Phantse zonke iimoto eziveliswayo ngoku zinento yokubona yokupaka okanye sele idityanisiwe inzwa yokupaka. Ezi ntlobo zoluvo zivamise ukusondela kubenzi boluvo olusondeleyo olumkisa wena xa uza kubetha into kwaye zikulumkise ngesandi okanye ezinye iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezibandakanya ikhamera kwaye zikubonise umfanekiso kunye neminye imigca yemida ebhodini ukubonisa.
Yiba njalo, olu hlobo lwesixhobo kuyenzeka kakhulu ukupaka ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ungayenzi "ngendlebe" njengezinye… Oku kuyakuthintela utyelelo kubasebenzi bomzimba ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwe kukubetha ibollard okanye enye imoto emileyo. Kodwa ngelishwa, ayizizo zonke iimoto ezinayo, kwaye uninzi lweemoto ezindala azinayo. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba awukwazi ukumilisela enye emotweni yakho. Apha siza kukubonisa indlela yokwenza.
Thenga inzwa yokupaka
Sele zikhona iimvakalelo zokupaka ezenziwe kwimarike kwabo bangenzeleli kangako kwezi zinto. Ke ukuba awungomenzi kwaye awuyithandi i-DIY, unokukhetha ezi ntlobo zeemveliso ezingabizi xabiso liphezulu. Ezinye zinokusetyenziselwa ukubuyisela inzwa yokupaka ukuba eyakho kwimoto yakho yonakele okanye ukuyifaka kwimoto ebingenayo njengomgangatho.
Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo, kwaye inokuba isuka kwi-20 ukuya kwi-30 euros. Zonke zihlala zineenzwa ezininzi zokubeka kwindawo ebumqolo ngasemva kwemoto yakho kwaye zikhokele ukufakwa kweengcingo ngaphakathi kwigumbi lokukhwela ukubeka isixhobo esikhupha isandi ngaphakathi. Ezinye zibandakanya umboniso omncinci obonisa umgama wokubetha into ngasemva.
También ukho ezinye zihambele phambili ngakumbi, kwaye endaweni yee-sensors baneekhamera. Ngokubhekisele kwimbonakalo efakwe kwezi meko ngaphakathi, siscreen esiya kubonisa umfanekiso onokuwubona ukupaka imoto ngendlela elula. Kule meko, ixabiso lijikeleze i- € 50.
Yenza eyakho inzwa yokupaka
Ngoku ukuba ufuna ukuzenzela ngokwakho, ungasebenzisa le projekthi usebenzisa ibhodi ye-arduino, Ikhowudi elula yenkqubo yayo, kunye nabenzi boluvo be-ultrasound ukulinganisa imigama enje nge-HC-SR04. Ukuba ukhetha, ungohluka lo mgama woluvo kwabanye esiwuchaze kwiHwLibre ukongeza ukuchaneka okukhulu, nangona oku kuya kwanela.
Sisebenza njani isivamvo sokupaka?
Okokuqala, kuya kufuneka uyiqonde kakuhle indlela esebenza ngayo inzwa yokupaka imoto. Isixhobo esisisiseko. Umgaqo-siseko esekwe kuwo yile Linganisa imigama ngoncedo lwe-ultrasonic okanye i-optical sensor. Xa ikumgama othile ukusuka ekubetheni into, iya kukhupha umqondiso, ihlala ivakala ngendlela ye-buzzer okanye efanayo. Ngale ndlela, umqhubi uya kulazi ixesha lokuma ukuze angaphazami.
Ngoko ke, Yile nto kufuneka uphinde uyenze ngeArduino, Sebenzisa inzwa enye okanye ezingaphezulu, kwaye xa befumanisa umgama othile, i-microcontroller isebenze inkqubo ye-buzzer okanye ebonakalayo elumkisa. Ukudibanisa ngaphezu kwesinye isivamvo somgama kuya kuvumela ukuchaneka okungaphezulu kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo, kuba xa inzwa enye awuyi kuba nakho ukulumkisa ngezinto ezingekho kuluhlu lwenzwa.
Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe - VL53L0X isivamvo laser / HC-SR04 Ultrasonic woluvo
Izinto ezifunekayo
Ukwenza eyakho inzwa yokupaka Uya kudinga:
- Ipayiti yelayisensi Arduino, inokuba ziimodeli ezininzi onazo kunye neepleyiti ezifanelekileyo.
- Isivamvo se-Ultrasounds IHC-SR04, nangona ungasebenzisa efanayo.
- Ii-LED okanye ii-buzzer, njengoko ufuna ukuseka isandi okanye uphawu olubonakalayo. Kule meko, zombini iimpawu ezibonakalayo nezivakalayo zisetyenziswa kunye duma. Khumbula ukuba xa uthenga i-buzzer elula, uzakufuna ezinye izinto ezongezelelweyo njengoko sinika inqaku kwinqaku esilinikezela kwi-buzzer, kodwa ukuba uyifumana ngendlela yemodyuli iya kudibanisa yonke into oyifunayo ...
- Cables dupont zonxibelelwano.
- 3 Ukuxhathisa de I-220 ohms ukhetho
- Ibhodi yesonka o PCB ukuba ufuna ukuyi solder ukuyenza isigxina.
Uyenza njani inyathelo ngenyathelo
Nje ukuba unayo yonke into oyifunayo, oku kulandelayo qhagamshela izinto ngokufanelekileyo. Ukwenza oku, unokulandela iskimu esilula sale setyhula endikubonisa sona apha. Unxibelelwano lulula kakhulu. Nje ukuba yonke into idityaniswe, kuya kufuneka kuphela ukwenza inkqubo yolawulo oluncinci ukusuka kwiArduino IDE.
Kule meko, sisebenzisa ii-LEDs ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo emithathu. Umzekelo, inokuba luhlaza olunye, nye tyheli, nobomvu omnye, nangona ungasebenzisa eminye imibala. Oluhlaza luya kubonisa ukuba ungaqhubeka nokuguqula ngaphandle kweengxaki. Mthubi ibonisa ukuba kufuneka ulumke kuba isondela kwinto leyo, kwaye ibomvu xa kufuneka umise umngcelele ukunqanda ukungqubana. Umgama ophawulwe njengobonakalayo, ukuthintela kunye nokumisa kufuneka ulungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo ...
El Umzobo weArduino IDE ekufuneka yenziwe ukuba isekethe isebenze, iya kuba:
#define pulso 9 //pin para el pulso en el #9 #define rebote 8 //pin donde recibe rebote en el #8 #define led_verde 13 //LED verde #define led_amarillo 12 //LED amarillo #define led_rojo 11 //LED rojo #define SIN_PROBLEMA 100 //Distancia razonable de 1m #define PRECAUCION 20 //Distancia peligrosa 20 cm int distancia; //Variable distancia float tiempo; //Variable de tiempo void setup() { //Declaraciones para las salidas o entradas de cada pin Serial.begin(9600); pinMode(pulso, OUTPUT); pinMode(rebote, INPUT); pinMode(led_verde, OUTPUT); pinMode(led_amarillo, OUTPUT); pinMode(led_rojo, OUTPUT); } void loop() { digitalWrite(pulso,LOW); //Estabilizar el sensor antes de comenzar delayMicroseconds(5); digitalWrite(pulso, HIGH); //Enviar pulso ultrasonido delayMicroseconds(10); tiempo = pulseIn(rebote, HIGH); //Mide el tiempo distancia = 0.01715*tiempo; //Calcula la distancia a la que estás del objeto if(distancia > SIN_PROBLEMA) //Evalúa la distancia { digitalWrite(led_verde, HIGH); digitalWrite(led_amarillo, LOW); digitalWrite(led_rojo, LOW); } else if (distancia <= SIN_PROBLEMA && distancia > PRECAUCION) //Distancia de precaución { digitalWrite(led_verde, LOW); digitalWrite(led_amarillo, HIGH); digitalWrite(led_rojo, LOW); } else //si la distancia es menor de 20 centímetros o menor -> ALERTA { digitalWrite(led_verde, LOW); digitalWrite(led_amarillo, LOW); digitalWrite(led_rojo, HIGH); } delay(10); }
Unokuguqula iikhowudi ukongeza ngaphezulu kwento enye yokubeka emacaleni nakwindawo esembindini yemoto yakho. Ungatshintsha kwakhona imigama ethathwa njengekhuselekileyo, yokhuseleko, okanye enobungozi ngokusekwe kubuchule bakho okanye indlela onomdla ngayo. Unokuguqula iithowuni zebuzzer. Ukusebenzisa iikhamera, ungayenza usebenzisa enye indlela, kwaye uqhagamshele ngokulula umqondiso ukusuka kwiscreen se-LCD ukuya kumqondiso wesithombe ovela kwiikhamera ...
Njengoko ubona, yikhowudi elula kakhulu. Ngoku ingayinto yokuhamba ukusuka kwibhodi yesonka ukuya kwi uyilo oluzinzileyo Ukuyishiya isebenza ngokusisigxina emotweni yakho. Ukulungiselela oko, wakuba uqinisekisile ukuba usebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ungawathengisa kwiipleyiti ezenziwe ngeplastiki okanye kwi-PCB ukuyifaka emotweni ...