Maitiro ekuvaka ruoko rwe robotic nemari shoma

Chokwadi vazhinji venyu makaona mumafirimu engano dzesainzi kuti musayendisiti kana geek ane ruoko rwerobhoti runodzora zvese uye runogona kutora zvinhu kana kuita mabasa sekunge munhu. Chimwe chinhu chiri kuramba chichigoneka nekuda kwe Hardware Libre uye Arduino Project. Asi chii chinonzi robhoti ruoko? Ndeapi mabasa ane gadget iyi? Robhoti ruoko rwakagadzirwa sei? Pazasi tichapindura mibvunzo iyi yese.

Chii chinonzi robotic ruoko

Ruoko rwemarobhoti ruoko rwechimakaniki rune chigadziko chemagetsi icho chinoita kuti chinyatsorongeka. Pamusoro pezvo, urwu rudzi rweruoko runogona kuve chinhu chimwe asi runogona zvakare kuve chikamu cherobhoti kana imwe marobhoti system Hunhu hwerobhoti ruoko uchienzaniswa nemamwe marudzi echimakanika zvinhu ndeekuti ruoko rwe robhoti rwunogadziridzwa zvizere asi rwese rwese mudziyo rwusiri. Iri basa rinotibvumidza isu kuva nerumwe robhoti ruoko rwekuita kwakasiyana siyana uye kuita akasiyana akasiyana uye akasiyana zviitiko, zviitiko zvinogona kuitwa nekuda kwemabhodhi emagetsi senge Arduino mabhodhi.

Mabasa erobhoti ruoko

Zvichida rinonyanya kukosha basa rerobhoti ruoko rwekubatsira. Mune kumwe kuvhiya tinoda ruoko rwechitatu runotsigira chimwe chinhu kuti munhu agone kuvaka kana kugadzira chimwe chinhu. Kune iri basa hapana chakakosha chirongwa chinodiwa uye isu tinongoda kudzima chishandiso pachacho.

Maoko eRobotic anogona kuvakwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana siyana zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kuushandisa kutsiva mashandiro ane njodzi sekunyengedza kwezvinhu zvinosvibisa zvemakemikari. Ruoko rwe robhoti runogona zvakare kutibatsira kuita mabasa anorema kana ayo anoda kumanikidzwa kwakaringana, chero bedzi ichivakwa nechinhu chakasimba uye chinoramba zvinhu.

Zvishandiso zvinodiwa pakuvakwa kwayo

Tevere isu tichaenda kukudzidzisa iwe nzira yekuvaka ruoko rwe robotic nenzira inokurumidza, yakapusa uye ine mari kune wese munhu. Nekudaro, ruoko rwemarobhoti urwu haruzove rwakasimba kana kubatsira semaoko atinoona mumamuvhi asi achazoshanda kudzidza nezvekushanda kwayo uye kuvakwa kwayo. Kuti, zvinhu zvatichada kuvaka mudziyo uyu:

1. Ndiro  Arduino UNO REV3 kana kupfuura.
2. Mabhodhi maviri ekuvandudza.
3. Makosi maviri akabatana akafanana
4. Maviri micro servos
5. Mbiri mbiri dzeanalog dzinowirirana
6. Jumper tambo dzemabhodhi ekuvandudza.
7. Adhesive tepi
8. Kadhibhodhi kana furo bhodhi yemastandi.
9. Acheka uye chigero.
10. Kushivirira kwakawanda.

Gungano

Kuungana kweiri ruoko rwe robotic kuri nyore. Kutanga isu tinofanirwa kucheka matenderedzwa maviri nefuro; imwe neimwe yeaya rectangles ichave zvikamu zverobhoti ruoko. Sezvauri kuona mumifananidzo, aya marange anofanirwa kunge ari saizi yatinoda, kunyange zvichikurudzirwa izvo saizi yeumwe wavo ndeye 16,50 x 3,80 cm. uye rectangle yechipiri ine saizi inotevera 11,40 x 3,80 cm.

Kana tangova nemakona, kumucheto kwechetechete imwe neimwe kana tambo isu tinoteedzera yega servomotor. Mushure mekuita izvi, isu tichacheka "U" yefuro. Izvi zvinoshanda sechikamu chakabata kana chinopera chikamu cheruoko, icho chemunhu chinenge chiri ruoko. Isu tichajoinha chidimbu ichi kune servomotor iri mune diki diki rectangle.

Iye zvino tinofanirwa kugadzira chikamu chepazasi kana chigadziko. Kune izvi isu tichaita zvakafanana maitiro: isu tichagura mraba wekupupa uye toisa iwo maviri akabatana servo motors muhupamhi senge iri mumufananidzo unotevera:

Iye zvino tinofanirwa kubatanidza mota dzese kuArduino bhodhi. Asi kutanga, isu tinofanirwa kubatanidza kubatana kune iro rekuvandudza bhodhi uye izvi kuArduino bhodhi. Tichabatanidza waya nhema kune iyo GND pini, iyo tsvuku tambo isu tichabatanidza kune 5V pini uye yero waya kune -11, -10, 4 uye -3. Tichabatanidza zvakare mufaro kana kudzora kweruoko rwe robhoti ku Arduino bhodhi, mune iyi kesi sekuratidzwa kwemufananidzo:

Kana tangove nezvose zvakabatana uye zvakaunganidzwa tinofanirwa kupfuudza chirongwa ichi kuArduino bhodhi, yatichazoda kubatanidza iyo Arduino bhodhi kune komputa kana laptop. Kana tangopfuudza chirongwa ichi kubhodhi reArduino, tinofanirwa kuona kuti batanidza tambo kuArduino bhodhi kunyangwe isu tichigona kugara tichienderera mberi nebhodhi rekuvandudza uye nekukatanura zvese, yekupedzisira kana isu tichingoda chete kuti idzidze.

Software inodiwa kuti ishandiswe

Kunyangwe zvichiratidzika kunge tapedza kuvaka ruoko rwe robhoti, chokwadi ndechekuti kuchine zvakawanda mberi uye chakanyanya kukosha chinhu. Kugadzira kana kugadzira chirongwa chinopa hupenyu kuruoko rwedu rwe robhoti sezvo pasina icho, ma servomotor aisazorega kuve akareruka mawachi maitiro anotenderera asina chinangwa.

Izvi zvinogadziriswa nekubatanidza iyo Arduino bhodhi kune komputa yedu uye isu tinovhura chirongwa Arduino IDE, tinobatanidza komputa kubhodhi uye tinonyora inotevera kodhi mune isina chinhu faira:

#include <Servo.h>

const int servo1 = 3;       // first servo

const int servo2 = 10;      // second servo

const int servo3 = 5;       // third servo

const int servo4 = 11;      // fourth servo

const int servo5 = 9;       // fifth servo

const int joyH = 2;        // L/R Parallax Thumbstick

const int joyV = 3;        // U/D Parallax Thumbstick

const int joyX = 4;        // L/R Parallax Thumbstick

const int joyP = 5;        // U/D Parallax Thumbstick

const int potpin = 0;      // O/C potentiometer

int servoVal;           // variable to read the value from the analog pin

Servo myservo1;  // create servo object to control a servo

Servo myservo2;  // create servo object to control a servo

Servo myservo3;  // create servo object to control a servo

Servo myservo4;  // create servo object to control a servo

Servo myservo5;  // create servo object to control a servo

void setup() {

// Servo

myservo1.attach(servo1);  // attaches the servo

myservo2.attach(servo2);  // attaches the servo

myservo3.attach(servo3);  // attaches the servo

myservo4.attach(servo4);  // attaches the servo

myservo5.attach(servo5);  // attaches the servo

// Inizialize Serial

Serial.begin(9600);

}

void loop(){

servoVal = analogRead(potpin);

servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 0, 179);

myservo5.write(servoVal);

delay(15);

// Display Joystick values using the serial monitor

outputJoystick();

// Read the horizontal joystick value  (value between 0 and 1023)

servoVal = analogRead(joyH);

servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 0, 180);     // scale it to use it with the servo (result  between 0 and 180)

myservo2.write(servoVal);                         // sets the servo position according to the scaled value

// Read the horizontal joystick value  (value between 0 and 1023)

servoVal = analogRead(joyV);

servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 70, 180);     // scale it to use it with the servo (result between 70 and 180)

myservo1.write(servoVal);                           // sets the servo position according to the scaled value

delay(15);                                       // waits for the servo to get there

// Read the horizontal joystick value  (value between 0 and 1023)

servoVal = analogRead(joyP);

servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 70, 180);     // scale it to use it with the servo (result between 70 and 180)

myservo4.write(servoVal);                           // sets the servo position according to the scaled value

delay(15);                                       // waits for the servo to get there

// Read the horizontal joystick value  (value between 0 and 1023)

servoVal = analogRead(joyX);

servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 70, 180);     // scale it to use it with the servo (result between 70 and 180)

myservo3.write(servoVal);                           // sets the servo position according to the scaled value

delay(15);                                       // waits for the servo to get there

/**

* Display joystick values

*/

void outputJoystick(){

Serial.print(analogRead(joyH));

Serial.print ("---");

Serial.print(analogRead(joyV));

Serial.println ("----------------");

Serial.print(analogRead(joyP));

Serial.println ("----------------");

Serial.print(analogRead(joyX));

Serial.println ("----------------");

}

Isu tinoichengeta uye mushure meizvozvo tinoitumira kune iyo ndiro Arduino UNO. Tisati tapedza nekodhi tichaita bvunzo dzakanangana kuti tione kuti zvifambiso zvinoshanda uye kuti kodhi haina kuratidza chero zvikanganiso.

Ini ndatoiisa kare, zvino chii?

Zvirokwazvo vazhinji venyu hamuna kutarisira rudzi urwu rwema robhoti ruoko, zvisinei hazvo rwakanaka nekuda kweiyo hwaro hwechiri icho, mutengo wainayo uye nzira yekudzidzisa maitiro ekugadzira robhoti. Kubva pano zvese ndezvedu zvekufunga. Ndokunge, tinogona kushandura zvinhu, iyo servo motors uye kunyange kupedzisa iyo programming kodhi. Izvo zvinopera pasina kutaura izvozvo futi Tinogona kushandura iyo Arduino bhodhi modhi kune iro rine simba uye rakazara iro rinotibvumidza isu kuti tibatanidze kure kure kana kushanda ne-smartphone. Muchidimbu, ruzhinji rwemikana iyo iyo Hardware Libre uye robhoti maoko.

Mamwe mashoko - Mirayiridzo