Maitiro ekutarisa capacitor

ari ma capacitors anongoitika zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinokwanisa kuchengetedza simba remagetsi. Vanozviita nekuda kwemunda wemagetsi. Ipapo vanozoburitsa simba rakachengetwa padiki nepadiki, ndiko kuti, kana tikarifananidza ne hydraulic system ivo vangangoita semvura inoiswa Pano chete haisi mvura asi muripo, maerekitironi ...

Kuti uchengetedze simba, nzvimbo mbiri dzinoitisa ayo anowanzo kuvezwa machira, saka iyo cylindrical chimiro. Pakati pemahwendefa ese ari maviri akapindirwa jira redeelectric kana dura. Iri rinovhara pepa rakakosha kuti uone kubhadharisa iyo capacitor nehunhu hwayo, nekuti kana isina kukwana inogona kupetwa uye kuyerera kwazvino kubva kune rimwe chete pepa inoenda kune imwe.

Asi chii chinoitika kana chatoiswa kana kana iwe uchida kutarisa kana chiri kushanda nemazvo?

Tarisa capacitor

Kana uchinge wasarudza iyo kana kuve nayo ichishanda mudunhu, imwe chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha kuziva kuziva kutarisa. Kune izvo kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekuziva kana chimwe chinhu chikaitika kune capacitor:

• Olfactory / yekuyera bvunzo: Dzimwe nguva, kana iwe uri wehunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvemagetsi, hwema husina kutsva hwekupisa kana kuongorora kunoonekwa zvakakwana kuti uzive kana dunhu rakakuvara.
  • Kuzvimba: kana capacitor iine dambudziko zvinowanzooneka. Iwo ma capacitors anozvimba uye anogona kuonekwa neziso rakashama sezvaungaona mumufananidzo uri pamusoro. Dzimwe nguva iko kungozvimba, dzimwe nguva kunogona kunge kuri kuzvimba kuchiperekedzwa ne electrolyte inodonha. Chero zvazvingaitika, izvo zvinoratidza kuti iyo capacitor yakaipa.
  • Nzvimbo dzakasviba pane vaunosangana kana ndiro- Nzvimbo ine rima padhuze neyavanosangana navo kana pane rakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi uko iyo capacitor inotengeswa inogona kukonzera matambudziko.
• Edza ne multimeter kana multimeter: bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzinogona kuitwa ...
  • Kugona bvunzo: Unogona kucherechedza iyo capacitance yeiyo capacitor uye nekuisa iyo multimeter mune basa rekuyera kugona pamwero wakakodzera. Wobva waisa bvunzo inotungamira ye multimeter pane maviri mabatanidziro eiyo capacitor uye uone kana kukosha kwacho kwakaverengwa kuri padyo kana kuenzana neanogona capacitor, ipapo ichave iri mune yakanaka mamiriro. Kumwe kuverenga kunoratidza dambudziko. Rangarira kuti tambo tsvuku inofanira kuenda kune yakanyanya kureba pini yeiyo capacitor uye tambo nhema kune ipfupi kana iri polar capacitor, kana ichibva kune vamwe hazvina basa kuti sei.
  • Pfupi redunhu bvunzo: Kuti uzive kana ipfupi, unogona kuisa iyo multimeter mu mode kuyera kuramba. Iwe unofanirwa kuiisa mune yakawanda ye1K kana kupfuura. Iwe unobatanidza iyo tsvuku kune iyo refu refu terminal kana iri polar capacitor, uye iyo nhema kune ipfupi. Iwe unowana kukosha. Dzinga bvunzo inotungamira. Wobva waivhara zvakare mukati uye nyora pasi zvakare kana rangarira kukosha kwayo. Ita bvunzo seiyi kakawanda. Iwe unofanirwa kuwana zviyero zvakaenzana kana zviri mumamiriro akanaka.
  • Kwayedza ne voltmeter: isa basa rekuyera magetsi. Chaja iyo capacitor nebhatiri, semuenzaniso. Izvo hazvina basa kuti inobhadhariswa pazasi voltage. Semuenzaniso, iyo 25v capacitor inogona kubhadhariswa ne9v bhatiri, asi usapfuure iyo yakatarwa nhamba kana iwe uchaityora. Kana uchinge wabhadhariswa, edza iwo matipi mu voltmeter modhi kuti uone kana ichiona muripo. Kana zvirizvo, zvichave zvakanaka. Vamwe vanoita bvunzo vasingashandisi multimeter, vachiisa tip ye screwdriver pakati pematerminal maviri eiyo capacitor uye vachiona kana ichiburitsa spark mushure mekuchaja, kunyangwe izvi zvisina kukurudzirwa ...
• Kune zvedongo capacitors: mune izvi zviitiko zvinogona kunge zvisiri pachena sekune vamwe panenge paine dambudziko. Izvi hazvizvimbe. Nekudaro, iyo bvunzo yakafanana.
  • Polymeter mukuita kuyera kuramba: Unogona kuyedza chero matipi pane chero pini dzayo zvedongo capacitor. Nekuda kweiyo yakaderera capacitance yeaya ma capacitors, inofanirwa kunge iri pachiyero che1M ohm kana zvakadaro. Kana iri mune yakanaka mamiriro, inofanirwa kuratidza kukosha pane iyo skrini uye kudonha nekukurumidza. Kudonha kunogona kuonekwa kana kukosha kwacho kusingawire munzira yese kusvika zero kana padyo ne zero.
  • Capacitor muedzo: kana iwe uine mudziyo werudzi urwu kana iwe uchigona kuyera masimba pa picoFarads sikero sezvinoita ma capacitors aya, unogona kuyedza kuichaja uye uone kana ichiunganidza chibharo kuti utarise hutano hwako. Kana iri chinzvimbo chiri padyo kana chakaenzana neicho chakamisikidzwa pane iyo capacitor, zvichave zvakanaka.

Dudzira data rakawanikwa

Aya ndiwo mabvunzo akajairika anogona kuitwa, asi kuti uzive madudziro aunowana, iwe unofanirwa kuziva iyo matambudziko ayo aya ma capacitors anowanzotambura:

• Kutyoka: ndipo painopfupikiswa. Iyo capacitor inotambura kubva padambudziko iri kana zita rezita rekumira voltage kukosha kwadarika uye kutsemuka kwakaitika pakati penzvimbo dzayo dzinozvibatanidza nemagetsi. Kana avhareji yekupikisa yakaenzana kana kuti padyo ne zero inoratidza kubuda. Kuramba kweakakuvadzwa capacitor kunenge kusatombodarika ma2 ohms.
• Corte: kana imwe kana pini pese kana vanobatana vakadamburwa kubva kuzvombo. Mune ino kesi, kana uchiedza kurodha uyezve kuyera mutoro, kukosha kwacho kuchaenzana zero. Zviri pachena, nekuti haina kuiswa.
• Kukanganisa mune dielectric matete: Kana iwo mutoro usina kukwana, izvo hazvingatemwe, zvinogona kuratidza kuora. Chimwe chikonzero chekufungidzira kuti pane dambudziko nemidziyo yekudzivirira ndeyekuyera kukosha kwekuwedzera kwemazaya ekuyeresa. Kune izvo, kana iwe uchiraja iyo capacitor uye kuyera iyo voltage, iwe uchaona kuti inoderera zvishoma nezvishoma. Kana iwe uchizviita nekukurumidza, zvinoratidza kuti iyo yekuzadza mafashama akakwirira.
• vamwe- Dzimwe nguva iyo capacitor inotaridzika zvakanaka, yakapasa bvunzo dzese pamusoro, asi kana tikazviisa mudunhu hazvishande zvakanaka. Kana isu tichiziva kuti izvo zvimwe zvinhu zvakanaka saka zvinogona kuva dambudziko rakaoma zvikuru kuona mune yedu capacitor. Zvingave zvakanaka kana iwe ukaongororawo tembiricha inosvika panguva yekushanda ...

Capacitor mhando

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze capacitor. Kuziva kwavari kwakanakira kuziva kuti ndeipi yaunoda mune imwe neimwe kesi. Kunyangwe paine mamwe marudzi, chinonyanya kufadza kune vanoita uye DIY ndeaya:

• Mica condenser: Mica yakanaka insulator, ine yakaderera kurasikirwa, inomira yakanyanya tembiricha uye haina kudzikisira neiyo oxidation kana mwando. Naizvozvo, ivo vakanakira kumwe kunyorera uko mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza asiri akanakisa.
• Pepa capacitor: zvakachipa, nekuti vanoshandisa wakisi kana bepa rakabikwa kuita sekudzivirira. Ivo anowanzo kubayiwa nyore, ichigadzira zambuko pakati pemaviri trasiti trusses. Asi nhasi kune ekuzvirapa ekuzvidzivirira, ndiko kuti, akagadzirwa nemapepa asi ayo anokwanisa kugadziridzwa kana apetwa. Izvo zvakanaka kune akawanda mafomu. Kana yabayiwa, iyo yakakwira yazvino kuwanda pakati pezvombo zvinonyungudutsa hutete hutete hwealuminium iyo yakakomberedza iyo pfupi-redunhu nzvimbo, nokudaro kumisazve kumisikidza ...
• Electrolytic capacitor: Ndiyo mhando yakakosha yezvakawanda zvinoshandiswa, kunyange zvisingakwanise kushandiswa nekuchinjisa ikozvino. Zvichienderera mberi uye chenjera kuti usadzosere kuvadzora, nekuti izvi zvinoparadza iyo insulating oxide uye inogadzira pfupi dunhu. Izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukwira kwetembiricha, kupisa, uye kunyange kuputika. Mukati merudzi urwu rwema capacitors iwe unogona kuwana akati wandei madiki zvichienderana neelectrolyte inoshandiswa, senge aruminiyamu uye boric acid kunyungudika electrolyte (inobatsira zvakanyanya kumagetsi nemidziyo yekuteerera); izvo zvetantalum ine yakanakisa kugona / vhoriyamu chiyero; uye iwo akasarudzika bipolar ekuchinjisa zvazvino (iwo haana kudaro kazhinji).
• Polyester kana Mylar capacitor: vanoshandisa machira matete epolyester pane iyo aruminiyamu inoiswa kuti vagadzire nhumbi dzokurwa. Aya machira akarongedzwa kuti agadzire sangweji. Mimwe misiyano zvakare inoshandisa polycarbonate uye polypropylene.
• Polystyrene condenser: inozivikanwa seStyroflex kubva kuNokia. Izvo zvakagadzirwa zvepurasitiki uye zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mundima yeredhiyo.
• Ceramic capacitors: Ivo vanoshandisa ceramics se dielectrics. Yakanaka kuti ishandiswe nema microwaves uye akasiyana mafuru.
• Variable capacitors: vane nharembozha yekushandisa kusiyanisa dielectric, ichibvumira kuunza yakawanda kana shoma kubhadharisa. Ndokunge, iwo anotaridzika kunge akasiyana resistor kana potentiometers.

Kugona:

Chimwe chinhu chinosiyanisa imwe capacitor kubva kune imwe ndeye kugona, ndiko kuti, huwandu hwesimba ravanogona kuchengeta mukati. Inoyerwa muFaradads. Kazhinji mumamifirifadhi kana microfarad, sezvo huwandu hwesimba hunonyanya kuchengetwa hudiki. Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti kune mamwe ma capacitor ekushandisa kwemaindasitiri ane hukuru hwakakura uye kugona.

Kuti utarise huremo, une mashoma Ruvara uye / kana nhamba dzemakodhi, sezvazviri kune vanopikisa. Pane mawebhusaiti evagadziri iwe unowana madhatashiti uye ruzivo nezve iyo capacitor yawakatenga. Kune mamwe zvakare anoshanda webhu webhu, senge uyu anobva apa mauri kuisa iyo kodhi uye iyo inotarisa kugona.

Asi iyo muganho wema capacitors haufanire kukuganhurira. Ndiri kureva kuti vanogona kuvharirwa mukati yakafanana kana serial kunge resistors. Saivo, iwe unowana imwe yekugona kana imwe nekubatanidza akati wandei avo. Kune zvakare web zviwanikwa kuverenga huwandu hwakazara hunowanikwa mukufanana uye munhevedzano.

Kana zvabatanidzwa zvakafanana, zvinowedzera zvakananga kugona kukosha mune farads yeiyo capacitors. Ipo painenge yakabatana munhevedzano huwandu hwese hunowanikwa nekuwedzera kutenderera kwesimba remumwe neumwe capacitor. Ndokunge, 1 / C1 + 1 / C2 +… yeavo vese ma capacitors aripo, neC iri kugona kweumwe neumwe. Ndokunge, sekuona kwako kuri kupikisa kweanopikisa, kuti kana ari akateedzana anowedzera uye kana iwo ari akafanana ndiko kupesana kwemauto avo (1 / R1 + 1 / R2 +…).

Ndeupi wandinofanira kutenga?

Kana iwe ukafunga kuita gadzira chirongwa icho chauri kuzoshandisa ma capacitors, kana uchinge uine dhizaini uye iwe uchinyatso kuziva zvaunoda, kana iwe uchida kugadzira magetsi, firita, shandisa iwo ne555 yenguva, nezvimwe, zvinoenderana nekuverenga kwawakaita uye zvichienderana nezvaunoda kuti uwane, iwe unozoda chinzvimbo kana chimwe.

• Unoda huwandu hwakadii? Zvichienderana nedunhu raunoda iwe unenge waverenga imwe kana imwe yacho (zvakare funga kana uchizowana zvinopfuura imwechete zvakabatanidzwa munhevedzano kana zvakafanana). Zvichienderana nekwanisi, unogona kusefa chete izvo zvinokugutsa.
• Uri kuenda kunoshanda neakanaka uye asina kunaka ma voltages kana neimwe inowirirana yazvino? Kana iwe uchizoshandisa akasiyana polarizations kana kuchinjisa zvazvino, zvirinani shandisa zvedongo capacitor kana imwe isina kuiswa polarized kuti urege kuiputsa kana iwe ukachinja iyo polarity.
• Iwe unoda kurega chete kuchinjisa ikozvino kupfuura? Wobva wasarudza yakakwira capacitance capacitor, ndiko kuti, imwe isiri yekeramiki, senge electrolytic iya.
• Iwe unoda chete yakananga ikozvino kuti ipfuure nepakati? Iwe unogona kuisa iyo capacitor mukufanana kune pasi (GND).
• Magetsi akawanda zvakadii? MaCapacitors anomira nemagetsi muganho. Ongorora zvakanaka voltage yauri kuenda kunoshanda uye sarudza iyo capacitor iyo inogona kushanda mune imwe nhanho yaunoda. Usasarudze imwe iri pamuganhu, nekuti chero spike inogona kuishatisa. Zvakare, kana iwe uine marginal, hauzoshanda zvakaoma, uye nekushanda zvakanyanya wakasununguka unogara kwenguva refu.

Sei sarudza ramangwana rako capacitor.