Gawaarida baarkinka ee Arduino iyo HC-SR04

Ku dhowaad dhammaan gawaarida hadda la soo saaray waxay leeyihiin dareeraha gawaarida ama dareeraha baarkinka oo horeyba loogu dhafan yahay. Noocyada dareemayaasha ah waxay ka kooban yihiin dareemayaal dhawaansho fudud oo kuu digaya goorta aad shay ku dhaceyso oo ay kaaga digayaan sanqadh dhawaaq ama nidaamyo kale oo aad u adag oo isku dhafan kaamiro oo ku tusaya sawirka iyo khadadka qaar ee xuduudaha. bandhigga sabuuradda.

Noqo sida ay dhici karto, aaladaha noocan ah waa wax ku ool in la dhigto si sax ah iyo in aan la sameyn "dhegta" sida qaar ... Tani waxay ka hortageysaa booqashooyinka shaqada jirka ee waxyeelada ka soo gaarto garaacida gawaarida ama gaari kale oo taagan. Laakiin nasiib darro, baabuurta oo dhami ma wada laha, baabuurta duugga ahna ma leh. Laakiin taasi macnaheedu maahan inaadan mid ka mid ah ku hirgelin karin gaarigaaga. Halkan waxaan ku tusi doonaa sida loo sameeyo.

Iibso dareeraha gaariga

Horey waxaa ujira dareemayaal gawaarida la dhigto oo laga abuuray suuqa kuwa hawsha u liita. Markaa hadaadan ahayn sameeye oo aadan jeclayn DIY, waxaad dooran kartaa alaabada noocan ah oo aan qiimo jaban lahayn. Qaarkood waxaa loo isticmaali karaa bedelka dareeraha gaariga haddii gaarigaaga waxyeello soo gaartay ama lagu rido gaari aan u lahayn heer ahaan.

Wax alaab ah lama helin.iyo waxay u dhexeeysaa € 20 ilaa € 30. Dhammaantood waxay leeyihiin dhowr dareemayaal si ay u dhigaan mashiinka baabarkaaga gadaashiisa waxayna u horseedaan fiilooyinka gudaha qolka rakaabka si loo dhigo aaladda dhawaaqa gudaha. Kuwa kale waxay sidoo kale ku jiraan bandhig yar oo muujinaya masaafada lagu garaaco shayga gadaashiisa.

También existen qaar xoogaa ka horumarsan, oo halkii laga heli lahaa dareemayaal waxay leeyihiin kaamirooyin. Marka laga hadlayo isdhexgalka lagu dhejinayo kiisaskan gudaha, waa shaashad muujinaysa sawirka aad arki karto si aad gaariga u dhigto qaab ka fudud. Xaaladahan, qiimuhu waa qiyaastii € 50.

Abuur dareerahaaga baarkinka

Hada hadaad rabto inaad adigu abuurto, waad isticmaali kartaa mashruucan adoo adeegsanaya loox arduino, Koodh fudud oo loogu talagalay barnaamijyadiisa, iyo dareemayaasha ultrasound-ka si loo cabbiro masaafada sida HC-SR04. Haddii aad doorbideyso, waxaad u kala duwanaan kartaa dareemayaasha masaafada kale kuwa aan ku sharaxnay HwLibre si loogu daro saxnaan dheeri ah, in kastoo tan ay kugu filnaan karto

Sidee buu aaladda dareeraha baarkinku u shaqeeyaa?

Ugu horreyntii, waa inaad faham wanaagsan ka heshaa sida dareemaha baarkinka baabuurku u shaqeeyo. Waa qalab aad u aasaasi ah. Mabda'a ay ku dhisan tahay waa tan Cabir masaafada iyadoo la kaashanayo qalabka 'ultrasound' ama 'optical sensor'. Markay masaafo cayiman u jirto garaacista shay, waxay soo saari doontaa baaq, badiyaa dhawaaqa iyada oo loo marayo dhawaaqa ama wixii la mid ah. Habkaas, darawalku wuxuu ogaan doonaa goorta la joojinayo si uusan shil u dhicin.

si Tani waa waxa aad ku tarmi lahayd Arduino, isticmaal hal ama in ka badan dareemayaal masaafo, iyo markay ogaadaan masaafo cayiman, microcontroller-ku wuxuu dhaqaajiyaa qalabka dhawaaqa ama muuqaalka muuqaalka oo ka diga. Ku darista in ka badan hal dareeraha masaafada ah ayaa u oggolaan doonta saxsanaanta ka baxda dhinacyo kala duwan, maaddaama hal aalad dareemayaal ah aadan ka digi karin walxaha aan ku jirin masaafada.

Macluumaad dheeraad ah - VL53L0X dareeraha leysarka / HC-SR04 Xiinka Xiinka

Qaybaha loo baahan yahay

Si aad u abuurto dareerahaaga baarkinka waxaad u baahan doontaa:

Sida loo sameeyo talaabo talaabo

Markaad haysato wax kasta oo aad u baahan tahay, kuwa soo socdaa waa isku xir qaybaha si sax ah. Si tan loo sameeyo, waxaad raaci kartaa nidaamka fudud ee wareeggan oo aan halkan kugu tusinayo. Xidhiidhku waa mid aad u fudud. Marka wax waliba isku xirnaadaan, waxaa kaliya loo baahnaan lahaa in barnaamijka microcontroller-ka laga helo Arduino IDE.

Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaan isticmaalnaa saddex nal oo midabbo kala duwan leh. Tusaale ahaan, waxay noqon kartaa mid cagaaran, mid jaalle ah, iyo mid casaan ah, in kastoo aad isticmaali karto midabyo kale. Cagaarka ayaa tilmaamaya inaad sii wadi karto rogista dhibaato la'aan. Jaale wuxuu muujinayaa inaad taxaddar yeelato maxaa yeelay wuxuu ku sii dhawaanayaa shayga, waana casaan yahay marka ay tahay inaad joojiso socodka si looga hortago isku dhaca Masaafada lagu calaamadeeyay inay macquul tahay, taxaddarka iyo joojinta waa in si habboon loo waafajiyaa ...

El Arduino IDE sawir taasi waa in loo qoondeeyaa wareegga inuu shaqeeyo, waxay noqon laheyd:

#define pulso 9  //pin para el pulso en el #9
#define rebote 8 //pin donde recibe rebote en el #8
 
#define led_verde 13  //LED verde
#define led_amarillo 12  //LED amarillo
#define led_rojo 11  //LED rojo
 
#define SIN_PROBLEMA 100 //Distancia razonable de 1m
#define PRECAUCION 20  //Distancia peligrosa 20 cm
 
int distancia;  //Variable distancia
float tiempo;  //Variable de tiempo
 
void setup()
{
//Declaraciones para las salidas o entradas de cada pin
  Serial.begin(9600);  
  pinMode(pulso, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(rebote, INPUT);
  pinMode(led_verde, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(led_amarillo, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(led_rojo, OUTPUT); 
}
 
void loop()
{
  digitalWrite(pulso,LOW); //Estabilizar el sensor antes de comenzar
  delayMicroseconds(5);
  digitalWrite(pulso, HIGH); //Enviar pulso ultrasonido
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  tiempo = pulseIn(rebote, HIGH);  //Mide el tiempo
  distancia = 0.01715*tiempo; //Calcula la distancia a la que estás del objeto
   
  if(distancia > SIN_PROBLEMA)  //Evalúa la distancia
  {
    digitalWrite(led_verde, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(led_amarillo, LOW);
    digitalWrite(led_rojo, LOW);
  }
  else if (distancia <= SIN_PROBLEMA && distancia > PRECAUCION) //Distancia de precaución
  {
    digitalWrite(led_verde, LOW);
    digitalWrite(led_amarillo, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(led_rojo, LOW);
  }
  else  //si la distancia es menor de 20 centímetros o menor -> ALERTA
  {
    digitalWrite(led_verde, LOW);
    digitalWrite(led_amarillo, LOW);
    digitalWrite(led_rojo, HIGH);
  }
  delay(10);
}

Waad wax ka beddeli kartaa lambarrada si aad ugu darto wax ka badan hal shidma oo aad dhigato dhinacyada iyo aagga dhexe ee gaarigaaga. Waxa kale oo aad beddeli kartaa masaafooyinka loo arko inay nabdoon yihiin, taxaddar u yihiin, ama khatar ku saleysan awoodahaaga ama sida xasaasiga ah ee aad u rabto inay noqdaan. Xitaa waad beddeli kartaa codadka buuzarka. Si aad u isticmaasho kaamirooyinka, waad ku sameyn kartaa adigoo adeegsanaya qaab ka duwan, oo aad si fudud ugu xirto calaamadda shaashadda LCD iyo calaamadda sawirka kamaradaha ...

Sida aad u aragto, waa lambar aad u fudud. Hadda waxay noqon laheyd arrin ka guurista sabuuradda una guraya naqshad aad u deggan inaad uga tagto si joogto ah gaarigaaga. Taas awgeed, markii la caddeeyo inay si sax ah u shaqeyneyso, waxaad ka iibin kartaa qaybaha ku yaal saxan dalool leh ama PCB si aad ugu rakibto gaariga ...