Kwinqaku elidlulileyo ndichaze yonke into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga ne-welder okanye i-welder. Kweli elinye inqaku siza kubonisa oomatshini bokuwelda abagqwesileyo onokuthi uthenge ukuqala kolu manyano lwesinyithi. Ukongeza, uya kufumana zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze ube nekiti yakho yokuwelda epheleleyo ...
Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba unokuphelelisa eli nqaku kumanqaku amabini angaphambili ngalo mbandela, njengeli lilandelayo khetha eyona welder ilungileyo kunye isifundo sokufunda ukuwelda.
abawelder abagqwesileyo
Nazi i oomatshini bokuwelda abagqwesileyo onokuthi uyithenge namhlanje, nangexabiso elifikelelekayo:
Eyona MMA (Manual Metal Arc) okanye arc (STICK) abashiseli
Nge Abaweldi be-MMA Uyakwazi ukuwelda iintlobo ngeentlobo zentsimbi, ezifana carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminiyam, okanye intsimbi. Kufuneka nje ukhethe i-electrode efanelekileyo kuyo. Ukongeza, ilungele ukuwelda apho kufuneka i-bead ebanzi okanye ukugcwalisa izithuba ezinkulu:
- Eqhelekileyo, enezixhobo kunye nesibambi se-electrode. Ilungele zonke iintlobo zemisebenzi okanye iingcali:
- I-Compact, uhlobo lwepistol, imveliso elungileyo ukuthwala ngokulula naphi na apho ufuna khona okanye abaqalayo:
Ezona ziweldi ze-MIG (zeMetal Inert Gas).
Okwangoku itekhnoloji ihambele phambili ngokwaneleyo ukuba ungayifumana abaweldi be-MIG ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusebenzisa igesi, eyinzuzo enkulu. Ngazo unokuphinda udibanise iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi njengentsimbi okanye intsimbi, kodwa kule meko usebenzisa iintambo zocingo, ukuvelisa umthungo ocolekileyo kunye ochanekileyo ngakumbi we weld:
Eyona nto ingcono ye-MAG (iGesi yeMetal Active).
Kwelinye icala sine I-MAG welders, olunye uhlobo lwe-welder olufana nolo lwangaphambili, kodwa endaweni yokusebenzisa igesi ye-inert, igesi esebenzayo isetyenziswa kule meko. Kungenjalo iyafana:
Eyona TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) abashiseli
Ngolu hlobo lwe TIG welders i-electrode ye-tungsten isetyenziswe engasetyenziswanga njengoko kunjalo ngee-electrodes eziqhelekileyo. Le electrode isebenza kuphela ukuvelisa i-arc enyibilikisa isinyithi, kodwa ayiboneleli ngezinto. Zinokuba lukhetho oluhle kwezinye iimeko apho inani elikhulu lamalungu kufuneka lithengiswe, kodwa ayisosona sixhobo sicetyiswayo, ngakumbi kubaqalayo:
Abachwethezi abaninzi abalungileyo (MMA, MIG, TIG)
Ngolu hlobo lwezixhobo uya kukwazi ukukhetha ukuba yeyiphi i-solder oza kuyisebenzisa, ekubeni banezibambi zombini ze-electrode kunye nemilomo yocingo. Zizixhobo ezigqibeleleyo zombini zabaqalayo abafuna ukuzama iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-welding kunye neengcali:
Iiwelders ze-laser ezilungileyo
Omnye laser welder Kuya kukuvumela ukuba wenze udibaniso oluqinileyo, oluchanekileyo kunye nolucolekileyo olunentambo ukujoyina phantse phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko. Nangona kunjalo, zizixhobo ezibiza kakhulu, zigcinelwe iinkampani okanye iingcali ezilufuna ngokwenene olu hlobo lwe-welders kwizicelo eziphambili:
Iiwelder zeplastiki ezilungileyo
El Iplastiki inokuthi "ifakwe i-welded", kwaye kungekhona kuphela iplastiki ye-polymer-thermoplastic njengoko sitshilo kumanqaku angaphambili. Kodwa kule "iqhinga" lisetyenziswa ngokufaka i-staple eshushu ngolu hlobo lompu:
iintsimbi zokuthambisa ezigqwesileyo
Ewe nathi sinalo iintsimbi zokuwelda isetyenziselwa umbane. Phakathi kwezi sineentlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo:
- Okuqhelekileyo, kunye neengcebiso ezinokutshintshiswa kunye nokusebenzisa ucingo lwenkcenkce ngesinye isandla:
- Uhlobo lwepistol, apho unokulayisha khona umqulu wetoti ukuze ungasebenzisi izandla zozibini, uwenza ukhululeke ngakumbi:
umpu wokutshisa kunye neetotshi
Ekugqibeleni, nathi sinako shushu imipu. Ezi ayizizo i-welders ngokwazo, kodwa zingasetyenziselwa ukutshisa i-thermoplastics, ukunyibilikisa isinyithi kunye nendawo yokunyibilika ephantsi njenge-tin, ukutshisa imibhobho yobhedu kwintsimi ye-plumbing, njl.
- Ngentambo, zezona zinamandla kwaye zifikelela kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu:
- Ngebhetri, iyasebenza kakhulu ukukwazi ukuthatha apho ufuna khona ngaphandle kweentambo, nangona zihlala zingenamandla kancinci kunezo zangaphambili:
- Kwaye apha nam ndazisa i iblowtorch okanye itotshi ngomsebenzi wemibhobho:
- itotshi ye ukuthengiswa kwezacholo (igolide, isilivere,…):
ibhetri indawo welder
Kwezombane, ze ibala iibhetri weld, kukwaluncedo ukuba nenye yezi:
Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuwelda
Ewe izinto ezityiwayo yewelding sinayo:
Ii-Electrodes ze-MMA welders
Nantsi ifayile i-electrodes yokuwelda intsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi ekhandiweyo, kunye nentsimbi. Zezona ziqhelekileyo, nangona unokufumana ii-electrode ezithile zokuwelda insimbi engenasici, i-aluminium, njl.
electrodes for yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:
electrodes for ialuminium:
i-electrodes ye-tungsten
Kwelinye icala, nawe unayo i-electrodes ye-tungsten ukuwelda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesinyithi ze-TIG welders. Ezi azinagalelo kwizinto eziphathekayo, kwaye azigugi njengee-electrodes eziqhelekileyo:
Imiqulu yocingo lwe-welding ye-MIG/MAG
Kwi-welder yocingo (i-electrode eqhubekayo) nathi sinayo iireli okanye iiroli ezifana nezi zentsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi, intsimbi, njl. Ungazifumana kwakhona ngokweediameters ezahlukeneyo, ubukhulu kunye neentlobo ze-welds ezithile. Enye yezona zicetyiswayo yile:
Kukwakho nemiqulu ekhethekileyo ye yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo:
kwaye ngokunjalo ialuminium:
Imivalo yeplastiki ukuba inyibilike
Ukuba uza kusebenzisa enye umpu womoya oshushu wokuwelda i-thermoplastics, unoluhlu olubanzi lweebha zeplastiki zokunyibilika ezifana nezi zilandelayo:
imivalo ye-aluminium yokuphosa
Ukuba uza kusebenzisa enye umpu womoya oshushu okanye itotshi yegesi yokuwelda ialuminiyam, kufuneka uthenge ezi bar:
izixhobo zeplastiki
Endaweni yoko, ukuba ukhethe i welder yeplastiki usebenzisa i-staples, emva koko kuya kufuneka uthenge ezinye izinto ezityiwayo:
ucingo lwenkcenkce
Kakade ke, kwimeko ye-welds yombane okanye imibhobho yamanzi, unokhetho lokuthenga imiqulu yetoti yeentlobo ezimbini:
- Ucingo lwezixhobo ze-elektroniki, lwe-lead-free soldering kunye ne-flux-resin core:
- Ucingo lwemibhobho yamanzi, itoti eyomeleleyo kwaye ngqindilili kuneyangaphambili ukuya kwi-solder copper:
Igesi ye-MIG/MAG welders
ungafumana kwakhona iigasi zegesi I-argon ye-welders ngolu hlobo:
Amalungu asetyenzisiweyo
Kukwakho nezinye iindawo ezisecaleni kubawelder. Phakathi kwezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:
Umphathi we-Electrode we-MMA welders
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba wena umnini electrode welder yakho yonakele, kwimeko enjalo, ungasebenzisa le ndawo esecaleni:
Imilomo yeentsimbi zeMIG/MAG
Las imilomo apho intambo idlula kwaye igesi nayo kufuneka itshintshwe amaxesha ngamaxesha:
ibamba lomhlaba
Kuxhaphakile ukuba i ibamba lomhlaba yonakaliswe kwakhona ngokusetyenziswa, ukuyibuyisela endaweni yayo:
iingcebiso zentsimbi yokuthambisa
Iingcebiso nazo ziphela zimosha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ewe kunjalo, kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nokugqiba ngetoti uya kuyidinga iingcebiso ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, njengazo zikulo mdlalo:
izixhobo welding
kunjalo wena ikhithi solder Ayinakuphela ngaphandle kwezinye izixhobo ezincedisayo eziyimfuneko, ngakumbi kukhuseleko lwakho:
iimaski ze-welder
- Ukubanjwa ngesandla okuqhelekileyo, onokuthi ubambe ngesandla esinye kwaye ususe ngokukhawuleza:
- Isigcina-ntloko esiqhelekileyo, sishiya izandla zombini zikhululekile, kodwa ukususa isikrini esimnyama asiyi kukhawuleza njengakwiyangaphambili, kuba kufuneka uphakamise imaski:
- Ngokuzenzekelayo, njengohlobo lwesigcina-ntloko esiqhelekileyo, kodwa ngezikrini endaweni yeglasi, ukukwazi ukubona apho ubeka khona i-electrode kwaye ube mnyama ngokuzenzekelayo xa kuqala ukutshiza, ngaphezu kokuvumela uhlengahlengiso:
inqwelo yokuwelda
Ngolu hlobo lwe iimoto Ungathatha zombini iqela lomatshini wokuwelda kunye neebhotile zerhasi okanye iisilinda kwabo bawufunayo:
iibhentshi zokuwelda
Nawe unayo iitafile okanye iibhentshi ukuwelda kamnandi, ngolu hlobo:
Ukuma kwe-electronic soldering
Indlela ekhululekile yokudibanisa kukusebenzisa olu hlobo lweenkxaso kunye amawele ukukhulula izandla zakho ukuze ukwazi ukuwelda ngcono, kwaye bade babe neglasi yokukhulisa ukubona into oyenzayo phantsi kolwandiso:
iiglavu zokuwelder
ukuba khusela izandla zakho ekutshiseni okunokwenzeka, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa olu hlobo lweeglavu:
Iimagnethi zokuqhobosha kunye neeclamps
Ukwenza umsebenzi olungileyo ngexesha le-welding kubalulekile. Kwezinye iintsimbi ungasebenzisa izikwere zemagneti ukuze uzibeke endaweni ngaphandle kokuba zihambe, okanye usebenzise izibane:
Imaski yerhasi enetyhefu
Ukuba uza kusebenzisa ii-electrodes ezithile ze-tungsten okanye ukuba uya kuwelda igalvanized, zinokuphuma iigesi ezinetyhefu oko kunokuchaphazela imiphunga yakho. Ukunqanda, qiniseka ukuba uhlala usebenzisa ezi ntlobo zeemaski:
Slag Hammer
Ewe kunjalo susa intlenge ehlala kwi-weld bead, uya kufuna enye yezi hammer ukuze ubethe kwaye ukhulule iqokobhe:
ibrashi ye-slag
Ungasebenzisa olu hlobo lwe iibrashi zentsimbi Ukukhupha iintsalela ze-slag kunye nokucoca i-welds:
Isigrisi
Kubalulekile ukuba ne isila kolu hlobo, zombini ukuphucula ukugqitywa komthungo we-weld, kunye nokucoca iiprofayili ukuba zifakwe kwaye zisuse umhlwa, iileya zepeyinti, kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zokungcola:
Ewe kunjalo, iidiski zentsimbi:
Ezinye (eziyingxubevange)
También ukho ezahlukeneyo izincedisi ezongezelelweyo (ukhetho) olunokukunceda ngexesha lomsebenzi we-welding, njengale:
- iibhutsi zokukhusela ngonyawo olomeleziweyo ukunqanda umonakalo kwizithonga kunye ne-insulating sole:
- ingubo yomlilo ukukhusela izinto ezibuthathaka kwiintlantsi:
- Unayo i- imfene ukukhusela iimpahla zakho kwiintlantsi kunye nokutsha, okanye amabala ...
- ii-ovaroli zomsebenzi ezibuyisela idangatye Ukukhusela umzimba wakho wonke, njengoko imikhono emifutshane okanye iibhulukhwe ezimfutshane azikhuthazwa:
Intsimbi yokuziqhelanisa
Ekugqibeleni, usenokungabi nayo izinto ekhaya ukuziqhelanisa, kwaye yiyo loo nto sikubonisa iimveliso ezinomdla onokuthi uzithenge ukuqala ukuvavanya nokufunda ukuwelda:
Amacwecwe
Kwimarike ungayifumana iipleyiti okanye amaphepha yentsimbi enobunzima obahlukeneyo obunje:
Iiengile kunye neepleyiti
Unethuba lokusebenzisa iiengile okanye iipleyiti, eziluncedo kakhulu ekwakheni inkitha yezakhiwo:
Tubos
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba uya kwakha izakhiwo zokukhanya, ukhetho oluhle kukusebenzisa iityhubhu, zombini izikwere nezingqukuva:
imiqadi
Ekugqibeleni, ukuba ufuna ukufezekisa isakhiwo esiqinileyo kunye nesixhathisayo, njengophahla, ungakhetha imiqadi:
