese zvaunoda ...

Uye uchave neyako mifananidzo yakagadzirira...

Nzira yekukudziridza mafoto?

nzvimbo yekuzivisa

Kana iwe uchida gadzira iwo mafoto uri wega, uye kwete kuiraira kubva kune nyanzvi yekutora mifananidzo, unogona kana iwe uine zvinotevera zvinhu zvaunowana mune akasarudzika mafoto zvitoro:

  • Imba yerima ine mwenje mutsvuku kudzivirira budiriro sevashandisi vemifananidzo. Inogona zvakare kuve mwenje we LED senge iwo emwenje yekuchengetedza, nezvimwe.
  • Anowedzera
  • Makemikari midziyo
  • Makemikari (anovandudza mvura, mvura sekumira yekugezesa, uye inogadzirisa)
  • Clothesline uye clip kuturika iwo mafoto
  • Matauro kana mamvemve
  • Shizha regirazi

Maitiro e zvakaratidzwa:

  1. Enda kuimba yerima yekuvandudza.
  2. Zadza mudziyo une anenge maviri masendimita ekuvandudza, imwe iine huwandu hwakaenzana hwemvura, uye imwe nemhinduro yekugadzirisa.
  3. Iye zvino tinotora firimu kunze kwekamera yedu. Rangarira kuti chero chena mwenje ichaparadza iyo mifananidzo.
  4. Uine enlarger unogona kuendesa zvisizvo papepa rekutora mifananidzo uchisarudza yakakodzera f kuti ubudise maronda ekupenya kwakasiyana. Kana iwe ukashandisa pepa remifananidzo zvakananga kune yako pini kamera panzvimbo pefirimu, unogona kusvetuka danho iri.
  5. Immerse, nerubatsiro rwezvimedu kuitira kuti urege kuibata, bepa remifananidzo mugadziri wemvura. Fambisa mudziyo zvishoma kuitira kuti mvura irambe ichibva pamusoro zvakanaka. Paunenge iwe ukaona iyo mufananidzo ichioneka, unogona kuibvisa. Ramba uchifunga kuti mune yakajeka imba, mufananidzo uchaonekwa wakasviba zvishoma pane zvaunoita mune yerima mukamuri.
  6. Nezvimedu, bvisa pikicha kana mufananidzo wacho watove kuoneka mairi woiisa mumudziyo nemvura, ndiko kuti, kuti ugeze wakamira. Mvura inofanira kunge iri kutonhorera.
  7. Ipapo isu tinoshandisa tweezers zvakare uye kupfuudza iyo pikicha kune mudziyo pamwe neyekugadzirisa. Tichazvisiya ipapo kwemaminetsi maviri.
  8. Sukurudza pikicha zvakare nemvura yeimwe 2 min.
  9. Sungirira pikicha pane tambo yehembe nembatya dzekupfeka kubva kukona imwe uye mirira kuti iome zvachose. Kuti ikurumidze kuita iwe unogona kushandisa chinomesa bvudzi.
  10. Dzokorora maitiro neese mapikicha aunoda kukudziridza ...

Kana basa racho rangoitwa, unogona kubatidza mwenje wakajairwa mumba uye wapedza nebasa rako.

Source:

Mirayiridzo - Nzira yekugadzira Pinhole Camera


Mhinduro, siya zvako

Siya yako yekutaura

Your kero e havazobvumirwi ichibudiswa. Raida minda anozivikanwa ne *

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  1. Inotarisira iyo data: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Chinangwa cheiyo data: Kudzora SPAM, manejimendi manejimendi.
  3. Legitimation: Kubvuma kwako
  4. Kutaurirana kwedata
  5. Dhata yekuchengetedza: Dhatabhesi inobatwa neOccentus Networks (EU)
  6. Kodzero: Panguva ipi neipi iwe unogona kudzora, kupora uye kudzima ruzivo rwako

  1.   Javier akadaro

    Kangani pandinotenderedza spool isina chinhu kuti ndikwanise kutora foto inotevera?