Arduino Ngenxa: yonke into malunga nale bhodi yophuhliso esemthethweni

Arduino Ngenxa

Awungekhe waneliswe yiyo nayiphi na kwezi bhodi zophuhliso zisemthethweni. Ukuba kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uyazi Arduino Ngenxa, enye yeencasa ezisemthethweni zeli qonga limnandi. Ngayo unokwenza iiprojekthi ezininzi, njengangaphambili, kodwa kule meko kukho uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ayisiyiyo inkumbulo kuphela, ii-GPIO ezikhoyo okanye ubungakanani ...

Ndithetha nge-microcontroller edibanisa le bhodi, kuba eyona chip ayisiyiyo esekwe kwi-ARM. Ukunqaba ngaphakathi kweArduino, kuba ezinye zisekwe kuyilo lwe-8-bit AVR, ngelixa elinye ibhodi lisebenzisa i-32-bit ISA ARM. Ewe kunjalo, le chip isaphuma kuhlobo lwe-Atmel, njengesiqhelo.

Ukuba ne-ARM microcontroller ayenzi kungahambelani ne- Izinto zombane ihlaziyiwe kule webhusayithi, kuba iyahambelana nayo Zonke iinguqulelo zeArduino.

Yintoni efunekayo kwiArduino?

Ardunio Ngenxa

Lo Ibhodi yeArduino Ngenxa inezinto ezifanayo kakhulu nezinye iibhodi zophuhliso zeArduino, kwaye ukuba luncedo kwayo kuyafana. Oko kukuthi, ukukwazi ukwenza ubuninzi beeprojekthi zekhompyuter kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuzoba ukuzilawula. Kodwa, njengezinye iinguqulelo zeArduino, inomahluko wayo ophawulekayo ...

Iimpawu zobugcisa, isikimu kunye nepinout

I-Arduino Ngenxa isekwe kwiitshiphusi zolawulo lwee-microcontroller okanye ii-MCU ezinje nge Ifoto: Atmel SAM3X8E. Ibhodi yokuqala yeArduino esekwe kwi-ARM, ngakumbi kwi-3-bit Cortex-M32 yokulungisa. Ukusebenza ngaphezulu kweeyunithi ezingama-8-bit ze-MCU ezinazo ezinye iibhodi ezifanayo.

Le chip ye-Atmel (ngoku ifunyenwe yi- Inkampani yeMicrochipIqale uthotho lwayo ngo-2009 ukukhuphisana nee-AVR zayo. Ezinye ii-RISCs ezinomdla ngakumbi kwaye zinamandla kunangaphambili.

Ngaphandle koko, phantse, nayo unezikhonkwane ezingaphezulunjengoko ibandakanya izikhonkwane ezingama-54 zedijithali ze-I / O, ezili-12 zazo ziziphumo PWM. Ikwabandakanya igalelo le-analog eli-12, ii-UART ezi-4 (ii-hardware serial port), njl. Kananjalo, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iibhodi zeArduino, iArduino Ngenxa isebenza kwi3.3v endaweni ye5v yamanye amabhodi.

Ngokusebenza kwi-3.3v, i-Arduino Ngenxa iya kuhambelana nazo zonke iikhaka ze-Arduino ezisebenza kuloo mbane. Kodwa kufuneka bahlangabezane nomgangatho we-1.0 Arduino pinout.

Le bhodi yeArduino Ngenxa inakho konke okudingayo ukuqala ukwenza iiprojekthi, vele uqhagamshele kwiPC usebenzisa i ikhebula le-microUSB kwaye uqalise ukukhuphela iziketshi zakho ukuze usebenze. Ngendlela, le USB ayizukusebenza njengombane wangaphandle njengakwezinye iimeko, kodwa ungasebenzisa iadaptha ye-AC / DC ehambelana neplagi edityaniswa yile bhodi (i-central pin + 2.1mm).

Kwelinye icala, kuya kufuneka uyazi eyazo Iimpawu zobugcisa, ezishwankathelwe apha:

  • Ulawulo oluncinci: Atmel SAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3 32-isuntswana 84 Mhz
  • Iinkumbulo ze-RAMI-96 KB (isasazwe kwiibhanki ezi-2 ze-64KB + 1 yebhanki ye-32 KB)
  • EEPROM: ayinalo olu hlobo lweenkumbulo, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iibhodi. I-ARM inesakhono sokwenza i-IAP (kwiNkqubo yoLwazi) ebhalelwe ukudanyaza. Yiyo ke enokusetyenziselwa idatha engagungqiyo kunye nokugcinwa kwekhowudi.
  • microUSB: ine-2.
    • Inkqubo enye (ekufutshane nejack yamandla) oya kuthi ukhethe kuyo iArduino Ngenxa (yoHlelo lweNkqubo) kwiArduino IDE. Oku kuqhagamshelwe ngqo kwi-chip ye-16U2.
    • Olunye uhlobo lwendalo (olona luhamba kude kumandla ombane) olunokusetyenziswa ngokukhetha iArduino Ngenxa (yeNativeUSBPort) kwiArduino IDE. Kule meko iqhagamshele ngqo kwi-SAM3X microcontroller.
  • flash: 512 KB, zonke ziyafumaneka kwinkqubo, kuba i-bootloader ayikhuphi nantoni na efana nezinye iibhodi zeArduino
  • Umbane osebenzayo: 3.3v (nangona ine-5v pin yeeprojekthi zakho, kunye ne-GND okanye umhlaba)
  • Igalelo ombane (kucetyiswa): 7-12v
  • Igalelo ombane (ubuninzi umda): 6-16v
  • Izikhonkwane ze-I / O zedijithali54, ezi-12 zazo PWM.
  • Izikhonkwane zokufaka ze-Analog: Iindlela ezili-12.
  • Izikhonkwane zokukhupha i-Analog2 (DAC)
  • Ukuqina kwangoku ngepini ye-I / Oamandla: 130mA
  • Ukuqina kwangoku kwepini 3.3vamandla: 800mA
  • Ukuqina kwangoku kwepini 5vamandla: 800mA
  • Ubunzima kunye nemilinganiselo: 101.52 × 53.3mm kunye neegram ezingama-36.
  • Ixabiso: € 30-40 malunga. Ungayithenga kwiAmazon.

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, inezibuko USB OTG isantya esiphezulu, ii-UART ezi-4, isixhobo sokudibanisa iJTAG, iqhosha lokuseta kwakhona, iqhosha lokucima, isixhobo sokudibanisa i-SPI, kunye ne-2 TWI. Ngapha koko, into ebikhankanyiwe ngaphambili kumgangatho we-1.0 inento yokwenza nezinye zezihlanganisi:

  • I-TWI ngezikhonkwane ze-SDA kunye ne-SCL
  • Uqeqesho lwe-IOREF evumela ikhaka, elidityaniswe noqwalaselo olufanelekileyo, ukulungelelanisa uxinzelelo lwalo kulelo lipleyiti.
  • Iphini enye engaxhunyiwe igcinelwe ukusetyenziswa kwexa elizayo.

Ngendlela, andifuni ukugqiba eli candelo ngaphandle kokubeka into engakumbi malunga nezinye izihlanganisi ze-serial kunye nabanye. Kungcono isikhonkwane apho zikhona:

  • Uthotho 0: kwi-pin 0 (RX) kunye ne-pin 1 (TX)
  • Uthotho 1: pin 19 (RX) kunye ne-pin 18 (TX)
  • Uthotho 2: pin 17 (RX) kunye ne-pin 16 (TX)
  • Uthotho 3: pin 15 (RX) kunye ne-pin 14 (TX)
  • PWM: hamba ukusuka kwizikhonkwane 2 ukuya kwi-13 ukubonelela nge-8-bit PWM.
  • Idijithali I / O.: ukusuka kwipini 0 ukuya ku-53
  • Iziphumo ze-Analog: ukusuka kwipini A0 ukuya ku-A11
  • SPI: Intloko yeSPI
  • CAN: ICANRX kunye neCANTX kunxibelelwano lweCAN
  • I-LED eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ibandakanyiwe kwaye ixhunyiwe kwipini ye-13
  • I-TWI 1: pin 20 (SDA) kunye ne-pin 21 (SCL)
  • I-TWI 2: iphawulwe njenge-SDA1 SCL1
  • I-DAC1 kunye ne-DAC2 ngesisombululo kwimveliso yayo yeebhithi ezili-12 (amanqanaba angama-4096) nge-analogWrite () ngee-voltage zika-0.55v ukuya ku-2.75v.
  • I-AREFIgalelo le-analog njengereferensi yombane. Isetyenziswe nge-analogReference () umsebenzi
  • Cwangcisa kwakhona: ukuba ubeka lo mgca kwi-LOW okanye kwinqanaba le-voltage ephantsi, emva koko i-microcontroller iseta kwakhona.

Maxwebhu

Njengamanye amabhodi asemthethweni, iArduino Ngenxa inexabiso elikhulu ledatha elikhoyo eluntwini, ezinje ngesikimu, idatha, amaxwebhu anje iidathanjl. Ngale datha uya kuba nakho ukwazi yonke into malunga nale plate ukuze ufumane okungcono kuyo. Umzekelo, unawo la maxwebhu onawo:

IArduino IDE kunye nenkqubo yeArduino Ngenxa

Iscreen seArduino IDE

Ukucwangcisa iArduino Ngenxa, kulandelwa inkqubo efanayo nakwezinye iibhodi ezininzi zeArduino. Awudingi isoftware eyahlukileyo ye-IDE njengoko isekwe kwi-ARM. Ke ngoko, awunakukhathazeka malunga nayo, iya kubonakala elubala ngokupheleleyo kumdwelisi wenkqubo. Unga khuphela okanye usebenzise iArduino IDE amanye amapleyiti kwaye unokuzikhuphela kule khonkco yamaqonga MacOS, Windows kunye neLinux.

Ulwimi lokubhala ikhowudi yemvelaphi yomzobo ngokunjalo iya kufana ncamNgaphandle kokuziqhelanisa ne-pinout kunye neempawu ezizodwa zeArduino Ngenxa. Ukuba usaqala, ungasebenzisa eyethu ikhosi yasimahla kwiPDF yeArduino IDE. Kuyo, uya kufunda ukwenza imizobo yokuqala elula kwaye ufunde okungcono malunga neenkqubo zeArduino. Nangona le khosi isekwe kwi Arduino UNO, isebenza kuzo zonke ezinye iinguqulelo zeArduino ...

La quirk kuphela Into omele uyigcine engqondweni xa ufaka i-Arduino IDE kukuba, ngokungagqibekanga, iza kukulungiselela ukuqala Arduino UNO. Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka ukhethe ibhodi efanelekileyo yokuhambisa ikhowudi kwiPC iye kwibhodi yakho. Ukwenza oku, unokulandela la manyathelo alula:

  1. Vula iArduino IDE
  2. Yiya kwimenyu yezixhobo.
  3. Emva koko kwiiPlaques.
  4. Kulapho, khangela iArduino Ngenxa kwaye ukhethe enye yeendlela ezimbini ze-USB ezikhoyo ngokokukhetha kwakho ...

Ngoku ungaqhubeka ngendlela oqhele ukwenza ngayo. Jabulela ukwenza iiprojekthi ezintsha kwaye ungaze uyeke ukufunda ...


Izimvo, shiya eyakho

Shiya uluvo lwakho

Idilesi yakho ye email aziyi kupapashwa. ezidingekayo ziphawulwe *

*

*

  1. Uxanduva lwedatha: UMiguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Injongo yedatha: Ulawulo lwe-SPAM, ulawulo lwezimvo.
  3. Umthetho: Imvume yakho
  4. Unxibelelwano lwedatha: Idatha ayizukuhanjiswa kubantu besithathu ngaphandle koxanduva lomthetho.
  5. Ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha
  6. Amalungelo: Ngalo naliphi na ixesha unganciphisa, uphinde uphinde ucime ulwazi lwakho.

  1.   UJose Ramon sitsho

    Ndicinga ukuba kukho impazamo encinci kumhlathi wesibini. Apho ithi: «Ndithetha ukuba i-microcontroller kule bhodi, kuba eyona chip ayisekelwanga kwi-ARM. Xa eneneni isekwe kwi-ARM