Imodyuli edluliselweyo yeArduino + kunye nerock & roll: ukuxuba i-AC / DC

Emva kwethu Inkqubo yokufundisa kunye namanyathelo okuqala eArduino, ngeli xesha sikulethela isikhokelo esisebenzayo sokusebenza Arduino kunye imodyuli edlulisiweyoOko kukuthi, ukukwazi ukulawula, ngokusebenzisa i-Arduino ephantsi ombane ngokuthe ngqo kwisekethe yangoku, amandla ombane aphezulu atshintsha inkqubo yangoku. Oko kukuthi, oko kwakubonakala kungenakwenzeka ngebhodi elula yeArduino, njengokulawula imithwalo engama-220v, ngoku kunokwenzeka ngemodyuli yokudlulisa.

Ngale ndlela, iya kukuvumela izixhobo zombane zolawulo ezixhumeke kwimibane eyintloko. Kwaye ukuze ingathinteli kakhulu malunga nokuziqhelanisa, ndiza kuzama ukuyicacisa ngendlela enokusetyenziswa kulo naluphi na uhlobo lweprojekthi onokucinga ngayo okanye uhlengahlengiswe ngendlela elula yokwenza eyona nto uyifunayo, kuba zininzi iiprojekthi ezikwi-Intanethi ezizodwa ezisebenzisa ibhodi yeArduino kunye nemodyuli yokudlulisa.

Ukudluliswa:

Masicacise yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga nokudluliselwa.

Yintoni edluliswayo?

Kwi-French relais kuthetha ukuba kudlulisiwe, kwaye oko kunika umqondiso wento edluliswayo eyenzayo. Sisisixhobo esisebenza ngombane esisebenza njenge utshintsho olulawulwayo ngasemlanjeni. Ngesixhobo esine-coil kunye ne-electromagnet, umntu okanye oonxibelelwano olunye unokusetyenzwa ukuvula okanye ukuvala isekethe yombane ezimeleyo, kuba isekethe ithi isebenza ngombane kunye nohlobo lwangoku olwahlukileyo kolulawulayo. Imveliso ilawula isekethe yamandla aphezulu kunongeniso).

Kwakunjalo eyilwe nguJoseph Henry ngo-1835 . Ekuqaleni yayisetyenziselwa oomatshini bocingo, ngaloo ndlela kulawulwa umqondiso ophakamileyo wangoku ovela kumqondiso obuthathaka ofunyenwe kwigalelo. Kancinci kancinci izicelo bezisanda kwaye ngoku zisetyenziselwa uninzi lwamatyala.

Zeziphi iintlobo ezikhoyo?

Ukuba sijonga ngaphakathi kudluliso, kwaye sihlalutye ukusebenza kwayo, Siyabona ukuba ulawulo lwegalelo oluncinci lwangoku lulo olusebenzisa i-electromagnet kunye nokubhijela ubhedu kwaye ihambisa iswitshi okanye iswitshi evula okanye ivale isekethe yamandla ephezulu eya kulawula imveliso yayo. Konke oku kubekelwa ecaleni ngendlela yokukhusela ukukhusela iingozi, kodwa ngaphandle koku, ndinomdla kwenye into kwaye ziindidi ezikhoyo ngokuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwazo.

Los iintlobo edluliselwe esinayo sinokubonwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kwelinye icala, kufuneka sigxile kwindlela yokuvula okanye yokuvala iswitshi kwaye kuxhomekeke kwinto esinayo:

• HAYI okanye ngesiqhelo ivulekile: njengoko igama layo libonisa, zezo ngaphandle kokuvula i-electromagnet, abafowunelwa kwiswitshi okanye kwimveliso bavule, akukho nxibelelwano lombane phakathi kwabo kwaye ke isekethe iya kuvalwa okanye ivulwe kwimeko yayo yesiqhelo. Xa igalelo lisebenza ukuze olu tshintsho, ngalo mzuzu iisetinali zotshintsho ziya kuchukunyiswa kwaye isekethe iya kuvalwa, oko kukuthi, iya kuvumela okwangoku ukuba kudlule.
• I-NC okanye ihlala ivaliwe: Kukuchasene neyangaphambili, ukuphuma kwesekethe kwimeko yesiqhelo okanye yokuphumla kuyakuvumela ukuhamba kwangoku. Kwelinye icala, kwakamsinya nje ukuba kufakwe igalelo, isekethe iyavula kwaye okwangoku kuphazamisekile.

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukwazi xa uthenga relay kuxhomekeke kwiprojekthi esifuna ukuyenza. Kuya kufuneka ucinge malunga nokuba yeyiphi eyona nto iqhelekileyo yeprojekthi yakho, ukuba isixhobo okanye izixhobo ezixhumeke kulungelelwaniso zihlala zisebenza okanye ufuna ukubenza ngamaxesha athile. Kuxhomekeke kuloo nto, kungangcono ukhethe enye okanye enye.

por ejemplo, inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela apho uqhagamshela khona impompo yamanzi kwi-relay ukuze isebenze xa ufuna kuya kuba ngcono ukukhetha i-NA, kuba kuphela xa u-odola kwiqonga le-Arduino apho impompo inokudityaniswa khona. Kwelinye icala, kwinkqubo yokhuseleko apho kuye kufuneke ukuba ixhunywe ngokusisigxina kwaye icinywe kuphela ngamaxesha athile, i-NC iya kufaneleka ngakumbi. Ngale ndlela uya kuthintela ukuba usoloko usondla umyalezo ovela kwibhodi yeArduino ukunyanzela imeko engaqhelekanga ...

Kodwa ngaphandle kwayo, ikhona ezinye iintlobo relays ngokwezinye iimbono, ezinje ngeenkqubo ezizenzayo. Iiklasikhi zezikagesi esizichaze, kwaye zezona zidume kakhulu. Kodwa kukwakho nezinye ezinokuqhutywa zizixhobo ezihlanganisiweyo, oko kukuthi, ngokusekwe kwimeko eqinileyo. Olunye uhlobo olunomdla ngabo banemveliso ebambezelekileyo, oko kukuthi, ukuhanjiswa okunesekethe eyongezelelweyo ukuze isiphumo kwimveliso yabo ukuvula okanye ukuvala isekethe kusemva kwexesha elithile hayi kwangoko.

Ukubuyisela kunye neemodyuli ezizodwa:

Ungasebenzisa ubuninzi beentlobo zokudluliselwa kwiiprojekthi zakho, ezinje ngezo zithengiswa zikhululekile ukuba zihambelana namandla ombane webhodi yeArduino kwigalelo layo. Nangona kunjalo, indlela elula yokuthintela ukungangqinelani okumangazayo ukuba awuqinisekanga ngento oyithengayo oyisebenzisayo Iimodyuli ezenzelwe ngokukodwa iArduino. Kukho iimodyuli ezinodluliso olunye olunxibelelana nebhodi yethu yeArduino ilula kakhulu, kodwa kukwakho nezibini ezifana naleyo unokuyibona kumfanekiso ongentla.

Olu hlobo lwemodyuli ephindiweyo ihlala ibandakanya i-NO edlulisiweyo kunye ne-NC edlulisiweyo ukuze ube nayo yonke into oyifunayo kwiprojekthi yakho kwaye unokuvavanya zombini iinketho ngemodyuli enye ebekwe entabeni efana naleyo Amacwecwe angundoqo Uya kufumana kwimarike.

Unxibelelana njani kunye nenkqubo kunye neArduino?

Nanku umzobo olula we Unxibelelwano lweArduino kunye nemodyuli yokudlulisa. Unxibelelwano lulula kakhulu, njengoko ubona. Ngokucacileyo, ukuba ukhethe imodyuli enelayiti enye okanye enye kuphela oyithengileyo, kuya kufuneka uyiguqule kancinane ukuze uyixhume ngokufanelekileyo. Ngendlela, ukuba ukhethe imodyuli yokuhambisa kabini, ungasebenzisa enye okanye enye kuxhomekeke kwinto ekufaneleyo kwiprojekthi yakho, njengoko senditshilo.

Njengoko ubona, kuya kuba kukubeka intambo evela kwi-GND okanye emhlabeni ukuba kufuneka uqhagamshele kwizikhonkwane ze-GND zokuhambisa okanye imodyuli yakho. Emva koko umgca we-Vcc kufuneka uye kwesinye seepin ze-Arvino ezi-5v. Iya kuba yiyo yonke into efunekayo ukubuyisela ukuhanjiswa, kodwa okwesithathu kuyafuneka. umgca wolawulo "ukuxelela" udluliso ukuze lusebenze xa sifuna okanye xa simiselweyo kwikhowudi yomzobo wethu.

Hlonipha umda wokhuseleko wedluliso, umzekelo, ungagqithi kula ma-250VAC kunye nee-10A ubuninzi obuchazwe ludluliso oluthile. Lumka xa uphatha le sekethe, kuba awudlali "ngokudlala" ngee-voltages ezisezantsi zangoku ezingakuchaphazeliyo, kodwa ungonzakala xa ungalumkanga xa uphatha ezo 220v ...

Ungalubeka olo lawulo okanye umgca womqondiso kuyo nayiphi na indlela Izikhonkwane zokucwangciswa kwedijithali ezicwangcisiweyo ukusuka kwiArduino yakho nokusuka apho ukuya kwigalelo elibhalwe IN kwimodyuli yokudlulisa. Nangona kwisikimu sethu sesi-2 sisetyenzisiwe, ungasebenzisa nantoni na oyifunayo, kodwa khumbula ukuba yeyiphi oyisebenzisileyo ukuguqula ikhowudi ngokufanelekileyo okanye ayizukusebenza ukuba ucacisa enye eyahlukileyo (impazamo eqhelekileyo).

Ndifuna ukuphawula ngezinye iinkcukacha ezimbini zeskimu, enye inokuba apho ndibeke khona "apha isixhobo / izixhobo zakho" unokuqhagamshela ibhalbhu yesibane, ifeni, enye imoto yangoku okanye nasiphi na isixhobo esisebenza umgca we-220v. Ewe kuya kufuneka uyinike amandla ngokufaka isixhobo okanye izixhobo kuthungelwano lombane. Ukwenza oku, ungayiguqula intambo yamandla esixhobo ngokuthi uphazamise enye yeentambo zayo zombini (hayi intambo yomhlaba, ukuba inayo), ungena kulayini ovula okanye ovale isekethe.

Inkqubo yeArduino:

Ungayenza nge I-Arduino IDE, kunye neArdublock okanye iBitbloq, Oko kukuthi, yeyiphi eyona ilungele wena. Ikhowudi elula yokwenza inkqubo iya kuba yile ilandelayo, nangona ungayiguqula ikhowudi okanye uyandise ngokweemfuno zeprojekthi yakho:

const int rele = 2;
/***Setup***/
void setup() {
pinMode(rele,OUTPUT);}
/***Loop***/
void loop() {
digitalWrite(rele, XXX);
}

Ungatshintsha iXX for PHAKAMILEYO okanye PHANTSI kuxhomekeke kwinto ofuna ukuyenza, oko kukuthi, uyicime okanye uyicime ngokwahlukeneyo. Kodwa khumbula ukuba kuya kufuneka ugcine engqondweni ukuba yi-NC okanye u-HAYI ... Ewe, ungongeza enye ikhowudi kwinkqubo yokulibaziseka kwexesha, okanye yenziwe yasebenza okanye yangasebenzi ngokomsitho, mhlawumbi igalelo okanye ubume belinye igalelo leArduino, njengokufaka inzwa kwaye kuxhomekeke ekubeni iyasebenza na okanye ayenzi lutshintsho lokuhambisa, njl.

Sele uyazi ukuba amathuba maninzi kwaye umda kukucinga kwakho. Ungabona ngakumbi okunokwenzeka kunye nemizekelo yekhowudi kwi isifundo sethu. Umzekelo, ukongeza amaxesha ukuze usebenze kwaye usebenze kwisithuba semizuzu eli-1 esinokusebenzisa:

const int pin = 2;

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600); //iniciar puerto serie  pin

Mode(pin, OUTPUT); //definir pin como salida

}

void loop(){

digitalWrite(pin, HIGH); // poner el Pin en HIGH (activar relé)

delay(60000); // esperar un min  digital

Write(pin, LOW); // poner el Pin en LOW (desactivar relé)

delay(60000); // esperar un min

}

Ndiyathemba ukuba esi sifundo sikukhonze kwaye uyafumana Qalisa iiprojekthi zakho zamandla ombane aphezulu...