Iiprojekthi ezinxulumene neArduino zithandwa kakhulu kwaye njengoko kwenzekile ngeRaspberry Pi, yenye yeeprojekthi Hardware Libre isetyenziswa kakhulu phakathi kweenkampani. Yiyo loo nto siza kuthetha ngayo Olunye udibaniso oludumileyo phakathi kwabasebenzisi beArduino: LCD + Arduino.
Umboniso weLCD sisixhobo esandayo soqoqosho kwaye siyafikeleleka, eyenza ukhetho olukhulu ukuhamba nebhodi yethu yeArduino. Kodwa Ngaba isikrini seLCD singasetyenziswa kunye nebhodi yethu yeArduino? Zeziphi iiprojekthi ezinokusetyenziswa ngeLCD kunye neArduino, ngaba olu dibaniso lufanele ukusetyenziswa?
Yintoni iLCD?
Abasebenzisi be-Novice abazi ukuba yintoni i-LCD emele yona, nangona baya kuyibona kaninzi ebomini babo. I-LCD imele i-Liquid Crystal Display, okanye yintoni eza kuba yiLiquid Crystal Display. Isikrini esincinci okanye esikhulu abaninzi bethu abaye baziwa kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-alarm clocks, izikrini zokubukela, ii-calculators, njl ... Inani elingapheliyo lezixhobo zombane ezandisiweyo ngenxa yokudibanisa i-LCD + Arduino kunye Hardware Libre.
Izikrini ze-LCD ziyahambelana nayo nayiphi na Hardware Libre, kuquka iibhodi zeProjekthi yeArduino, nangona zifuna ukuba iibhodi zinezidibanisi ezithile okanye izikhonkwane zokwenza unxibelelwano phakathi kwebhodi ye-elektroniki kunye nescreen seLCD.
Okuphambili, akukho sithintelo ekusebenziseni ubungakanani obahlukeneyo bescreen seLCD. Ngamanye amagama, ibhodi enye yeArduino inokusebenzisa ii-intshi ezintlanu, ezingama-5 “Iscreen seLCD okanye ubungakanani beempawu ezi-20 × 5, ukuthetha ngobukhulu obuncinci. Kodwa kufuneka siyazi loo nto Ibhodi yeArduino ayifani nekhadi lemizobo okanye ibhodi yomama, ke umyalezo oza kuboniswa kwiscreen awuyi kusebenza ngokufanayo kwiscreen esincinci kwiscreen esikhulu, ukuba ikwibhodi enye yeArduino.
Izikhonkwane esiza kuzifuna kwibhodi yeArduino ukuqhagamshela kwiscreen seLCD ziya kuba zezi zilandelayo:
- GND kunye neVCC
- contrast
- RS
- RW
- En
- Izikhonkwane D0 ukuya kwi-D7
- Izikhonkwane ezimbini zokuKhanyisa ngasemva
Ukuba unezikhonkwane ezaneleyo nezikhonkwane ezihambelana noku kungasentla, Iscreen seLCD siza kusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo nebhodi yeArduino. Kusoloko kucetyiswa ukuba ujonge izikhonkwane zazo zombini izixhobo ukuqinisekisa ukuba unxibelelwano lukhona. Ngayiphi na imeko, kunqabile kwibhodi yeArduino engenakunxibelelana nomboniso we-lcd kwaye ukuba unokuba kwimeko enjalo, kukho iimodyuli ze-lcd ezahlukeneyo kwintengiso ezinxibelelana ngokulula neArduino kwaye ixabiso layo lifikeleleka.
Zeziphi iintlobo zezikrini ze-LCD ezikhoyo?
Okwangoku sifumana iintlobo ezintathu zezikrini ze-LCD kwintengiso:
- Imigca lcd.
- I-LCD ngamanqaku.
- Umboniso weOLED.
- Umboniso we-LED.
- Umboniso weTFT.
El Umgca weLCD luhlobo lwesikrini esibonisa ulwazi kwimigca. Ulwazi lubekwe kwimigca kwaye asinakuphuma ngaphandle kwesakhelo. Olu hlobo lweLCD lolona lusetyenziswa kakhulu, lubeka imali kwaye luyaziwa kodwa ikwaluhlobo lweLCD olunika umdlalo omncinci, ukusukela ibonisa kuphela ulwazi oluthile kwaye ihlala ibhaliwe.
El I-lcd echaziweyo Isebenza phantse ngokufana nohlobo lwangaphambili lwe-lcd, kodwa ngokungafaniyo neyangaphambili, kwi I-lcd ngamanqaku sine-matrix yamanqaku. Ke, kolu hlobo lwe-LCD singabeka isicatshulwa kunye nemifanekiso naphina kwiscreen se-lcd. Yintoni egqithisile sinokuba nobungakanani obahlukeneyo befonti ngaphakathi kwiscreen se-LCD, into engenzeki kumboniso we-lcd yemigca, ekufuneka ubungakanani bayo buhlale bufana.
El Umboniso weOLED Kungenxa yeentlobo ezininzi zokubonisa ngelixa abanye kungaphakathi kweentlobo ze-LCD. Umboniso we-OLED siscreen esibonisa ulwazi kodwa ukwakhiwa kwayo kwahlukile kwesikrini seLCD ukusukela oko isebenzisa ii-diode ezikhokelwayo ezinezinto eziphilayo ekudalweni kwayo. Ngokungafaniyo neentlobo zangaphambili, iziboniso ze-OLED zibonelela ngesisombululo esiphezulu, umbala kunye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi. Njengabahloli beekhompyuter okanye ichaphaza le-lcd, izikrini ze-OLED zisebenzisa imatriki yamachaphaza okanye iipikseli (kuba sinokusebenzisa imibala emininzi kwisibonisi esifanayo) ukubonisa umxholo.
El Umboniso we-LED okanye weLDD uyafana nokubonisa i-OLED, kodwa ii-diode ezikhokelwayo aziqulathanga izinto eziphilayo. Ukusebenza kwayo akukho phezulu njengomboniso we-OLED kodwa inika isisombululo ngakumbi kunesikrini seLCD esinamachaphaza kwaye inika umbala.
El Ukuboniswa kwe-TFT lolona hlobo lwamva lwe-LCD olukhoyo kwimarike. Singatsho ukuba umboniso we-TFT usebenzisa iipikseli ezinje ngeemonitha zekhompyuter okanye oomabonakude kwaye sinokukhupha naluphi na uhlobo lolwazi kwezi zikrini. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwayo kukhulu kunazo naziphi na iintlobo zangaphambili kungoko kusetyenziswa ubungakanani obuncinci. Ubungakanani beziboniso bulinganiswa nge-intshi ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zemiboniso. Zilinganiswa ngoonobumba okanye ububanzi bescreen.
Ziziphi iimodeli ezithandwa kakhulu?
Enkosi kurhwebo lwe-Intanethi sinokufumana iimodeli ezingenakubalwa zemiboniso ye-LCD, kodwa zimbalwa kuphela ezaziwa kakhulu. Olu dumo lubangelwa kukufunyanwa ngokulula, amaxabiso, ukusebenza kwayo okanye nje umgangatho wayo.. Apha sithetha ngezi modeli:
INokia 5110 LCD
Lo mboniso uvela kwiifowuni ezindala zeNokia 5110. I-LCD yezi mobiles igqithile kwiselfowuni kwaye inkampani iye yaqhubeka nokuthengisa lo mboniso ukuze isetyenziselwe wona. Isikrini sine-monochrome kwaye luhlobo lwe-Lineas LCD. Umboniso weNokia 5110 ubonelela ngemigca engama-48 kunye neekholamu ezingama-84. Amandla ayo anika ithuba lokuba ubonise imifanekiso nangona ingasebenzi kakuhle. Ukusebenza kwayo kuhle kakhulu nangona Kuya kufuneka sisebenzise ukukhanyisa ngasemva ukuze sikwazi ukujonga ngokuchanekileyo isikriniNgokubanzi ihlala ihamba kunye nolu khanyiso nangona kunokubakho iimodyuli eziswele lo msebenzi. Umboniso usebenzisa umqhubi wePhilips PCD8544. Iscreen seNokia 5110 LCD sinokufunyanwa apha iivenkile ze-1,8 euro.
IHitachi HD44780 LCD
Imodyuli IHitachi HD44780 LCD Yimodyuli eyenziwe ngumenzi weHitachi. Iphaneli ye-lcd yi-monochrome kwaye luhlobo lomgca. Singafumana Imodeli enemigca emi-2 yoonobumba abali-16 inye kunye nenye imodeli enemigca emi-4 yoonobumba abangama-20 inye. Sihlala sifumana umboniso weHitachi HD44780 LCD kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba sifumane isilawuli seHitachi HD44780 ngaphandle kwescreen, ixabiso linokusinceda kule meko, iindleko isikrini kunye nomlawuli we-1,70 euro kwaye kuphela umqhubi we-0,6 euro.
I-O2 LCD yeOLED
Lo mboniso we-lcd luhlobo lwe-OLED. I-I2C OLED LCD siscreen se-OLED yesikrini esine-intshi esidibanisa neArduino ngomgaqo olandelwayo we-I2C, Le protocol isebenzisa ibhasi eya kumacala amabini evumela ukuba sigcine izikhonkwane, Kufuneka izikhonkwane ezine phambi kwezinto eziyimfuneko ezikhankanywe ngaphambili. Umqhubi walesi sikrini seLCD uqhelekileyo ukuze sikwazi ukusebenzisa iilayibrari zamahhala ekusebenziseni kwayo. Ixabiso lale modeli alibizi kangako njengeemodeli zangaphambili kodwa ukuba liyafikeleleka ngabasebenzisi abaninzi, sinako fumana 10 euro iyunithi.
I-E-Ink LCD
Isikrini se-E-Ink LCD sisebenzisa i-inki ye-elektroniki ukubonisa ulwazi. Njengazo zonke iimodeli, isebenzisa umgaqo-nkqubo we-I2C ukunxibelelana no-Arduino. Izikrini ziluhlobo lwe-TFT kodwa zisebenzisa i-inki ye-elektroniki eyenza ukuba ukusetyenziswa kusezantsi kakhulu kodwa ngaphandle kokuphulukana nesisombululo. Nangona kungekho zikrini zemibala (okwangoku), zizonke kwinqanaba elimnyama nelingwevu.
Njengomdla onomdla malunga nale modeli yezikrini ze-LCD, kufuneka sitsho ukuba amaxabiso kunye nobukhulu bamanyene. Singa fumana ubungakanani obahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu obukhulu, ubiza kakhulu isikrini. Ke, izikrini ze-E-Ink ezi-1 okanye 2,5 intshi Banexabiso lama-25 euros kwiyunithi nganye. Iiphaneli ezinkulu zinokufikelela kwi-euro ezingama-1.000 ngeyunithi nganye.
Ukudibanisa njani isikrini seLCD kwiArduino?
Unxibelelwano phakathi kwesikrini seLCD kunye neArduino ilula kakhulu. Kumthetho kufuneka silandele izikhonkwane ezichazwe apha ngasentla kwaye sizidibanise nebhodi yeArduino. Umzobo woqhagamshelo unokuba zezi zilandelayo:
Kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela kwento ekufuneka siyithathele ingqalelo ukudibanisa isikrini seLCD neArduino. Yintoni egqithisile Kuya kufuneka sisebenzise ithala leencwadi eliza kusinceda ukuba sinike inkqubo esiyila ikhowudi eyimfuneko ukuze isebenze ngokuchanekileyo nescreen. Le venkile ibizwa ngokuba LiquidCrystal.h kwaye inokufumaneka simahla nge Indawo esemthethweni yeArduino. Eli thala leencwadi kufuneka lisetyenziswe njengawo onke amanye amathala eencwadi, libhengeza ekuqaleni kwekhowudi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
Indlela elula nekhawulezayo yebhodi yeArduino yokusebenza nescreen seLCD.
Ngaba kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe isikrini seLCD kwiprojekthi yethu?
Ukuqhubeka noku kungasentla, Kuya kufuneka sizibuze ukuba ingaba kufanelekile na ukuba nescreen seLCD kunye neArduino kwiprojekthi yethu okanye kwiprojekthi. Ngokwam, ndicinga ukuba kwiiprojekthi ezithile kufanelekile kwaye ezinye ziyinto yobuqu kunokuba iyimfuneko. Umzekelo, sinokuthetha ngeemodeli zakutshanje zabashicileli be3D, iimodeli ezongeza kuphela kwezinye iimeko ukubonisa kweLCD kwaye akukho enye into, kodwa ixabiso lemodeli libiza kakhulu.
Kule meko, andicingi ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba kusetyenziswe umboniso weLCD, kodwa oku akunjalo kwiiprojekthi ezithile apho umboniso weLCD ubaluleke kakhulu. Imizekelo yamva yeeprojekthi ezinje ngeewotshi, ikhonsoli yomdlalo okanye indawo ekuthiwa yiGPS. Iiprojekthi ezithi kufuneka ube ujongano lomzobo ukuze usebenze ngokukuko. Oko sikuthethayo kunokuba sisidenge, ngakumbi kubasebenzisi abaziingcali, kodwa naliphi na icandelo linokwenza nayiphi na iprojekthi ibize kakhulu kwaye iyenze ingaphumeleli. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuvavanya ukuba iprojekthi yethu kufuneka ibe nescreen seLCD okanye hayi.