Schottky diode: yintoni na kwaye yintoni ekhethekileyo ngayo

El i-schottky diode enye yile Izinto zombane eyona nto inomdla kwiiprojekthi ze-elektroniki. Olona hlobo lukhethekileyo lwediode lunezinto ezikhethekileyo ezenza ukuba ibe yodwa kwaye isebenziseke kwizicelo ezithile. Ngenxa yezantya zayo eziphezulu zokutshintsha, ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-ICs ye-TTL logic.

Kwesi sikhokelo uza kuthi yazi ukuba yintoni na i-diode ye-Schottky, eyaqulunqa, iipropati zayo, izicelo, apho ungayithenga khona, njl.

Yintoni idiode?

Un i-semiconductor diode Iyingxenye ye-elektroniki kunye nee-terminals ezi-2 ezivumela ukujikelezwa kombane wangoku ngayo, kodwa kuphela kwicala elinye, ukuvimba ukudlula ukuya kwelinye. Ezi mpawu zibenza babe luncedo kakhulu kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngombane. Ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zediode, njenge:

• I-avalanche diode okanye iTVS, eziqhuba kwicala elichaseneyo xa i-voltage ebuyela umva idlula i-voltage yokuphuka.
• LED diode, ekwazi ukukhupha ukukhanya kwemibala eyahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke ekubunjweni kwayo. Oku kwenzeka xa abathwali bentlawulo bedlula i-junction kunye ne-emit photons.
• Itonela i-diode okanye i-Esaki, evumela ukukhulisa imiqondiso kunye nokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu. Zingasetyenziswa kwindawo ezinamaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu, imimandla yemagnethi ephezulu, kunye nemitha ephezulu ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
• Gunn diode, ezifana nezo zetonela kwaye ezivelisa ukuchasana okungalunganga.
• laser diode, ifana ne-LED, kodwa inokukhupha i-laser beam.
• diode thermal, inokusebenza njengenzwa yeqondo lokushisa, ekubeni kuxhomekeke kuyo, i-voltage iyahluka.
• Iifoto, efakwe kwi-optical charge carriers, oko kukuthi, i-sensitivity to light. Zingaphinda zisetyenziswe njengezoluvo zokukhanya.
• I-PIN diode, ifana nesiphambuka esiqhelekileyo, kodwa sinecandelo eliphakathi ngaphandle kwe-dopant. Oko kukuthi, umaleko wangaphakathi phakathi kwe-P kunye ne-N. Zisetyenziselwa ukutshintshwa kwe-high-frequency switch, attenuators, okanye i-ionizing detectors ye-radiation.
• Idayode kaSchottky, le diode yeyona nto inomdla kuthi kweli nqaku, yi-diode enentsimbi yoqhagamshelwano ene-voltage ephantsi kakhulu yokuphuka kune-PN.
• stabistor okanye i-diode yereferensi yangaphambili, ekwaziyo ukuzinza ngokugqithisileyo kumbane ohamba phambili.
• i-varicap, i-diode ye-capacitance eguquguqukayo.

Yintoni iSchottky diode?

El I-Schottky diode yathiywa ngegama lefilosofi yaseJamani uWalter Hermann Schottky., ekubeni idala umqobo we-Schottky (i-metal-semiconductor okanye i-MS junction) endaweni yokusebenzisa i-junction ye-semiconductor eqhelekileyo. Ngeso sizathu, kwezinye iindawo uya kuyifumana phantsi kwegama elithi Schottky barrier diode okanye i-surface barrier diode.

Ndiyabulela kuloo manyano, le diode ine ukwehla kwamandla ombane asezantsi kune-PN diode, kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwirediyo yerediyo (RF) kunye nezicelo zokutshintsha ngesantya esiphezulu. Kwakhona, omnye umahluko kunye ne-silicon PN junction diode kukuba inombane ohamba phambili oqhelekileyo we-0.6 ukuya ku-0.75V, ngelixa i-Schottky enye i-0.15 ukuya ku-0.45V. Loo mfuno isezantsi yombane yiyo eyenza ukuba batshintshe ngokukhawuleza.

Ukubuyela kwisihloko se umbutho we-MS, intsimbi idla ngokuba yi tungsten, ichromium, iplatinam, imolybdenum, ezinye iisilicidi (zixhaphake kakhulu kuba zixabiso eliphantsi, zininzi kwaye zineconductivity entle), okanye negolide, ngelixa isemiconductor iqhele ukuba yi-N-type doped silicon, nangona zikwakho nezinye. iikhompawundi zesemiconductors. Icala lensimbi yi-anode, ngelixa icala le-semiconductor lihambelana ne-cathode.

Idiode yeSchottky iswele umaleko wokuncipha, kwaye ihlelwa njengesixhobo semiconductor ye-unipolar, kune-bipolar njenge-PNs. Kwakhona, umsinga uya kuba ngumphumo wabathwali abaninzi (ii-electron) ezihamba nge-diode, kwaye njengoko kungekho ndawo ye-P, akukho bathwali bancinci (imingxuma), kwaye xa i-reverse biased, i-diode iqhuba iyakuyeka ngokukhawuleza, ukucinezela ukuhamba kwangoku.

Schottky diode ukusebenza

Ngokuphathelele Schottky diode ukusebenza, inokusebenza ngeendlela ezininzi ngokuxhomekeke kwi-polarization:

• hayi polarized: Ngaphandle kwe-bias, i-MS junction (ukuba yi-N-type semiconductor), i-electron band conduction okanye i-electrons yamahhala isuka kwi-semiconductor ukuya kwintsimbi ukuseka i-equilibrium state. Njengoko uyazi, xa i-athomu engathathi hlangothi izuza i-electron iba yiyoni engalunganga, kwaye xa ilahlekile iba yiyoni elungileyo. Oko kuya kubangela ukuba iiathom zentsimbi zibe zii-ion ezingalunganga kwaye ezo zikwicala le-semiconductor zibe zilungile, zisebenze njengemimandla yokuncipha. Ekubeni intsimbi ineelektroni ezininzi ezikhululekileyo, ububanzi apho ii-electron zihamba khona azinamsebenzi xa kuthelekiswa nobubanzi ngaphakathi kwendawo yohlobo lwe-N. Oku kubangela ukuba amandla akhelwe ngaphakathi (i-voltage) ikakhulu kwindawo ye-N. I-voltage iya kuba ngumqobo odibana nee-electron kwi-conduction band ye-semiconductor xa uzama ukudlula kwicala lesinyithi (kuphela inani elincinci le-electrons lihamba ukusuka ku-S ukuya ku-M). Ukuze unqobe lo mqobo, ii-electron zamahhala zifuna amandla amakhulu kune-voltage eyakhelwe ngaphakathi okanye akuyi kubakho ngoku.
• Ukwahlulahlula ngokuthe ngqo: Xa i-terminal ye-positive yomthombo wamandla idibaniswe kwi-terminal yensimbi (i-anode) kunye ne-terminal engafanelekanga kwi-N-type semiconductor (i-cathode), i-diode ye-Schottky ihamba phambili. Oko kuvelisa inani elikhulu lee-electron zasimahla kwi-M kunye ne-S, kodwa azikwazi ukuwela ngaphandle kokuba amandla ombane asetyenzisiweyo angaphezulu kwe-0.2v, ukoyisa eso sithintelo (i-voltage edibeneyo). Oko kukuthi, ukuhamba kwangoku.
• Ukuguqula ukwahlulahlulahlula: Kule meko, i-terminal engafanelekanga yokunikezelwa kwamandla iya kudibaniswa kwicala lensimbi (i-anode), kunye ne-positive kwi-N-type semiconductor (cathode). Kwimeko apho, ububanzi bommandla wokunciphisa ukwanda kwaye ukuhamba kwangoku kunqunyulwa. Ayizizo zonke zangoku zinqunyulwe nangona kunjalo, njengoko kukho ukuvuza okuncinci okuhambayo ngoku ngenxa yee-electron ezinemincili kwintsimbi. Ukuba i-voltage ye-bias eguqukayo inyukile, umbane wombane uya kunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe ngenxa yobuthathaka bomqobo. Kwaye ukuba ifikelela kwixabiso elithile, ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwamandla ombane kwenzeka, ukuphula ummandla wokunciphisa kunye nokulimaza i-diode ye-Schottky ngokusisigxina.

Izinto ezilungileyo kunye nokungalunganga kwe-diode ye-Schottky

Njengesiqhelo naso nasiphi na isixhobo okanye inkqubo, uhlala unayo iingenelo nezingeloncedo zayo. Kwimeko yeSchottky diode zi:

Schottky Diode izinto eziluncedo

• Umthamo ophantsi we-junction: Kwi-PN diode ummandla wokunciphisa ukwakhiwa ngeentlawulo ezigciniweyo kwaye kukho i-capacitance. Kwi-diode ye-Schottky ezi ntlawulo azinamsebenzi.
• Ixesha lokubuyisela umva ngokukhawuleza: lixesha apho i-diode ithatha ukuhamba ukusuka kwi-ON (conductive) ukuya kwi-OFF (i-non-conductive), oko kukuthi, isantya sokutshintsha. Oku kuhambelana noku ngasentla, ekubeni ukuze kudlule ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye, iintlawulo ezigcinwe kwindawo yokunciphisa kufuneka zikhutshwe okanye zipheliswe, njengoko ziphantsi kwi-Schottky, ziya kudlula ukusuka kwesinye isigaba ukuya kwesinye ngokukhawuleza. .
• uxinano oluphezulu lwangoku: Esinye isiphumo soku ngasentla kukuba i-voltage encinci yanele ukuvelisa umsinga omkhulu ngenxa yokuba ummandla wokunciphisa uphantse ungabikho.
• Ukuhla kwamandla ombane asezantsi okanye amandla ombane omlilo ophantsi: Iphantsi xa kuthelekiswa ne-diode ye-PN ye-junction eqhelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo i-0.2v ukuya kwi-0.3v, ngelixa ii-PN zihlala zijikeleze i-0.6 okanye i-0.7v. Oko kukuthi, i-voltage encinci iyafuneka ukuvelisa ukuhamba kwangoku.
• Ukusebenza okuphezulu: ngokunxulumene noku kungasentla, kwaye oku kuthetha ukulahla ubushushu obuncinci kwiisekethe zamandla aphezulu.
• Ifanelekile kwiifrikhwensi eziphezulu: Ukuba ngokukhawuleza, banokusebenza kakuhle kwizicelo zeRF.
• Ingxolo encinci: I-Schottky diode ivelisa ingxolo engafunekiyo encinci kuneediode eziqhelekileyo.

Schottky Diode Iingxaki

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye i-bipolar diode, i-diode ye-Schottky inento enye kuphela ebonakalayo engalunganga:

• Umva wangoku wokugcwala okuphezulu: ivelisa umva wogcino lwangoku olukhulu kunePN.

Umahluko kunye ne-PN junction diode

Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokuba i-diode ye-Schottky inokufaka isandla kwiprojekthi yakho, unokubona igrafu yangaphambili kunye neegophe ze-silicon ye-PN kunye ne-GaAs diode, kunye nohlobo lwe-Schottky lwezo zemiconductors ezifanayo. Umahluko eyona nto ibalulekileyo zezi:

Ukusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka kwediode yeSchottky

Iidiode ze-Schottky zixhaphake kakhulu kwiimveliso ezininzi ze-elektroniki. Iipropati zabo ezizodwa kunye neenzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye iidiode zithetha ukuba banazo izicelo ezahlukeneyo njengoko:

• Kwiisekethe zeRF.
• njengabalungisi bamandla.
• Ngoncedo lwamandla olwahlukeneyo.
• Kwiinkqubo ezineepaneli zelanga ukuze zikhuseleke kwi-reverse yokutshaja iibhetri ezihlala zixhunywe kuzo.
• Kwaye okuninzi ...

Kwaye oku, banokuboniswa bobabini ngokuzimeleyo, njengoko ifakwe kwii-ICs.

Uzithenga phi ezi diode

Ukuba ufuna i-Schottky diode kwiiprojekthi zakho okanye uqalise ukuzama ngazo kwaye uziqonde ngcono, unokuzifumana kwiivenkile ezahlukeneyo zombane okhethekileyo, nakwiAmazon. Nantsi into onayo iingcebiso ezithile:

• I-Briefcase ene-300 diodes yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo: i-rectifiers kunye ne-Schottky.
• 20 Schottky diodes 15SQ045
• 20 Schottky diodes 1N5817