Ngokuqinisekileyo uninzi lwenu lubonile kwimiboniso bhanyabhanya yentsomi ukuba inzululwazi okanye igeek inengalo erobhothi elawula yonke into nenokuthi ichonge izinto okanye yenze imisebenzi ngokungathi ngumntu. Into esiya sibulela ngakumbi nangakumbi kwiHardware yasimahla kunye neProjekthi yeArduino. Kodwa yintoni ingalo yerobhothi? Yeyiphi imisebenzi enayo le gajethi? Yakhiwa njani ingalo yerobhothi? Emva koko siza kuphendula yonke le mibuzo.
Index
Yintoni ingalo yerobhothi
Ingalo yerobhothi yingalo yoomatshini enesiseko se-elektroniki esivumela ukuba icwangciswe ngokupheleleyo. Ukongeza, olu hlobo lwengalo lunokuba yinto enye kodwa inokuba yinxalenye yerobhothi okanye enye inkqubo yeerobhothi. Umgangatho wengalo yerobhothi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zezinto zoomatshini lelo ingalo yerobhothi icwangciswe ngokupheleleyo ngelixa isixhobo singekho. Lo msebenzi usivumela ukuba sibe nengalo enye yerobhothi kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwaye senze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo eyahlukeneyo, eyahlukeneyo enokwenziwa ngokubonga kwiibhodi ze-elektroniki ezinje ngeebhodi zeArduino.
Imisebenzi yengalo yerobhothi
Ngokufanelekileyo owona msebenzi uphambili wengalo yeerobhothi ngumsebenzi wengalo oncedisayo. Kweminye imisebenzi siya kufuna ingalo yesithathu exhasa into ethile ukuze umntu akwazi ukwakha okanye ukudala into. Akukho nkqubo ikhethekileyo iyafuneka kulo msebenzi kwaye siya kufuna kuphela ukucima isixhobo ngokwaso.
Iingalo zeRobotic zinokwakhiwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezenza ukuba kube lula ukuzisebenzisa endaweni yemisebenzi eyingozi. njengokuphathwa kwezinto zemichiza ezingcolisayo. Ingalo yerobhothi nayo ingasinceda ekwenzeni imisebenzi enzima okanye leyo efuna uxinzelelo olwaneleyo, ukuba nje yakhiwe ngezinto ezomeleleyo nezinganyangekiyo.
Izinto eziyimfuneko ekwakheni kwayo
Okulandelayo siza kukufundisa ngendlela yokwakha ingalo yeerobhothi ngendlela ekhawulezayo, elula neyoqoqosho kuye wonke umntu. Nangona kunjalo, le ngalo irobhothi ayinakuba namandla okanye ibe luncedo njengeengalo esizibonayo kwimiboniso bhanyabhanya kodwa iya kusebenza ekufundeni nasekusebenzeni kwayo. Lo nto, izixhobo esiza kuzifuna ukwakha esi sixhobo:
- Isitya Arduino UNO REV3 okanye ngaphezulu.
- Iibhodi ezimbini zophuhliso.
- Ii-axis servos ezimbini ngokufanayo
- Ii-servos ezimbini ezincinci
- Ulawulo lwe-analog ezimbini ngokuhambelana
- Iintambo zejumper zeebhodi zophuhliso.
- Iteyiphu yokubambelela
- Ikhadibhodi okanye ibhodi ye-foam yesitandi.
- Isikere kunye nezikere.
- Umonde omninzi.
Indibano
Ukudityaniswa kwale ngalo irobhothi kulula. Kuqala kufuneka sisike oonxande ababini kunye nogwebu; Ngalunye lolo xande luya kuba yinxalenye yengalo yerobhothi. Njengoko ubona kwimifanekiso, ezi zixande ziya kufuneka zibe bubungakanani esifuna bona, nangona kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubungakanani bomnye wabo ngu-16,50 x 3,80 cm. kwaye uxande lwesibini lunobungakanani obulandelayo 11,40 x 3,80 cm.
Nje ukuba sibe noxande, kwisiphelo esinye soxande ngasinye okanye umtya siya kuyibamba kwiservotor nganye. Emva kokwenza oku, siza kusika u "U" wegwebu. Oku kuyakusebenza njengenxalenye yokubamba okanye yokuphela kwengalo, eya kuthi ibe sisandla somntu. Siza kulidibanisa eli qhekeza liye kwi-servomotor ekwelona xande lincinci.
Ngoku kufuneka senze icandelo elisezantsi okanye isiseko. Ngale nto siza kwenza inkqubo efanayo: Siza kusika isikwere sogwebu kwaye sibeke ii-motor axis servo motors ngokufanayo nakulo mfanekiso ulandelayo:
Ngoku kufuneka sidibanise zonke iimoto kwibhodi yeArduino. Kodwa okokuqala, kufuneka sidibanise uqhagamshelo kwibhodi yophuhliso kwaye oku nakwibhodi yeArduino. Siza kudibanisa ucingo olumnyama kwipini ye-GND, ucingo olubomvu siya kuqhagamshela kwipini ye-5V kunye neengcingo ezityheli ukuya -11, -10, 4 kunye -3. Siza kudibanisa iindawo zokuzonwabisa okanye ulawulo lwengalo yeerobhothi kwibhodi yeArduino, kule meko njengoko umfanekiso ubonisile:
Nje ukuba yonke into idityaniswe kwaye ihlanganiswe kufuneka sidlulise inkqubo siye kwibhodi yeArduino, ekuya kufuneka siyidibanise nebhodi yeArduino kwikhompyuter okanye kwiLaptop. Nje ukuba siyigqithise inkqubo kwibhodi yeArduino, kufuneka siqiniseke ukuba qhagamshela iintambo kwibhodi yeArduino nangona sinokuhlala siqhubeka nebhodi yophuhliso kwaye sihlanganise yonke into, le yokugqibela ukuba sifuna kuphela ukuba ifunde.
Isoftware efunekayo ukuze isebenze
Nangona kubonakala ngathi sigqibile ukwakha ingalo yerobhothi, inyani kukuba kusekho okuninzi phambili kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukwenza okanye ukwenza inkqubo enika ubomi kwingalo yethu yeerobhothi kuba ngaphandle kwayo, ii-servomotors azizukuyeka ukuba ziindlela ezilula zewotshi ezijikeleza ngaphandle kwentsingiselo.
Oku kusonjululwa ngokudibanisa ibhodi yeArduino kwikhompyuter yethu kwaye sivule inkqubo I-Arduino IDE, Siqhagamshela ikhompyuter ebhodini kwaye sibhale le khowudi ilandelayo kwifayile engenanto:
#include <Servo.h> const int servo1 = 3; // first servo const int servo2 = 10; // second servo const int servo3 = 5; // third servo const int servo4 = 11; // fourth servo const int servo5 = 9; // fifth servo const int joyH = 2; // L/R Parallax Thumbstick const int joyV = 3; // U/D Parallax Thumbstick const int joyX = 4; // L/R Parallax Thumbstick const int joyP = 5; // U/D Parallax Thumbstick const int potpin = 0; // O/C potentiometer int servoVal; // variable to read the value from the analog pin Servo myservo1; // create servo object to control a servo Servo myservo2; // create servo object to control a servo Servo myservo3; // create servo object to control a servo Servo myservo4; // create servo object to control a servo Servo myservo5; // create servo object to control a servo void setup() { // Servo myservo1.attach(servo1); // attaches the servo myservo2.attach(servo2); // attaches the servo myservo3.attach(servo3); // attaches the servo myservo4.attach(servo4); // attaches the servo myservo5.attach(servo5); // attaches the servo // Inizialize Serial Serial.begin(9600); } void loop(){ servoVal = analogRead(potpin); servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 0, 179); myservo5.write(servoVal); delay(15); // Display Joystick values using the serial monitor outputJoystick(); // Read the horizontal joystick value (value between 0 and 1023) servoVal = analogRead(joyH); servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 0, 180); // scale it to use it with the servo (result between 0 and 180) myservo2.write(servoVal); // sets the servo position according to the scaled value // Read the horizontal joystick value (value between 0 and 1023) servoVal = analogRead(joyV); servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 70, 180); // scale it to use it with the servo (result between 70 and 180) myservo1.write(servoVal); // sets the servo position according to the scaled value delay(15); // waits for the servo to get there // Read the horizontal joystick value (value between 0 and 1023) servoVal = analogRead(joyP); servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 70, 180); // scale it to use it with the servo (result between 70 and 180) myservo4.write(servoVal); // sets the servo position according to the scaled value delay(15); // waits for the servo to get there // Read the horizontal joystick value (value between 0 and 1023) servoVal = analogRead(joyX); servoVal = map(servoVal, 0, 1023, 70, 180); // scale it to use it with the servo (result between 70 and 180) myservo3.write(servoVal); // sets the servo position according to the scaled value delay(15); // waits for the servo to get there /** * Display joystick values */ void outputJoystick(){ Serial.print(analogRead(joyH)); Serial.print ("---"); Serial.print(analogRead(joyV)); Serial.println ("----------------"); Serial.print(analogRead(joyP)); Serial.println ("----------------"); Serial.print(analogRead(joyX)); Serial.println ("----------------"); }
Siyayigcina kwaye emva koko siyithumela kwipleyiti Arduino UNO. Ngaphambi kokugqiba ngekhowudi siya kwenza iimvavanyo ezifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto zokuzonwabisa ziyasebenza kwaye ikhowudi ayibonisi naziphi na iimpazamo.
Sele ndiyifakile, ngoku kuza kuthini?
Ngokuqinisekileyo uninzi lwenu belungalindelanga ukuba olu hlobo lwesandla seerobhothi, nangona kunjalo lulungile ngenxa yeziseko zalo, iindleko elinazo kunye nendlela yokufundisa indlela yokwakha iirobhothi. Ukusuka apha yonke into yeyethu yokucinga. Oko kukuthi, singazitshintsha izixhobo, iinjini ze-servo kwaye sigqibe ikhowudi yenkqubo. Ayicacanga loo nto nayo Singayitshintsha imodeli yebhodi yeArduino ukuze ibe namandla ngakumbi kwaye igqibelele evumela ukuba sikwazi ukudibanisa ulawulo olukude okanye usebenze nge-smartphone. Ngamafutshane, uluhlu olubanzi lwamathuba anikezelwa yiHardware yasimahla yeHardware kunye neengalo zerobhothi.
Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe - Imiyalelo
Ngokuqinisekileyo ukushicilelwa kwe-3D ngumnyango wezinto ezinkulu. Ndisebenze neNgonyama 2 kuyilo lwam kwaye iziphumo zindonwabisile. Kuba ndacetyiswa ukuba ndifunde ngayo kwi http://www.leon-3d.es Sele ibambe umdla wam kwaye xa ndiyizama kwaye ndangqina ukuzinza kunye neenkcukacha kwisiphumo sokugqibela, bendisazi ukuba loluphi utyalo mali endilwenzileyo.