UArduino Mega: konke malunga nebhodi enkulu yophuhliso

Ukuba iplate Arduino UNO ISityhi incinci kakhulu kuwe kwaye ufuna ukwenza iiprojekthi ezihambele phambili kwaye ukonwabele amandla amaninzi, emva koko into oyikhangelayo yibhodi UArduino Mega, enye yeemodeli ezikhoyo ezenziwe ngabaphuhlisi abafanayo njengebhodi yoqobo, kodwa ixhotyiswe nge-microcontroller ekhawulezayo, imemori engakumbi, kunye nezikhonkwane ezingaphezulu kwinkqubo.

IArduino Mega inokufana okuninzi Arduino UNO, kodwa kukho umahluko owenza ukuba ubaluleke kakhulu kuye wonke umntu abenzi befuna enye into. Ngokubanzi, ukuba uqala nje ayisiyiyo eyona nto ikhethileyo, kodwa kuxa sele usebenzise amandla e-UNO kwaye ufuna ukuya phambili.

Yintoni iArduino Mega?

UArduino Mega Yenye ibhodi yophuhliso esemthethweni esekwe kwi-Atmel ATmega2560 microcontroller, yiyo loo nto igama layo. Ukongeza, kubandakanya i-54 yedijithali yokufaka kunye nezikhonkwane zokukhupha, apho i-15 inokusetyenziswa njenge Iziphumo zePWM. Inamagalelo ali-16 e-analog, ii-UART ezi-4 njengamazibuko akwi-hardware, i-16Mhz crystal oscillator, uqhagamshelo lwe-USB, isinxibelelanisi samandla, i-ICSP i-header kunye neqhosha lokuseta kwakhona.

Njengoko ubona, ukuthelekisa ne- Arduino UNO, inezikhundla eziphezulu, ezikhokelela ekwandeni kwe- ixabiso layo kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ayibizi konke konke, ibiza kuphela i-euro ezimbalwa ngakumbi kwaye ungayifumana kwiivenkile ezininzi ezikhethekileyo:

• Thenga ibhodi yeArduino Mega: malunga ne- € 40 unayo ipleyiti Arduino UNO, Kunye nesamente.

I qulethe yonke into oyifunayo kwi-microcontroller yakho, ke kuya kufuneka ukhathazeke ngokuseta iprojekthi yakho ye-DIY, ukudibanisa ibhodi nge-USB kwikhompyuter, ukhuphele umzobo owenzileyo nge-Arduino IDE, kwaye uyenze isebenze.

Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba, ngokungafaniyo neebhodi zangaphambili, iArduino Mega ayisebenzisi i-chip ye-FTDI ye-USB-to-serial chip chip. Endaweni yoko, sebenzisa I-chip ye-ATmega16U2 kuhlaziyo lwamva nje (i-Rev1 kunye ne-Rev2 isebenzise i-ATmega8U2). Oko kukuthi, ine-USB-to-serial converter yenkqubo.

Esi sitya si ilungele uninzi lweeprojekthi eziqhubela phambili, ezinje ngokusebenza njengengqondo yeeprinta ze-3D, iirobhothi ze-CNC zeshishini, njl. Kwaye ziyahambelana ngokupheleleyo namakhaka okanye amakhaka e Arduino UNO, ke uyakufumana uninzi lwezinto ezihambelanayo kunye noluntu olukhulu zihlala zikulungele ukukunceda kwimibuzo kunye neengxaki zakho.

Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi nge izinto zombane ezihambelanayo kunye neemodyuliKule bhulogi inye uninzi lwabo luchaza inyathelo nenyathelo ngayo yonke into oyifunayo ukuze ubenze basebenze. Umzekelo:

• 28BYJ-28
• IGyroscope
• IINKCUKACHA
• ESP8266
• Njl

Ulwazi oluneenkcukacha ngeArduino Mega

Isitya UArduino Mega Inayo yonke into onokuyifumana kwipleyiti Arduino Uno I-Rev3, kodwa ngezinye izinto ezenza ukuba ibe namandla ngakumbi, njengoko senditshilo.

Iimpawu zobugcisa, isikimu kunye nepinout

Las Iimpawu zobugcisa Ibhodi yeArduino Mega ekufuneka uyazi ukuba:

• I-Atmel ATmega2560 microcontroller nge-16 Mhz
• Imemori ye-256 KB yememori (i-8KB esetyenziswe yi-bootloader engenakusetyenziselwa iinkqubo zakho)
• Imemori ye-8 KB SRAM.
• Imemori ye-4 KB EEPROM.
• Ombane 5v yokusebenza
• Igalelo ombane 7-12v
• Igalelo lamandla ombane: 6-20v
• Izikhonkwane ezingama-54 zedijithali, ze ezili-15 zibe yi-PWM. Banokuqwalaselwa ngekhowudi ye-Arduino ye-IDE njengeziphumo okanye iziphumo.
• Izikhonkwane ezili-16 zokufaka.
• I-4 ze-UARTs, i-USB, i-RX kunye ne-TX izikhonkwane zonxibelelwano, kunye ne-TWI kunye ne-SPI.
• Izikhonkwane zamandla: 5v ukubonelela ngoku kwiiprojekthi okoko ibhodi ityiswa phakathi kwe-7 kunye ne-12v okanye nge-5v USB. Iphini eyi-3v3 inokubonelela ngombane wee-volts ze-3.3. Izikhonkwane ze-GND zinokusetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa iiprojekthi zakho. Ngelixa ipini ye-IOREF sisikhonkwane ebhodini ukubonelela ngombane wesalathiso apho i-microcontroller isebenza khona.
• Okwangoku ipini nganye ye-I / O yi-40mA DC.
• Okwangoku kuziswa yipini 3v3 ngama-50 mA.

Ndingathanda ukongeza ukuba iArduino Mega ine-polyfuse enokusetyenzwa ngokutsha ukukhusela izibuko layo le-USB kwikhompyuter odibanisa kuyo ibhodi. Ngale ndlela uya kuthintela umonakalo ngenxa yemijikelezo emifutshane kwiiprojekthi zakho okanye izinto ezingaphaya kwesiqhelo ezinokwenzeka. Lo ngumaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko lwangaphakathi olusebenzisa le nguqulo ekhaba kuyo ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-500 mA isetyenzisiwe kwizibuko le-USB, isaphula unxibelelwano ngokuzenzekelayo kude kususwe umthwalo ongaphezulu.

Maxwebhu

Unokuzikhuphelela iphepha lobugcisa okanye iphepha ledatha ngayo yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga neenkcukacha ze-elektroniki zale mveliso, amaza aphezulu kunye nemilinganiselo evunyelweyo ukuze ingonakalisi ibhodi, ipinout epheleleyo, kunye nenani elikhulu lolwazi ongathanda ukuba nalo. Ukwenza oku, unokuzikhuphela kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni:

• Iifayile ze-EAGLE ezinezikimu zabenzi.
• Imizobo ye-elektroniki yebhodi Arduino UNO.
• Ubukhulu bePCB.

IArduino IDE kunye nenkqubo

Inkqubo Arduino Mega, kunye nezinye iimodeli zebhodi yophuhliso, unayo isoftware ebizwa ngokuba yiyo I-Arduino IDE. Eli qonga lophuhliso liyahambelana nazo zombini iiMacOS, iiWindows kunye neLinux. Indawo yonke yasimahla nevulekileyo onokuthi uqale ngayo ukudala iikhowudi zakho zomthombo kwaye uzirekhode ebhodini usebenzisa intambo ye-USB.

• Khuphela iArduino IDE kule khonkco.

Njengoko usazi, le nkqubo isebenzisa ifayile ye- Inkqubo yolwimi Inzalelwane yeArduino yenkqubo ekumgangatho ophezulu yokuqhubekeka ngokuqhubekekayo. Iyafana nezinye iilwimi, kuba isekwe kwi-C ++, ene-syntax efanayo kunye neefom.

Kumanqaku ale bhlogi sihlala siquka ekugqibeleni amanye ikhowudi okanye imizobo yeziqwengana ngeesampulu zekhowudi zokuqalisa ngeprojekthi nganye okanye icandelo esizazisa ngalo. Ke ungaqala ukuthatha amanyathelo akho okuqala. Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi nge-Arduino IDE kunye nendlela yokwenza iiprojekthi zakho, ndiyakumema ukuba ukhuphele ikhosi yethu yasimahla IArduino IDE kwiPDF.

Ukongeza, njengomncedisi kwiiprojekthi zakho ezihambele phambili, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufuna ezinye iiapps okanye isoftware eya kuthi ikuncede ube nayo yonke into echaziweyo kwaye icace gca ukuze ungenzi monakalo. Ke, Uya kuba nomdla wokwazi iiprojekthi ezinje:

• I-KiCad: yindawo ye-EDA yophuhliso lwe-elektroniki enokwenza kuyo imizobo enobunzima kunye noyilo. Isimahla, ngumthombo ovulekileyo, kunye nesoftware yomnqamlezo yeLinux, iMacOS kunye neWindows.
• I-Fritzing: Ngumthombo ovulekileyo osebenzayo kunye nesoftware yeplatform eza kukunceda ukuba wenze iiprojekthi zakho ngendlela yesikimu okanye kwi-3D ukuzibonisa.