Thenga iskena se-3D: indlela yokukhetha eyona ilungileyo

Iskena se3d

Ukongeza ekukwazini ukuyila ijometri yesiqwenga ofuna ukusiprinta kwakho 3D iphrinta usebenzisa isoftware, kukwakho enye indlela elula enokukopa izinto ezikhoyo ngokuchanekileyo. Imalunga Iskena esine-3d, eya kunyamekela ukuskena umphezulu wento oyifunayo kwaye uyiguqulele kwifomathi yedijithali ukuze ukwazi ukuyichukumisa kwakhona okanye ukuyiprinta njengoko isenza iikopi.

Kwesi sikhokelo uya kufumanisa ukuba yintoni na. ezona skena zibalaseleyo ze-3D kunye nendlela onokuthi ukhethe ngayo eyona ifanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zakho.

Iiskena ze3D ezigqwesileyo

Zininzi iibrendi ezibalaseleyo, ezinje ngeZeiss yaseJamani edumileyo, iShining 3D, iArtec, iPolyga, iPeel 3D, iPhiz 3D Scanner, njl.njl., isenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukukhetha. Ukuba uyathandabuza malunga nokuba yeyiphi i3D scanner onokuthi uyithenge, Nazi ezinye zazo. iimodeli ezintle Yintoni esiyicebisayo ukuthenga okulungileyo:

Ukukhanya kwe-3D EINSCAN-SP

Este Iskena se-3D esinetekhnoloji yokukhanya okumhlophe siphakathi kwezona zilungileyo ukuba ufuna into yobuchwephesha. Isisombululo sayo sifikelela kwi-0.05 mm, sithatha neyona nkcukacha incinci. Iyakwazi ukuskena amanani ukusuka ku-30x30x30mm ukuya kuthi ga ku-200x200x200mm (nge-turntable) kunye neminye emikhulu ka-1200x1200x1200mm (ukuba isetyenziswe ngesandla okanye nge-tripod). Ukongeza, inesantya esihle sokuskena, ukukwazi ukuthumela ngaphandle OBJ, STL, ASC kunye ne-PLY, inkqubo yolungelelaniso oluzenzekelayo, kunye nesixhumi se-USB. Iyahambelana neWindows.

Ukukhanya kwe-3D Uno Can

Le enye imodeli yolu phawu luhloniphekileyo ixabisa kancinci kuneyangaphambili, kodwa inokuba lukhetho olulungileyo ukuba ujonge into yokusetyenziswa ngobungcali. sebenzisa kwakhona iteknoloji yombala omhlophe, kunye nezigqibo ze-0.1 mm kunye nomthamo wokuskena amanani ukusuka kwi-30x30x30 mm ukuya ku-200x200x200 mm (kwi-turntable), nangona unokuyisebenzisa ngesandla okanye kwi-tripod yayo kumanani aphezulu angama-700x700x700 mm. Inesantya esilungileyo sokuskena, iqhagamshela nge-USB, kwaye inokusebenza kunye ne-OBJ, STL, ASC kunye neefomathi zefayile ye-PLY njengangaphambili. Iyahambelana neWindows.

Creality 3D CR-Scan

Olunye uphawu olukhulu lwenze iskena somzekelo we-3D Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, ngohlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulinganisa okanye ukusebenzisa amanqaku. Iqhagamshela nge-USB kwaye iyahambelana neWindows, Android kunye neMacOS. Ukongeza, inokuchaneka okuphezulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.1 mm kunye nesisombululo se-0.5 mm, kwaye inokugqibelela ukusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha ngenxa yeempawu zayo kunye nomgangatho. Ngokubhekiselele kwimilinganiselo yokuskena, mikhulu kakhulu, ukuskena iindawo ezinkulu.

I-BQ Ciclop

Esi sikena se-3D esivela kwi-brand ye-BQ yase-Spain lolunye ukhetho olulungileyo ukuba uyafuna into efikelelekayo kwi-DIY. Iskena esikhawulezayo se-0.5mm esinekhamera ye-Logitech C270 HD esemgangathweni, iilaser ezimbini zeClass 1, isinxibelelanisi se-USB, Nema stepper motors, umqhubi we-ZUM, okwaziyo ukuthumela ngaphandle kwiKhowudi ye-G kunye ne-PLY, kwaye iyahambelana ne-Linux kunye ne-Windows operating systems.

Inncen POP 3D Revopoint

Enye inketho kuneyangaphambili. Iskena se-3D esine- 0.3mm ukuchaneka, i-Dual infrared Sensors (I-Eye Safe), kunye neeCamera ezinzulu, ukuskena ngokukhawuleza, iKhamera ye-RGB ye-Texture Capture, i-OBJ, i-STL, kunye neNkxaso yokuThumela ngaphandle kwe-PLY, i-Wired okanye i-Wireless Ability, i-5 Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuskena, kwaye iyahambelana ne-Android, iOS, i-macOS. kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza zeWindows.

Yintoni iskena se3D

3d scan scan amanani

Un Iskena se-3D sisixhobo esikwazi ukuhlalutya into okanye indawo ukufumana idatha kwimilo, ukuthungwa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umbala ngokunjalo. Olo lwazi luqwalaselwe kwaye luguqulelwe kwimifuziselo yedijithali entathu-ntathu enokusetyenziselwa ukuyiguqula kancinane kwisoftware okanye ukuyiprinta kumshicileli wakho we-3D kwaye wenze iikopi ezichanekileyo zento okanye umboniso.

Indlela ezi skena zisebenza ngayo ikholisa ukubona, ivelisa ilifu leendawo zereferensi ejikeleze umphezulu wento ukuze kuvele ijometri ngqo. Ke ngoko, iiskena ze3D zahlukile kwiikhamera eziqhelekileyoNangona zinendawo yokujonga i-cone-shaped, iikhamera zithatha ulwazi lombala ukusuka kwindawo engaphakathi kwibala lombono, ngelixa i-3D scanner ibamba ulwazi lwendawo kunye nesithuba se-dimensional ezintathu.

Ezinye iiskena aziniki imodeli epheleleyo ngeskena esinye, kodwa endaweni yoko zifuna izithonga ezininzi ukufumana amacandelo ahlukeneyo enxalenye kwaye emva koko uyithunge kunye usebenzisa isoftware. Nangona kunjalo, iseyi-a ichaneke ngakumbi, ikhululekile kwaye ikhawuleza ukhetho ukufumana ijometri yenxenye kwaye ube nako ukuqalisa ukuyiprinta.

Iskena se3D sisebenza njani

Iskena se-3D sisebenza ngokubanzi ngokusetyenziswa kwemitha yemitha ekhutshwa njenge ukukhanya, i-IR, okanye i-laser beam eya kubala umgama phakathi kwento ekhuphayo kunye nento, ukuphawula indawo yesalathiso yendawo kunye noluhlu lwamanqaku kumphezulu wecandelo eliza kukhutshelwa, kunye nokulungelelanisa nganye nganye. Ukusebenzisa inkqubo yezibuko, iya kutshayela umphezulu kwaye ifumane ulungelelwaniso olwahlukileyo okanye amanqaku ukufezekisa i-replica-dimensional replica.

Kuxhomekeke kumgama wento, ukuchaneka okufunwayo, kunye nobungakanani okanye ubunzima bento, unokufuna. thatha enye okanye ngaphezulu kwesinye.

Iindidi

Kukho angama-2 iintlobo zeskena se3D esisiseko, kuxhomekeke kwindlela abaskena ngayo:

  • Qhagamshelana: Ezi ntlobo ze-scanners ze-3D kufuneka zixhase inxalenye ebizwa ngokuba yi-tracer (ngokuqhelekileyo intsimbi eqinile okanye i-sapphire tip) kumphezulu wento. Ngale ndlela, ezinye ii-sensor zangaphakathi ziya kugqiba indawo yendawo yeprobe ukuphinda wenze umzobo. Zisetyenziselwa ngokubanzi kwishishini lokulawula iinkqubo zokuvelisa kunye ngokuchanekileyo kwe-0.01 mm. Nangona kunjalo, asiyondlela ilungileyo yokukhetha izinto eziethe-ethe, ezixabisekileyo (umzekelo, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yembali), okanye izinto ezithambileyo, njengoko incam okanye usiba lunokuguqula okanye lonakalise umphezulu. Oko kukuthi, kuya kuba siscan esonakalisayo.
  • akukho qhagamshelwano: zezona zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuzifumana. Babizwa njalo ngenxa yokuba abafuni uqhagamshelwano kwaye ngoko abayi konakalisa inxalenye okanye bayiguqule nangayiphi na indlela. Endaweni yeprobe, baya kusebenzisa ukukhutshwa kwesiginali okanye imitha efana ne-ultrasound, amaza e-IR, ukukhanya, ii-X-rays, njl. Zezona zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuzifumana. Phakathi kwezi, kukho iintsapho ezimbini ezinkulu:
    • Iimpahla: Ezi zixhobo zihlalutya imilo yento kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, umbala. Kwenziwa ngomlinganiselo othe ngqo womphezulu, ukulinganisa ulungelelwaniso lwepolar, ii-engile kunye nemigama ukuqokelela ulwazi lwejometri olunemigangatho emithathu. Sibulela sonke kwinto yokuba ivelisa ilifu lamanqaku angaqhagamshelwanga apho iya kuwalinganisela ngokukhupha uhlobo oluthile lwe-electromagnetic beam (i-ultrasound, i-X-ray, i-laser,...), kwaye iya kuthi iguqulelwe kwiipolygons zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle. imodeli ye-3D CAD. . Phakathi kwezi uya kufumana ezinye ii-subtypes ezifana:
      • Ixesha lokubhabha: uhlobo lwesikena se-3D esisebenzisa iilaser kwaye sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuskena iindawo ezinkulu, ezifana nokwakheka kwejoloji, izakhiwo, njl. Isekelwe kwi TOF. Azichanekanga kwaye zinexabiso eliphantsi.
      • unxantathu: Ikwasebenzisa i-laser ye-triangulation, kunye ne-beam ebetha into kunye nekhamera ebeka indawo yelaser kunye nomgama. Ezi scanner zinokuchaneka okuphezulu.
      • Umahluko wesigaba: ilinganisa umahluko wesigaba phakathi kokukhanya okukhutshiweyo nokufunyenweyo, isebenzisa lo mlinganiselo ukuqikelela umgama oya kwinto. Ukuchaneka kule ngqiqo kuphakathi phakathi kwezimbini zangaphambili, ingaphezulu kancinane kune-ToF kwaye ingaphantsi kancinci kunonxantathu.
      • I-conoscopic holography: bubuchule be-interferometric apho umqadi obonakaliswe kumphezulu udlula kwikristale ene-birefringent, oko kukuthi, ikristale enama-indices e-refractive ezibini, enye iqhelekile kwaye imisiwe kwaye enye ingaqhelekanga, engumsebenzi we-engile yezehlo ray phezu kweglasi. Ngenxa yoko, kufunyenwe imisebe emibini ehambelanayo eyenziwa ukuphazamisa i-lens ye-cylindrical, oku kuphazamiseka kubanjwe yinzwa yekhamera eqhelekileyo ifumana ipateni yeefringe. Ubuninzi bolu phazamiso bumisela umgama wento.
      • ukukhanya okucwangcisiweyo: projekthi ipateni yokukhanya kwinto kwaye uhlalutye ipateni yokuguqulwa okubangelwa yijometri yendawo.
      • ukukhanya okumodareyithiweyo: zikhupha ukukhanya (ngokuqhelekileyo zinemijikelezo ye-amplitude kwifom ye-synodal) ngokuqhubekayo ukutshintsha kwinto. Ikhamera iya kubamba oku ukujonga umgama.
    • Amatyala: Olu hlobo lwesikena luya kubonelela ngolwazi lomgama usebenzisa i-radiation ethile ukuyibamba. Ngokuqhelekileyo basebenzisa iperi yeekhamera ezahlukeneyo ezijoliswe kwindawo yexhwayelo ukuze bafumane ulwazi olunamacala amathathu ngokuhlalutya imifanekiso eyahlukeneyo ethathiweyo. Oku kuya kuhlalutya umgama kwindawo nganye kwaye inike ulungelelwaniso oluthile ukwenza i-3D. Kule meko, iziphumo ezingcono zinokufumaneka xa kubalulekile ukubamba ukuthungwa komphezulu wento eskeniweyo, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Umahluko kunye nesebenzayo kukuba akukho luhlobo lwemitha ye-electromagnetic ekhutshwayo, kodwa bamane balinganisela ekubambeni izinto ezikhutshwayo esele zikhona kwindalo esingqongileyo, njengokukhanya okubonakalayo okubonakaliswa kwinto leyo. Kukho kwakhona ezinye iinguqulelo ezifana:
      • i-stereoscopic: Basebenzisa umgaqo ofanayo njengefotogrammetry, ukugqiba umgama wepixel nganye emfanekisweni. Ukwenza oku, ngokuqhelekileyo usebenzisa iikhamera zevidiyo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ezikhomba kwindawo enye. Ukuhlalutya imifanekiso ethathwe yikhamera nganye, kunokwenzeka ukumisela le migama.
      • Umfanekiso: Basebenzisa imizobo eyenziwe ngokulandelelana kweefoto ezijikeleze into ene-dimensional ezintathu ukuyinqumla ukwenza uqikelelo olubonakalayo lwento. Le ndlela inengxaki kwizinto ezingenanto, kuba ayiyi kubamba izinto zangaphakathi.
      • Imodeli esekwe kwimifanekiso: Kukho ezinye iindlela ezincedwa ngumsebenzisi ezisekwe kwifotogrammetry.

Iskena se-3D esiselfowuni

Abasebenzisi abaninzi bahlala bebuza ukuba unako sebenzisa i-smartphone ngokungathi sisikena se-3D. Inyani yeyokuba iiselfowuni ezintsha zinokusebenzisa izinzwa zazo eziphambili zekhamera ukuze zikwazi ukubamba amanani e-3D enkosi kwezinye ii -apps. Ngokucacileyo abayi kuba neziphumo ezichanekileyo kunye neziphumo zobuchwephesha njengeskena esizinikeleyo se-3D, kodwa zinokuba luncedo kwi-DIY.

ezinye ezilungileyo usetyenziso lwezixhobo eziphathwayo I-iOS/iPadOS kunye ne-Android onokuyikhuphela kwaye uzame zezi:

  1. sketchfab
  2. qlone
  3. Trinio
  4. IScandy Pro
  5. ItSeez3D

ekhaya 3d iskena

Basoloko bebuza ukuba unako na yenza iskena se3d ​​sasekhaya. Kwaye inyaniso kukuba kukho iiprojekthi zabenzi ezinokukunceda kakhulu kulo mba, njenge I-OpenScan. Uya kufumana kwakhona iiprojekthi ezisekwe kwiArduino kwaye zinokuprintwa ukuze uzihlanganisele ngokwakho Ndiyayithanda lento, kwaye unokude ufumane uyijika njani i-xbox kinect ibe sisikena se-3d. Ngokucacileyo, zilungile njengeeprojekthi ze-DIY kunye nokufunda, kodwa awuzukwazi ukufikelela kwiziphumo ezifanayo njengeengcali.

Usetyenziso lweskena se3D

Ngokuphathelele Usetyenziso lweskena se3D, ingasetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa okuninzi kunokuba unokucinga:

  • izicelo zoshishino: Ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula umgangatho okanye umlinganiselo, ukujonga ukuba iindawo ezenziweyo zihlangabezana nokunyamezela okufunekayo.
  • Buyisela ubunjineli: ziluncedo kakhulu ukufumana imodeli yedijithali echanekileyo yento ukuze uyifunde kwaye uyivelise kwakhona.
  • Amaxwebhu akhiweyo: Iimodeli ezichanekileyo zemeko yesibonelelo okanye ukwakhiwa kunokufumaneka ukwenza iiprojekthi, ukugcinwa, njl. Umzekelo, iintshukumo, iinguqu, njl. njl., zinokubonwa ngokuhlalutya iimodeli.
  • ukuzonwabisa digital: Ingasetyenziselwa ukuskena izinto okanye abantu abaza kusetyenziswa kwiimuvi nakwimidlalo yevidiyo. Umzekelo, unokuskena umdlali webhola ekhatywayo wokwenyani kwaye wenze imodeli ye-3D ukuyiphilisa ukuze ibeyinyani ngakumbi kumdlalo wevidiyo.
  • Uhlalutyo nolondolozo lwelifa lenkcubeko nembali: Ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya, uxwebhu, ukwenza iirekhodi zedijithali, kunye nokunceda kulondolozo nokugcinwa kwelifa lenkcubeko nembali. Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlalutya imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, i-archaeology, i-mummies, imisebenzi yobugcisa, njl. Iikopi ezichanekileyo zisenokwenziwa ukuze ziveze kwaye ezoqobo azingonakaliswa.
  • Veza imifuziselo yedijithali yeemeko: Iimeko okanye iindawo ezisingqongileyo zinokuhlalutywa ukumisela ukuphakama komhlaba, ukuguqula amathrekhi okanye imihlaba kwifomathi yedijithali ye-3D, yenza iimephu ze-3D, njl. Imifanekiso inokubanjwa nge-3D laser scanners, yi-RADAR, ngemifanekiso yesathelayithi, njl.

Unokukhetha njani iskena se3D

Iskena esine-3d

Ngexesha le khetha iskena esifanelekileyo se-3D, ukuba uyathandabuza phakathi kweemodeli ezininzi, kufuneka uhlalutye uluhlu lweempawu ukuze ufumane eyona ifanele iimfuno zakho kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhoyo lokutyala. Amanqaku ekufuneka uwakhumbule ngala:

  • Bhajethi: Kubalulekile ukumisela ukuba yimalini onokuyityala kwiskena sakho se-3D. Kukho ukusuka kwi-200 okanye i-€300 ukuya kwezo zixabisa amawaka eeuro. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni iya kuba yeyokusetyenziswa ekhaya, apho kungafanelanga ukutyala imali eninzi kakhulu, okanye kusetyenziso lwemizi-mveliso okanye kubuchwephesha, apho utyalo-mali luya kuhlawula.
  • Ukuchaneka: yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo. Okukhona ngcono ukuchaneka, iziphumo ezingcono onokuzifumana. Kwizicelo zasekhaya ukuchaneka okuphantsi kunokwanela, kodwa kwizicelo zobungcali kubalulekile ukuba uchaneke kakhulu ukufumana eyona nkcukacha incinci yemodeli ye-3D. Izikena ezininzi zentengiso zikholisa ukuba phakathi kwe-0.1 mm kunye ne-0.01 mm, ukusuka ekuchanekeni kancinci ukuya kokuchaneka ngakumbi ngokulandelelanayo.
  • Isigqibo: akufanele kudideke ngokuchanekileyo, nangona umgangatho wemodeli ye-3D efunyenweyo nayo iya kuxhomekeka kuyo. Ngelixa ukuchaneka kubhekisa kwiqondo lokuchaneka ngokupheleleyo kwesixhobo, isisombululo ngumgama omncinci onokubakho phakathi kwamanqaku amabini ngaphakathi kwemodeli ye-3D. Ngokuqhelekileyo kulinganiswa ngeemilimitha okanye ii-microns, kwaye ezincinci zingcono iziphumo.
  • Isantya sokukhangela: lixesha elithathwayo ukwenza iskena. Ngokuxhomekeke kubuchwepheshe obusetyenzisiweyo, iskena se-3D sinokulinganiswa ngendlela enye okanye enye. Umzekelo, iiskena ezisekelwe kukukhanya ezicwangcisiweyo zilinganiswa ngeFPS okanye izakhelo ngesekhondi. Abanye banokulinganiswa ngamanqaku ngomzuzwana, njl.
  • Ukusebenziseka ngokulula: Yenye ingongoma ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ukhetha iskena se-3D. Ngelixa uninzi sele lulula ngokwaneleyo ukulisebenzisa kwaye luhambele phambili ngokwaneleyo ukwenza umsebenzi wenziwe ngaphandle kwegalelo labasebenzisi abaninzi, uya kufumana ezinye ezinzima ngakumbi kunabanye.
  • ubungakanani benxalenye: Kanye njengokuba abashicileli be-3D benemida ye-dimensional, iiskena ze-3D zenza njalo. Iimfuno zomsebenzisi ofuna ukwenza izinto ezincinci zibe yidijithali azifani nalowo ufuna ukuzisebenzisa kwizinto ezinkulu. Kwiimeko ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukuskena izinto ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo, ngoko ke kufuneka zilingane ngokobuncinane kunye noluhlu oluphezulu odlala ngalo.
  • Ukuthwala: Kubalulekile ukugqiba apho ukudubula kucetywa ukuba kuthathwe khona, kwaye ingaba kufuneka kube lula ukuthwala kunye nokuthatha imifanekiso kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, njl. Kukwakho nezamandla ebhetri ukukwazi ukubamba ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
  • Ukuhambelana: Kubalulekile ukukhetha iiskena ze-3D ezihambelana neqonga lakho. Ezinye ziyi-cross-platform, zihambelana neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, kodwa kungekhona zonke.
  • software: Yeyona nto iqhuba iskena se-3D, abavelisi bezi zixhobo bahlala besebenzisa izisombululo zabo. Abanye bahlala benemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo yokuhlalutya, imodeli, njl., Ezinye zilula. Kodwa lumka, kuba ezinye zezi nkqubo zinamandla ngokwenene, kwaye zifuna iimfuno ezisezantsi kwikhompyuter yakho (GPU, CPU, RAM). Kwakhona, kulungile ukuba umphuhlisi unikezela ngenkxaso efanelekileyo kunye nohlaziyo rhoqo.
  • Ulungiso: Kukwalungile ukuba isixhobo sokubamba sigcinwe ngokukhawuleza nangokulula kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ezinye iiskena ze-3D zifuna ukutshekishwa ngakumbi (ukucocwa kwe-optics,…), okanye zifuna uhlengahlengiso olwenziwa ngesandla, abanye bayenza ngokuzenzekelayo, njl.
  • Isiqingatha: Kubalulekile ukumisela ukuba iimeko ziya kuba yintoni ngexesha lokubanjwa kwemodeli ye-3D. Ezinye zazo zinokuchaphazela ezinye izixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe. Umzekelo, ubungakanani bokukhanya, ukufuma, ubushushu, njl. Abavelisi bahlala bebonisa uluhlu apho iimodeli zabo zisebenza kakuhle, kwaye kufuneka ukhethe enye ehambelana neemeko ozifunayo.

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