El vim umhleli wombhalo ngumntu omdala omaziyo wonke umsebenzisi we Linux. ingakumbi abo iprogram. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo akukho lula kwaye ine-curve yokufunda, kodwa wakuba uyinkosi, iya kuba liqabane lakho elithembekileyo xa uchwetheza ikhowudi. Ke, ukuba ufuna ukuqalisa, siza kukunika isikhokelo esincinci kwimiyalelo ephambili yeVim oya kufuneka usebenzise kwiifayile zakho.
I-Vim yinguqulelo ephuculweyo yomhleli we-Vi owavela kwindawo ye-80. Ngoko ke, nangona i-Vim iyinguqulelo ephuculweyo ye-original kwaye eyandisiweyo ngenxa yokuguquguquka okukhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo ephantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuhamba kuyo, ukusetyenziswa kwempuku kulinganiselwe -ukungatsho ngendlela engenanto-. Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwebhodi yezitshixo kubalulekile kulo mhleli wokubhaliweyo.
Faka iVim kwikhompyuter yakho
Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukufaka umhleli odumileyo ukuze ukwazi ukuyisebenzisa. Enye yezinto ezimangalisayo ezimangalisayo zeVim kukuba yindawo yeplatform, ngoko ungayisebenzisa kuzo zonke iinkqubo zokusebenza. Nangona sele sikuxelele ukuba yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo zeLinux. Ufakelo lwayo kwiLinux lulandelayo:
sudo apt-get install vim
Kunoko, ukuba ufuna ukuyifaka kwiWindows okanye kwiMacOS, Apha sikushiya ezi khonkco zilandelayo kwiphepha layo elisemthethweni, apho uya kuba neenguqulelo zombini kunye ne-terminal kunye nenguqulelo kunye ne-interface ye-GUI. Eyona icetyiswayo kuzo zombini iimeko kukuba usebenzise uguqulelo lweSimina.
Inguqulelo yeWindows
Inguqulelo yeMacOS
Nje ukuba umhleli wombhalo efakwe kwikhompyuter yakho, siyaqhubeka sichaza eyona miyalelo ixhaphakileyo yeVim eya kusebenza njengesiseko sokuhamba kwiifayile ezahlukeneyo ozivula kuyo. Kuba vula ifayile ukuhlela, kuya kufuneka ubhale lo myalelo ulandelayo:
vim nombre-documento-.txt
Kwaye ucinezela iqhosha le-ENTER, siya kuba sele singaphakathi kumhleli we-Vim kunye noxwebhu oluvulekileyo kwaye lulungele ukuba ulunyange.
Imiyalelo yeVim ebalulekileyo ye-forey yakho kumhleli wombhalo odumileyo
Into yokuqala esifuna ukukuxelela yona kukuba nangona kwinguqulelo yayo yoqobo, uninzi lwezitshixo zelo xesha zazingenazo izitshixo zesalathiso, ukufuduswa kwakufuneka kwenziwe ngezinye izitshixo -Ityala libukhali. Kwaye zezi zilandelayo:
- Kunene: l
- Khohlo: h
- Ezantsi: j
- ngasentla: k
- Yiya ekuqaleni koxwebhu esiluvulileyo: gg
- Yiya ekuqaleni komgca: ^
- Yiya ekupheleni komgca: $
- Yiya ekupheleni koxwebhu esiluvulileyo: G
- Skrolela kutshintsho lokugqibela esilwenzileyo: ;
Imiyalelo yeVim yokuhlela izicatshulwa
Nje ukuba siyazi indlela yokuhamba ngeefayile esizivula kwiVim, kunjalo ixesha lokuhlela ezi zicatshulwa. Kwaye ke sikushiya kunye nemiyalelo yeVim oya kuyisebenzisa rhoqo. IVim ineendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo: imo yomyalelo -leyo ivula ngokungagqibekanga-, faka imo kunye nemo yemiyalelo ekwinqanaba eliphezulu.
Ewe, xa ifayile ivuliwe, iVim ilinde ukuba uqale ukuchwetheza imiyalelo embalwa yokuqala. Zintoni ezi? Sinikezela ngazo kuwe ngezantsi:
- Ngenisa imo yokufaka -beka umbhalo omtsha-: i (ukuphuma kule modi kufuneka ucinezele ESC)
- Faka kwaye ubeke umlinganiswa omtsha kanye emva kwekhosi: a
- Ngenisa faka kwaye ubhale ukuya ekupheleni komgca wangoku: A
- Faka umgca omtsha ngezantsi kwekhosi: o
- Faka umgca omtsha ngentla kwekhosi: O
- Buyisela umlinganiswa olungile ekhosini: r (kufuneka ucinezele ngoko nangoko umlinganiswa omtsha ukungena)
- Shicilela ngomshicileli owuqwalasele ngokungagqibekanga: ha!
I-Vim iyalela ukuba usike, ucime kwaye uncamathisele kuxwebhu oluvulelekileyo ngomhleli wombhalo
Siyaqhubeka nokuhlela izicatshulwa esizivulileyo kunye nomhleli wombhalo owaziwayo owazalwa ngo-1991. Kwaye kule meko siza kukushiya nawe. uluhlu lwemiyalelo yeVim oya kuyidinga ukuba ukwazi ukucima, ukusika, ukukopa kunye nokuncamathisela okubhaliweyo ngaphakathi kwefayile.
- Sika umgca wangoku ikhesa ivuliwe: dd (umgca omnye) okanye xdd (ukuba utshintsha 'x' kwinani -3dd, umzekelo-, iilayini ozibonisileyo ukuya kwikhesa ziyakunqunyulwa)
- Ncamathisela isicatshulwa esisikhupheleyo okanye sisike kwindawo apho sicinezela khona umyalelo: p
- Cima umbhalo phantsi kwekhesa: x
- Cima lonke igama apho ikhesa ikhoyo: umqala
- Cima lonke igama apho ikhesa ikhona kwaye ungenise imo yokufaka: cw
- Cima ukusuka kwikhesa ukuya ekupheleni komgca kwaye ufake imowudi yokufaka: c$
- Khuphela umgca wonke: yy
- Khuphela ukusuka apho sinekhesa ukuya esiphelweni somgca: y$
- Khuphela igama elipheleleyo apho sinekhesa: yiw
- Khuphela inombolo yomgca ukusuka apho sibeke khona ikhesa: 2yy, 3yy, ... (imigca emi-2 okanye emi-3 ukusuka apho sinekhesa)
Hlehlisa utshintsho olwenziwe ngemiyalelo yeVim
Okokugqibela, kwesi sikhokelo sincinci somyalelo weVim sikushiya into ekufuneka uyenzile Ukuba ufuna ukuhlehlisa utshintsho olwenziwe ngemiyalelo yangaphambili yenziwe kumhleli wokubhaliweyo.
- Hlehlisa umyalelo wokugqibela ongenisiweyo- :u
- Hlehlisa imiyalelo yokugqibela ebonisa inombolo - :xu (buyisela 'x' ngenani elithile)
- Phinda wenze utshintsho lokugqibela olwenziwe- : yenza kwakhona
- Ukwenza kwakhona lonke utshintsho kwiyure yokugqibela (okanye iiyure ezininzi) - : ngaphambili 1h
- Ukwenza kwakhona utshintsho lwemizuzu embalwa edlulileyo- emva kwe20m (kule meko iyakuba ukusuka kwimizuzu engama-20 yokugqibela)
Njengoko ubona, imiyalelo yeVim mininzi. Kwaye siye sahlala kuphela kwindawo encinci kakhulu kodwa inokukunceda ekwazisweni kwalo mhleli wokubhaliweyo udumileyo kwaye ukwazi ukuphatha iifayile zokuqala ozivula kuyo. Ngokufanayo, Kukho amaxwebhu amaninzi kwi-intanethi malunga nayo. kwaye ungangena nzulu, ukuba uyafuna.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, IVim inoluntu olusebenzayo ngokufanelekileyo eyongeza imisebenzi kunye neendlela ezintsha zokujonga. Ukongeza, ukwenza ukusetyenziswa kwayo kube lula kakhulu-ingakumbi kwi-novices-, kukho iindlela ezizezinye ezinojongano lomsebenzisi olunobuhlobo oko akunanto yakwenza nayo yonke into esikuchazele yona. Ukuba ufuna ukuzifumana, eminye imizekelo yile ilandelayo: