Akukho ngcaphephe kwi-electronics, igcisa lokulungisa iikhompyuter, igcisa lezixhobo zenethiwekhi, umenzi okanye i-DIY hobbyist inokudlula ngekhithi elungileyo. izixhobo zombane. Ngesi sizathu, kweli nqaku siya kucebisa ezinye zezona zilungileyo onokuthi uzithenge, ukongeza ekuboniseni ezona zixhobo zixhaphakileyo kunye nokuba yintoni na nganye yazo, ukuba uqala ngalo mbandela kwaye ubungazi. okwangoku.
Iingcebiso zokuthenga
Ukuba ujonge izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zombane, kufuneka uzazi ezi iingcebiso zeebrifkheyisi okanye iikiti nayo yonke into oyifunayo ukuqala:
- I-PC yokutshintsha kunye nezikrufu zeLaptop yeHlabathi:
- Ukutshintsha ibhetri yeCR2032 yeBIOS/UEFI:
- Umbane, inethiwekhi kunye ne-coaxial cable crimpers:
- Ikhadi lePOST loxilongo lwePC:
- Itshaja yeLaptop yeHlabathi jikelele:
- Ixhasa ukuwelda kunye nokulungiswa:
- Iiglavu ezi-Anti-static (ESD) kunye neebhedi zeminwe:
Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo
- Imaski ye-3M FFP3 ukunqanda iingxaki zokutshisa i-welding kunye nezinye iityhefu ezinje ngomphunga weresin, okanye amasuntswana ayingozi:
- Itreyi enemagnethi ukunqanda ukuphulukana nezikrufu ngexesha lokuchithwa kwesixhobo kunye netreyi ye-anti ESD:
- Abaququzeleli beScrew kunye Izinto zombane:
- I-Isopropyl yotywala yokucoca:
- Ukutshiza kunye ne-vacuum yokucoca iindawo zokubeka, i-heatsinks, iikhibhodi, izibuko, njl.
- Iikiti okanye izixhobo zezixhobo zokulungisa kunye nokuvula iiPC, iilaptops, izixhobo zombane kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo zohlobo oludumileyo lwe-iFixit:
Zeziphi izixhobo ze-elektroniki ezibalulekileyo
Ngokuphathelele ezona zixhobo zidumileyo ze-elektroniki, nankuya uluhlu olunezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kunye noncedo lwazo:
- Izikrufu: Ukuqinisa (ukujikeleza ngokwewotshi okanye ngokwewotshi) okanye ukukhulula (i-counterclockwise okanye i-counterclockwise rotation) izikhonkwane zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu. Ngokuxhomekeke kwingcebiso abayisebenzisayo, sinokufumana:
- Plano: Yenye yezinto zokuqala ze-screwdriver eziye zavela, ukuqinisa okanye ukukhulula izikrufu ngentloko yeflethi okanye slot. Ayizizo ezona zidumileyo kwi-electronics (ziya ziphelelwa lixesha), okanye ezona zikhuselekileyo, nangona kunjalo, akukhe kube buhlungu ukuba nenye yezi screwdrivers esandleni.
- Philips okanye inkwenkwezi: Olu hlobo lolunye lwezona zidumileyo. Zisetyenziselwa izikrufu ezinentloko eneenkwenkwezi. Babenelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza nguHenry Phillips ngeminyaka yoo-30, kungoko igama labo. Oku kukhuseleke ngakumbi, nangona intloko yezikrufu inokonakala ngoxinzelelo olunamandla.
- IPozidriv: Babonakala bengaqhelekanga, kodwa inyaniso kukuba bakwiqela langaphambili, kodwa baphuculwe. Zayilwa ngeminyaka yee-60 kwaye zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zombane. Zisetyenziselwa izikrufu ezinomnqamlezo, kodwa zineendawo ezine zoqhagamshelwano ezongezelelweyo ezithintela ukuba zingonakaliswe ngokulula, zinika iziphumo ezingcono kunye nokhuseleko olukhulu.
- Torx: Baphakathi kwezona zibalaseleyo xa kuziwa kwi-anti-slip. Ezi zikrufu zisebenzisa inkwenkwezi enamanqaku amathandathu, inika indawo enkulu yokunxibelelana ukuxhasa iitorque eziphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ayithandwa kangako.
- Allen: i-tip yabo i-hexagonal, kwaye iphinde idibaniswe ngaphakathi kwe-screwdrivers.
- Ukuchaneka: zizikrudrayiva ezinokuthi zibe flat, star, Pozidriv, etc. iingcebiso. Kodwa umahluko kukuba ubungakanani buncinci kakhulu kunezo zangaphambili. Zisetyenziselwa umsebenzi ochanekileyo, njengezixhobo ezincinci, iiwotshi, njl., apho ezinye zinkulu kakhulu.
- Iipleyiti: isixhobo esinokusebenza njenge-pliers ukusika iingcingo okanye iintambo, nokubamba, ukubumba, njl. Kukho neentlobo ezininzi zazo:
- Yendalo: zizinto eziqhelekileyo, kwaye zivumela ukusika, ukugoba, ukuqinisa, ukukhulula, njl. Oko kukuthi, isixhobo semisebenzi emininzi ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yomlomo oyisebenzisayo. Ngokomzekelo, eyona ingaphandle i-serrated kukubamba, indawo ebukhali yokusika, kodwa ungayisebenziseli amandongomane, ayenzelwanga oko.
- ukusika: endaweni yeezowuni ezininzi njengezo zehlabathi jikelele, banamanqaku ambalwa kuphela okusikwa. Abanye bayisebenzisela ukuhluba iintambo, kodwa oku akuyonjongo yayo kwaye inokuphelisa ukonakalisa umqhubi.
- Ekugqibeleni: ikwabizwa ngokuba yincam yengwamza. Zinencanyana encinci kakhulu kwaye inde, ukufikelela kwiindawo apho i-universal ingafikeleli khona. Ukongeza, bahlala benemimandla emininzi efana neyomhlaba wonke, ngoko banokusetyenziselwa ukubamba, ukusika, ukuqinisa, njl.
- Ingcebiso ejikelezayo: zihluke kuphela kulawo angaphambili ngokuba nomlomo ogobileyo, ophela kwiindawo ezimbini ze-conical okanye i-cylindrical. Bangasebenza njenge-tweezers kwimisebenzi yezandla, okanye kumsebenzi wobucwebe.
- incam egobileyo: nazo zifana kakhulu nalawo anenqaku, kunye ne-curve efana nalawo anendawo ejikelezayo, kodwa eyenzelwe ngokukhethekileyo ukusebenza kwi-disassembly kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhonkco okhuseleko (amakhonkco ohlobo lwe-Seeger, i-elastics okanye i-circlips).
- iyahlengahlengiswa: ziyakwazi ukufana ne-universal, kodwa i-joint union screw is mobile, ukuvula ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwe-amplitude, ibe nemilinganiselo yokubamba eyandisiweyo.
- Ukudakumba: Zinokuthi zifane nezangaphambili, kodwa umahluko kukuba xa ziluma, aziyikukhulula nangona ususa uxinzelelo ezandleni zakho, ngenxa yenkqubo yokuvala.
- Abasiki bekhebula: Sisixhobo, njengoko igama laso libonisa, sesokusika iintambo. Nangona uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwepliers lunokuyenza, zikho nezixhobo ezithile zalo. Ungazifumana ngokobukhulu obahlukeneyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zeentambo.
- Imicu yeentambo: Xa kufikwa kwiziphelo zokuqhawula ukwenza iintambo zocingo okanye ukuzifaka kwezinye izihlanganisi, le ntambo yokuqhawula isetyenziswa. Uninzi lwazo lunemingxuma eyahlukeneyo enobubanzi obuhlukeneyo bentambo ukuze ukwazi ukuhluba uninzi lwazo.
- Umgxeki: Abanye abantu babhidanisa i-crimper kunye ne-wire stripper, kwaye kuyinyani ukuba ezinye izixhobo zinokuba nayo yomibini imisebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, i-crimper yeyokukrazula, ukukrazula, okanye ukukrazula, nantoni na ofuna ukuyibiza ngayo. Oko kukuthi, ikhubaza iqhekeza le-conductor ukuyigcina iqhotyoshelwe ekupheleni kwentambo. Ingasetyenziselwa iingcingo zobhedu, kwiintambo eziphothiweyo, i-fiber optics, i-coaxial cables, iintambo zenethiwekhi, njl.
- imihlathi: zizinto ezisetyenziselwa ukubambelela isiqwenga kwitafile yomsebenzi kwaye zigcine zilungisiwe ukuze zisebenze kuyo, mhlawumbi ukucoca, i-welding, ukuyilungisa, njl.
- itreyi enemagnethi: Sisixhobo esilula nesisebenzayo, ukukwazi ukugcina izikrufu zikhuselekile kwaye zingalahleki.
- ESD umtya esihlahleni: Sisacholo esinoqhagamshelwano oludityaniswe nesandla somchwephesha kwaye sincanyathiselwe kwintambo enekliphu yeengwenya (ngokubanzi), eya kuthi ke idityaniswe phantsi. Oku kuya kuthintela iisekethe ezithile ezidibeneyo ukuba zonakaliswe yi-ESD.
- Tweezers: zizixhobo ezincinci zokukwazi ukubamba okanye ukuthabatha izinto ezincinci kakhulu. Umzekelo, ingasetyenziselwa ukubamba okanye ukususa amacandelo okunyuka komphezulu, ukufikelela kwiindawo ezifikelelekayo ezincinci, njl.
- Iiglasi ezikhulisa: iiglasi zokukhulisa zisetyenziselwa ukunyusa umbono kwaye ngaloo ndlela zikwazi ukubona nezona nkcukacha zincinci, nokuba zifumane iziphene ezincinci okanye iikhefu, ukuwelda iindawo ezincinci kakhulu, njl.
- intsimbi yokuthambisa kunye nentsimbi yokuchithwa(bona eli nqaku)
- Multimeter(bona eli nqaku)
- Isopropyl isiselo: Liqabane elilungileyo kwiworkshop yakho ye-elektroniki, onokuthi ngayo ucoce iiPCB kunye neetshiphusi ukuba kuyimfuneko. Obu butywala bushiya ukufuma ngasemva kwaye buba ngumphunga ngokukhawuleza, buyenze ilungele ezi zixhobo zombane.
- Isicoci sokufunxa okanye i-CO2 yokutshiza: Ngamanye amaxesha ezinye iindawo zokubeka, izibuko, i-heatsinks, abalandeli, okanye phakathi kwezitshixo kufuneka zicocwe. Iindawo ezinzima kakhulu ukukwazi ukuzicoca ngezinye izixhobo, kodwa kunye nezicoci ezincinci ezikhoyo zale njongo, okanye nge-CO2 yokutshiza ukuvuthela, unokwenza lula.
Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula