La inopisa mafuta chinhu chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu nyika yemagetsi. Kazhinji sechiratidziro chekuvandudza kupisa kupisa pakati pepamusoro-inoshanda kugadzirisa machipisi uye heatsinks. Asi haisi iyo chete nzvimbo iyo inoshandiswa, inogonawo kushandiswa kune yakakwirira simba transistors, kusvika peltier effect plates, Etc.
Munyaya ino uchaziva chii chaizvo chinhu ichi, basa rayo, kuti rinoshandiswa sei nemazvo, mhando dziripo pamusika uye mhando dzakanakisa dzaungatenga.
Chii chinonzi thermal paste?
Inogona kudanwa nenzira dzakawanda: thermal paste, thermal silicone, thermal girisi, nezvimwewo. Mazwi ese aya anofanana, uye hapana musiyano pakati pawo. Zvinoreva chinhu chine yakanaka thermal conductivity properties kubatsira kufambisa kupisa zvirinani kana paine chinongedzo pakati penzvimbo mbiri. Semuenzaniso, kana heatsink inoshandiswa pane chip, kuzadza "magapu" anogona kunge ari pakati peimwe nzvimbo uye imwe uye nokudaro kuita kuti conduction ibudirire.
Thermal paste ine zvinhu zvakasiyana mairi kuumbwa:
- Polymerzable liquid matrix: ndiyo hwaro hwenamira, iyo inoita kuti ive chinhu chinoyerera. Kazhinji, marudzi aya emajerosi kana mapetesi anowanzovakirwa pasilicones (saka zita ravo), epoxy resins, acrylates, urethanes, nezvimwewo, uye anogona kurongedzerwa mune zvinonamira kana mapedhi pane mune paste fomu.
- Particles: mafiritsi aya anowanzo miririra pakati pe70 ne80% yekuumbwa kweanopisa paste. Muchiitiko ichi, vanogona kunge vakasiyana-siyana, semhangura, aluminium, sirivha, zinc oxide, boron nitride, nezvimwewo.
Nekuda kwese kuumbwa uku, iyi inopisa paste inogona kuve chepfu kana ikamedzwa. Naizvozvo, kuchenjerera kunofanirwa kutorwa paunenge uchiishandisa, geza maoko kana wakabatwa pasina magirovhosi uye dzivisa kuisiya mukati mevana. Uye zvakare, inoshatirisa ganda, maziso, uye mucous membranes, saka iwe unofanirwa kushandisa zvinhu zvekudzivirira paunenge uchibata. Mamwe matutorials evhidhiyo anoratidza mashandisiro avanoita kunyangwe nemaoko, asi izvi hazvifanirwe kuitwa.
Kana iwe uri pamberi pechinhu chitsva chemagetsi, uye usina chokwadi kana iwe uchikwanisa kushandisa thermal paste pamusoro payo kana kuti ndeipi yekushandisa, ndinokurudzira kuti ugare uchiverenga vagadziri datasheets. Mune zvinyorwa izvi iwe unowana ruzivo pamusoro pazvo, mukuwedzera kune izvo zvinodikanwa zvekuparadza, simba, yakanyanya uye shoma tembiricha inotsigirwa, kukosha kwakadai sejunction-kesi, junction-mhepo, nezvimwe.
Propiedades
Thermal paste haina chete dzimba yemafuta conductivity, asiwo vamwe, uye zvinodikanwa kuti utarise zvakanyanya kwavari, sezvo ivo vaigona kugadzirisa kushandiswa zvinoenderana neapi emagetsi zvinhu. Ichi chinhu chinonyanya kuratidzwa ne:
- Thermal conductivity: Icho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha muhutu hunopisa, sezvo chiri chinhu chine chinangwa chokubvisa kupisa. Naizvozvo, ivo vanofanirwa kuve nekwaniso yakanaka yekuitisa kupisa. Mayuniti akadai sewatt pamita-Kelvin anoshandiswa kuyera chinhu ichi. Zvichienderana nemhando yepasta kana mhando, conductivity iyi inogona kusiyana zvikuru. Semuenzaniso, izvo zvemhangura, sirivha, diamond kana aluminium zvine zvinhu zvakanaka kwazvo munyaya iyi, zvimwe zvakadai se zinc oxide, aluminium nitride, nezvimwewo, kwete zvakanyanya.
- Electric conductivity: Inobatana neimwe yematambudziko anogona kukonzera thermal paste kana ichiita magetsi zvakanaka. Kazhinji, vagadziri vepasta vanowanzo ratidza kuramba kwemagetsi kunoratidzwa nechigadzirwa chavo. Iyo yakakwirira (ohms per centimeter), iyo iri nani insulator ichave, saka inogona kuva nani zvikuru. Kana iyo paste ine yakaderera kuramba uye ichiita zvakanaka saka inogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko edunhu mapfupi kana ikasangana nemamwe makwara kana mapini.
- Thermic dilatation coefficient: ndechimwe chikwata chekuteerera. Muchiitiko ichi, unofanirwa kutarisa paste iyo coefficient ndiyo yakaderera, kureva, kuitira kuti iwedzere zvishoma sezvinobvira nekupisa. Zvikasadaro, zvinogona kukonzera kusawirirana pakati pezvikamu.
Mhando dzekupisa mafuta
Kune akati wandei marudzi ekupisa pamusika, uye zvakakosha kusiyanisa pakati pemhinduro dzese dziripo kuti uzive kuti ndeupi wekusarudza mune imwe neimwe kesi, sezvo iwo ese ane zvakanaka nezvakaipa:
- Heating pad: Iyo inonamira kana padhi inoshanda seyekupisa conductive interface uye chinangwa chayo chakangofanana neanopisa paste, asi inogona kushandiswa zviri nyore, uye haisanganisi kudzora huwandu, kuve nechokwadi chekuti inowedzera homogeneous, nezvimwe. sezvo inongonamatira pamusoro pechikamu kuti chiparadzwe kana pane heatsink. Izvo zvinotengeswa zvakasiyana, kunyangwe ivowo vanowanzouya pre-yakaiswa mune mamwe mafiriji masisitimu kuti afambise kuungana. Aya anowanzo gadzirwa nesilicone kana parafini wakisi yakasanganiswa neakasimba conductive particles. Patembiricha yemumba dzinoita sedzakasimba, asi kana dzichishanda, dzinowedzera mvura.
- Thermal namatidza: ndiyo viscous liquid substance inotengeswa mumagaba ane bhurashi rekushandisa, machubhu kana majekiseni kuti zvishandiswe nyore. Mukati meiyi paste unogona kuwana anotevera marudzi:
- Zvesimbi: vanoshandisa metallic particles (zinc, mhangura, aluminium, sirivheri, goridhe ...) pakuzadza, uye kazhinji vane greyish ruvara. Dzinofarirwa zvikuru, uye hadzinyanyi kudhura. Vanozvibata zvakanaka maererano nekupisa kwekushisa, vachikwanisa kudzikisa tembiricha kusvika 6ºC mune dzimwe nguva. Zvisinei, vane dambudziko, uye ndiko conductivity yavo yemagetsi. Nezvikamu zvesimbi, inogona kupfupika-kutenderera pakati pematanho kana paine kuvuza.
- Ceramics: zvimedu zvekuzadza ndeye ceramic (zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, ...), ichipa grey kana chena mavara. Iyo yakasimba poindi yeaya anopisa silicones ndeyekuti iwo akachipa zvakanyanya uye ane yakaderera magetsi conductivity, saka iwo akachengetedzeka kana paine kudonha. Nekudaro, yavo yekupisa yekupisa yakawedzera, saka ivo vanongobatsira kudzikisa tembiricha 1 kusvika 3ºC zvichienzaniswa neiyo interface isingaishandise.
- Carbon: zvinodhura uye zvitsva, asi zvinopa zvibereko zviri nani. Iwo anowanzo kuitirwa masisitimu anoda yakanyanya kupisa kupisa, senge overclocked machipisi, yakakwirira-kuita kana yakakwirira-simba midziyo, nezvimwe. Iwo akavakirwa pane zvimedu zvakaita seguruva redhaimani, graphene oxide, nezvimwe. Muchiitiko ichi, zvivakwa zvinenge zvakakwana, sezvo kune rumwe rutivi vane yakanaka kwazvo yekupisa conductivity seyesimbi, uye kune imwe ine yakaderera zvikuru yemagetsi conductivity seyakeramics.
- Mvura yesimbi: Izvo hazvisi izvo zvakajairika, asi zvinowanzo shandiswa nevamwe vagadziri kana vanofarira zveheatsink zvidhinha zvekugadzirisa zvikamu nezvimwe. Kunyange zvazvo vane zvinhu zvakanaka zvekuparadza, kunyange zviri nani pane izvo zvinobva pasimbi, iyi imwe mhando inowanzodhura uye inogona kuita nealuminium heatsinks, sezvo vachishandisa simbi dzakadai se indium kana gallium.
- Mbeu dzakauchikwa: Kune zvakare mamwe mahybrid thermal pastes, kureva kuti, anosanganisa akasiyana mafirita sehwaro hwekuvandudza zvivakwa.
Chii chigadzirwa kutenga?
Kana iwe uchida kutenga chinopisa paste chigadzirwa, heano mamwe acho mhando dzakanakisa uye sarudzo zvaunowana pamusika:
- Thermal pads kana pads: ADWITS
- Hybrid thermal paste: Noctua NT-H1
- Ceramic: Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa.
- Yesimbi: Arctic Silver 5
- Carbon based: Inotonhorera Master MasterGel Mugadziri