Kuongorora transistor: yakatsanangurwa nhanho nhanho

Imwe nguva yapfuura isu takaburitsa dzidziso pamusoro pekuti iwe ungagone sei chengetedza capacitors. Zvino yave nguva yeumwe zvakakosha zvemagetsi chikamu, zviri sei izvi. Pano iwe unogona kuona kuti sei tarisa transistor yakatsanangurwa zvakapusa uye nhanho nhanho, uye iwe unogona kuzviita nemidziyo seyakajairika seyakawanda.

ari transistors anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune yakawanda yemagetsi uye emagetsi macircuit ekudzora neiyi solid state mudziyo. Naizvozvo, uchipiwa mawaniro avakaita, zvirokwazvo uchasangana nezviitiko zvaunofanira kuzvitarisa ...

Zvandinoda?

Kana uchitova nazvo multimeter yakanaka, kana multimeter, ndizvo zvese zvaunoda kuti uedze transistor yako. Hongu, izvi Multimeter inofanirwa kuve nebasa kuyedza transistors. Mazhinji emamirimita emadhijitari anhasi ane chimiro ichi, kunyangwe iwo akadhura. Nayo unogona kuyera NPN kana PNP bipolar transistors kuti uone kana zvisina kukwana.

Kana iri yako kesi, iwe unongofanirwa kuisa iwo matatu mapini eiyo transistor mune iyo socket ye multimeter iyo yakaratidzirwa kwayo, uye kumisikidza iye anosarudza pane iyo hFE chinzvimbo kuyera pfuma. Saka iwe unogona kuwana kuverenga uye kutarisa dhatashiti kana ichienderana neicho chainofanira kupa.

Matanho ekutarisa bipolar transistor

Nehurombo, kwete ese ma multimeter ane iro rakareruka chimiro, uye ku zviedze neimwe nzira yechinyorwa nechero multimeter iwe uchafanirwa kuzviita zvakasiyana, neiyo «Diode» bvunzo basa.

1. Chinhu chekutanga kubvisa transistor kubva mudunhu kuti uwane kuverenga kuri nani. Kana chiri chinhu chisati chatengeswa, unogona kusevha nhanho iyi.
2. Muedzo Base kuna Anoburitsa:
   1. Unganidza iyo yakanaka (tsvuku) lead yeiyo multimeter kune base (B) yeiyo transistor, uye yakaipa (nhema) inotungamira kune emitter (E) yeiyo transistor.
   2. Kana iri NPN transistor mune yakanaka mamiriro, iyo mita inofanirwa kuratidza kudonha kwemagetsi pakati pe0.45V ne0.9V.
   3. Muchiitiko chePNP, mavambo OL (Pamusoro peMuganhu) anofanirwa kuonekwa pachiratidziri.
3. Muedzo Base kuna Collector:
   1. Unganidza iyo inotungamira inotungamira kubva kune multimeter kusvika kune base (B), uye yakashata inotungamira kune iye muunganidzi (C) weiyo transistor.
   2. Kana iri NPN mune yakanaka mamiriro, icharatidza kudonha kwemagetsi pakati pe0.45v ne0.9V.
   3. Mukana wekuve PNP, ipapo OL ichaonekwa zvakare.
4. Muedzo Anoburitsa kuBase:
   1. Unganidza iyo chaiyo tambo kune iyo emitter (E) uye yakashata waya kune base (B).
   2. Kana iri NPN mune yakakwana mamiriro icharatidza OL panguva ino.
   3. Panyaya yePNP, kudonha kwe0.45v uye 0.9V kwaizoratidzwa.
5. Muedzo Muteresi kuBase:
   1. Unganidza iyo yakanaka yeiyo multimeter kumuteresi (C) uye yakashata kune base (B) yeiyo transistor.
   2. Kana iri NPN, inofanirwa kuoneka pane OL skrini kuratidza kuti zvakanaka.
   3. Kana paine PNP, kudonha kunofanira kuve 0.45V uye 0.9V kana zvakanaka.
6. Muedzo Muteresi kuna Emitter:
   1. Unganidza tambo tsvuku kune muunganidzi (C) uye iyo nhema tambo kune emitter (E).
   2. Kunyangwe iri NPN kana PNP iri mumamiriro akakwana, zvaizoratidza OL pachiratidziri.
   3. Kana iwe ukadzorera waya, iyo yakanaka pane emitter uye isina kunaka kune muunganidzi, zvese paPNP neNPN, inofanirawo kuverenga OL.

Chero kuyerwa kwakasiyana izvo, kana zvikaitwa nemazvo, zvicharatidza kuti transistor yakaipa. Iwe zvakare unofanirwa kufunga nezve chimwe chinhu, uye izvo ndezvekuti bvunzo idzi dzinongoona kana iyo transistor ine pfupi dunhu kana yakavhurika, asi kwete mamwe matambudziko. Naizvozvo, kunyangwe ikavapfuura, iyo transistor inogona kunge iine rimwe dambudziko rinodzivirira kushanda kwayo kwakaringana.

FET transistor

Panyaya yekuve a FET transistor, uye kwete bipolar imwe, saka unofanirwa kutevedzera aya mamwe matanho nedhijitari yako kana analogog multimeter:

1. Isa multimeter yako mune diode bvunzo basa, sepakutanga. Wobva waisa dema (-) ongororo pane iyo Drain terminal, uye iyo tsvuku (+) probe pane Source Source. Mhedzisiro yacho inofanirwa kuve kuverenga kwe513mv kana zvakafanana, zvinoenderana nerudzi rweFET. Kana kuverenga kusingawanikwe, ichave yakavhurwa uye kana iri yakaderera zvikuru ichave ipfupi-kutenderera.
2. Pasina kubvisa tip nhema kubva muchaini, isa tsvuku tsvuku paGedhi terminal. Ikozvino bvunzo haifanire kudzosa chero kuverenga. Kana ikaratidza chero mhedzisiro pachiratidziri, ipapo pachave nekudonha kana pfupi dunhu.
3. Isa chipini mutsime, uye iro dema rinosara richiyerera. Izvi zvichaedza iyo Drain-Source junction nekuimisikidza uye kuwana kuverenga kwakaderera kweinosvika 0.82v. Kuti iite kuti transistor isashande, zviteshi zvayo zvitatu (DGS) zvinofanirwa kunge zvakapfupikiswa, uye ichadzoka kubva ku state kuenda kune idle state.

Nezvo, iwe unogona kuyedza FET-mhando transistors, seMOSFETs. Rangarira kuve nehunyanzvi hunhu kana dhatabheti yeizvi kuziva kana tsika dzaunowana dzakaringana, sezvo zvichisiyana maererano nerudzi rwe transistor ...