Ukuba ungumenzi, uyayithanda i-DIY kunye nezinto ze-elektroniki, ngokuqinisekileyo wakhe wafuna ukusebenzisa ifayile ye- I-BC547 transistor. Yibipolar junction transistor eyathi ekuqaleni yaphuhliswa nguPhilips noMullard phakathi kowe-1963 nowe-1966. Ekuqaleni yabizwa ngegama lesi-BC108 kwaye yayine-TO-18 yohlobo lwesincapsulation yentsimbi (iTransistor Outline package - case style 18). Loo phakheji yayixabisa kakhulu kuneplastiki elingana ne-TO-92, kodwa ukusasaza ubushushu kungcono kwi-yangaphambili.
Emva kwexesha iya kuba ne-encapsulation entsha yeplastiki eya kuthiywa ngokutsha ngekhowudi i-BC148. Kwaye yavela kwi-BC108, BC238, yaya kwinto esiyaziyo ngoku njenge-BC548 nge-encapsulation Ixabiso eliphantsi TO-92, kwaye ukusuka apha kweza izinto ezinje nge-BC547. Umahluko phakathi kolu ngcelele lwalusongelwe ngaphakathi, lwalufana ngaphakathi. Ukongeza, kwisifinyezo sayo BC Ibonisa ukuba yi-silicon transistor (B), yokuhamba rhoqo (C).
Kukho nezinye izinto ezinje i-BF, kodwa kule meko isetyenziselwa ukuchonga iitransistors ezisetyenziselwa iRF (amaza kanomathotholo), oko kukuthi, abo baphumeleleyo kwizinga eliphezulu kakhulu.
Isishwankathelo sosapho lwe-BC5xx:
I-BC547 yeyosapho lwe-transistors ezineempawu ezifanayo nezo BC546, BC548, BC549 kunye ne-BC550. Zonke ziyi-bipolar okanye i-bipolar junction type (BJT yeBipolar Junction Transistor). Oko kukuthi, ayizizo ii-transistors zentsimi ezinje ngeeFETs, iifototransistors ezilawulwa ngokukhanya, njl. Ezi ntlobo ze-bipolar transistors zenziwe ngezinto ezinje nge-germanium, i-silicon okanye i-gallium arsenide.
Igama le-bipolar livela kwinto yokuba benza i-2 PN junctions, kuba ii-transistors zineendlela ezintathu zeemiconductor ezilungiselelwe ngeendlela ezimbini ezinokubakho: NPN kunye nePNP. Kwimeko ye-BC547 sele sitshilo ukuba yi-NPN. Oko kukuthi, i-semiconductor edityaniswe nenxalenye yetafile yamaxesha evumela ukuba ibe nokugqithisa kwentlawulo (ii-elektroni) zeenxalenye ze-N, kunye ne-semiconductor ene-elementi enee-elektroniki ezimbalwa ze-valence ezenza i-P-uhlobo semiconductor ngokugqitha kokuhlawulisa abathwali kule meko (imingxunya).
Oko kutshiwo, ukuba sigxila kusapho, Umahluko phakathi kwawo onke amalungu ithambile. Ukuqukumbela konke kuyafana, i-SOT54 okanye TO-92. Kodwa nganye ilungiselelwe uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi:
- BC546: yevolthi ephezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-65v).
- BC547: Nombane ophezulu (45v)
- BC548: kwii-voltages eziqhelekileyo, ukuya kwi-30v.
- BC549: iyafana ne-BC548 kodwa ngengxolo ephantsi yezicelo ezithile ezibaluleke ngakumbi okanye ezibuthathaka kwingxolo ye-elektroniki. Umzekelo, iinkqubo zesandi se-hi-fi.
- BC550: ezifanayo kwezi zimbini zokuqala, oko kukuthi, kumandla aphezulu ombane (45v) kodwa iphuculwe ukubonelela ngengxolo esezantsi.
Zonke zinezikhonkwane ezintathu, njengoko kusengqiqweni kwii-transistors. Ukuzichonga, kuya kufuneka sijonge kubuso obunqamlezileyo okanye obucwangcisiweyo bokubamba, oko kukuthi, ukushiya ubuso obujikeleziweyo kwelinye icala. Ke, ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene izikhonkwane zezi: umqokeleli - isiseko-esikhupha.
- Zininzi: yipini yesinyithi okanye ipini ekunxibelelaneni nendawo engaphantsi kwedoped kune-emitter. Kule meko yindawo ye-N.
- isiseko: yipini okanye uqhagamshelo lwentsimbi oludityaniswe kumda ophakathi ekufuneka ubhityile. Kule meko yindawo engu-P.
- Umthumeli: Umfowunelwa oqhagamshelwe kwelinye icala (ummandla N kule meko) kwaye kufuneka ubengummandla oneedoped kakhulu ukufaka igalelo kwelona xabiso liphetheyo ngoku.
Nje ukuba oku kwaziwe, siya kuyiqonda ngcono indlela i-transistor BC esebenza ngayo. Kwimeko ethile ye-BC5xx, ukuphuma kwemisinga ye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100 mA. Oko kukuthi, oku kuya kuba sesona santya siphezulu sinokuhamba phakathi komqokeleli kunye nommisi, olawulwa sisiseko ngokungathi sisitshintshi. Kwimeko yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwimodeli njengoko sibonile.
Khumbula ukuba ubuninzi bangoku be-100mA benzelwe kuphela DC, kuba okwangoku kutshintshana apho kukho iincopho zexesha elifutshane inokuya kwi-200 mA ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa i-transistor. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abavelisi abafana neFairchild yasentsomini kunye nembali baye bakha iimodeli ze-BC547 ezinokufikelela kwi-500mA, nokuba ayisiyomgangatho. Ke unokufumana mhlawumbi iidatha zedatha ye-BC547 enee-voltages ezinokuthi zahluke koku kuchaziweyo apha ...
Iimpawu ze-BC547:
Emva kokufunda ngezinye zezinto ezifanayo kunye namalungu osapho, masiqwalasele kubukhulu kunye Iimpawu ezithile ze-BC547.
Ukuzuza:
La inzuzo yangoku, xa sithetha ngesiseko esiqhelekileyo, kuphantse kube kukufumana okukhoyo ngoku ukusuka kummkeli kumqokeleli kwingingqi esebenzayo ngqo, uhlala engaphantsi kwe-1. Kwimeko ye-BC548, njengabantakwabo bosapho, banenzuzo elungileyo phakathi I-110 kunye ne-800 hFE yangoku ngqo. Oku kuhlala kuchazwa ngoonobumba abongezelelekileyo ekupheleni kwegama lokuchazwa elibonisa uluhlu lwenzuzo kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukunyamezeleka kwesixhobo. Ukuba akukho leta enjalo inokuba ikhona kuluhlu endilunikileyo. Umzekelo:
- BC547: phakathi kwe-110-800hFE.
- UXWELE: phakathi kwe-110-220hFE.
- Yiya kwi: phakathi kwe-200-450hFE.
- Yenzwa: phakathi kwe-450-800hFE.
Oko kukuthi, umenzi uqikelela ukuba uyakuba phakathi kwala manqanaba, kodwa akwaziwa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye eyona nzuzo, ke ngoko kufuneka sizibeke elona tyala xa siyila isekethe. Ngale ndlela, kuqinisekisiwe ukuba isekethe iyasebenza nokuba inzuzo yeyona nto incinci kuluhlu, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba isekethe iya kuqhubeka nokusebenza ukuba sithatha indawo yotshintsho. Khawufane ucinge ukuba uyile isekethe ukuze isebenze ubuncinci be-200hFE kwaye une-BC547B kodwa uthathe isigqibo sokuyifaka endaweni ye-BC547A okanye i-BC547, isenokungafikeleli kwelo nqanaba kwaye ayizukusebenza ... Kwelinye isandla, ukuba uyenza ukuze isebenze nge-110, nokuba yeyiphi inokukusebenzela.
Ukuphendula rhoqo:
La impendulo rhoqo kubaluleke kakhulu kwizikhulisi. Nokuba kunokwenzeka ukusebenza kunye okanye ezinye ii-frequency ziya kuxhomekeka kwimpendulo yamaxesha e-transistor. Oku kuya kukukhumbuza ngento ethile ukuba uzifundile izihloko ezinje ngezihlandlo zokupasa eziphezulu kunye neefilitha zokupasa ezisezantsi, akunjalo? Kwimeko yosapho olubonwe apha, kwaye ke ngenxa ye-BC547, banempendulo elungileyo yokuhamba rhoqo kwaye banokusebenza kumaza aphakathi I-150 kunye ne-300 Mhz.
Ngokwesiqhelo, kwi iidatha Iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo ze-transistor zinikwa zivela kubavelisi, kubandakanya igrafu yempendulo yokuhamba rhoqo. La maxwebhu anokukhutshelwa ngePDF kwiiwebhusayithi ezisemthethweni zabavelisi besixhobo, kwaye apho uya kufumana amaxabiso. Uza kubona impendulo rhoqo kunye noonobumba be-fT.
Ezi frequencies ziphezulu ziya kuqinisekisa ukuba i-transistor yandisa ubuncinci i-1Ukusukela ekuphindaphindeni kokuhla, kokukhona ukuphakamisa ukuhambisa kwe-transistor ngenxa yenxalenye ye-capacitive yayo. Ngaphezulu kwala maxesha amkelekileyo, i-transistor inokuba nexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu okanye kungabikho nzuzo, ngenxa yoko ayihlawuli.
Ukulingana kunye nokuNcediswa:
- Ukulingana:
- Fanayo: Ibhodi yomngxunya olinganayo kwi-transistor iya kuba yiyo 2N2222 okanye i-PN2222 apho siza kunikezela elinye inqaku elikhethekileyo. Kodwa lumka! Kwimeko yeentsomi 2N2222, i-emitter kunye neepin zokuqokelela zibuyisiwe. Oko kukuthi, iya kuba yi-emitter-base-collector endaweni yokuqokelela-base-emitter. Ke ngoko, kufuneka uyidibanise okanye uyibeke ijikeleze i-180º ngokubhekisele kwindlela owawunayo ngayo i-BC547.
- SMDUkuba ufuna umphezulu womhlaba olingana ne-BC547 kwiisekethi ezincinci eziprintiweyo okanye ii-PCBs, ke into oyikhangelayo yi-BC487 ebiyelwe phantsi kwe-SOT23. Oko kuya kuthintela ukuba nesitya esinemingxunya yokufaka kunye nokufaka. Ngendlela, ukuba ujonge ii-bipolar transistors ezilinganayo zamanye amalungu osapho, ungajonga i-BC846, BC848, BC849 kunye ne-BC850. Oko kukuthi, buyisela i-BC4xx kunye ne-BC8xx efanayo.
- Iyahambelana: Enye imeko enokuthi yenzeke kukuba ufuna okwahlukileyo, Oko kukuthi, i-PNP endaweni ye-NPN. Kwimeko apho, echanekileyo iya kuba yi-BC557. Ukukhangela ukugcwaliseka kwamanye amalungu osapho, ungasebenzisa i-BC5xx enje nge: BC556, BC558, BC559 kunye ne-BC560.
Ndiyathemba ukuba le posi ikuncedile kwaye elandelayo iya kuba yi-PN2222.
Molo, mva kwemini elungileyo, ndilifumene liluncedo kakhulu eli nqaku njengoko ndilungisa nditshintsha i-transistors kwisikhulisi esidala se-Audinac FM900. Enkosi !!!
Molo, enkosi kakhulu ngokuphawula
ilunge kakhulu, ulwazi olwalulindile, ndiyavuyisana nawe
Ewe, olo luhlu lokwahluka ngokubhekisele kwi-BC 547 transistor lubaluleke kakhulu. Oko kukuthi, yenza isekethe nge-Electret (Microphone) kwaye uyixhume kwisikhulisi seMono. Ukuhambisa imiyalezo eyakhayo endaweni yabo batyelela i-Facebook okanye ezinye izinto zentengiso. Ingcaciso oyinike yona ibalasele kwaye icaciswe kakuhle. NDIYABULELA ngeposi yakho.
Wanga uBawo wethu wasezulwini angakusikelela kunye nosapho lwakho olunothando.
Ndivela kwilizwe El Salvador CA Enkosi.
Inqaku elihle kwaye ndiyabulela!
Olu xwebhu luneempazamo ezininzi, phakathi kwazo ezona zinzima zezi zilandelayo:
… Ukongeza, i-BC ngesigama sayo ibonisa ukuba sisiseko senkcubeko esiqhelekileyo….
Isifinyezo se-BC somtshintshi asinanto yakwenza noko ikuthethayo, kuba i-B ibonisa ukuba yi-silicon transistor, kunye no-C ukuba yinto yokuhamba rhoqo.
Ungayibona kweli phepha:
https://areaelectronica.com/semiconductores-comunes/transistores/codigo-designacion-transistores/#:~:text=En%20la%20nomenclatura%20americana%20los,facilitado%20por%20el%20fabricante%20herunterladen.
Kukho iimpazamo ezininzi kolu xwebhu:
. . . Ingeniso yangoku, xa sithetha ngesiseko esifanayo, imalunga nengeniso yangoku ekhupha isuka kumqokeleli kwingingqi esebenzayo ngqo….
Xa ukhankanya isiseko esiqhelekileyo, kuyaqondakala ukuba yindibano yesiqhelo eqhelekileyo, kwimeko apho inzuzo yangoku ihlala ingaphantsi kwe-1.
Xa uthetha malunga nokufumana iitransistors akukho mfuneko yakukhankanya uhlobo loqwalaselo.
Ndibe ngutitshala we-elektroniki ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35.
A ubingelele.
Sawubona,
Uxolo ngeempazamo. Ndiyabulela kakhulu ngokucebisa.
Nibuliso!