Un umbane ombane okanye umbane ombane sisixhobo esincinci se-elektroniki ukuze sikwazi ukwenza i-voltage rhoqo kwisekethe. Ihlala ibonwa kwizinto ezinje ngombane kunye nezixhobo zombane. Kule meko, i-LM317 sisilawuli esincinci esilawulayo sombane esifakwe kwikhaka elifana noko sikubonileyo kwimeko yeetransistors.
Baninzi i-elektroniki okanye abenzi bahlala besebenzisa i-LM317 rhoqo kwezinye iiprojekthi apho kufuneka usebenze ngombane ozinzileyo okanye apho iguquka ukusuka kuhlobo lombane luye kolunyenjl. Kwezi meko, uphawu lwamandla ombane olungazinzanga okanye iimpembelelo kwisiginali xa uswitsha ukusuka kwenye ngoku ukuya ngqo yangoku ayikulungelanga ukubonelela ngokuthe ngqo kwiisekethe zangoku ukuba ayinyangwa ngaphambili ngolu hlobo lwesixhobo.
LM317
El LM317 Kuyaziwa kakhulu ngolawulo oluhlengahlengisiweyo lwamandla ombane phaya. Omnye wabenzi abaziwayo beli sixhobo se-elektroniki ngu I-TI (Izixhobo zeTexas). Isixhobo esilula, kodwa sisebenza kakhulu kwiisekethe kuba iyakwazi ukufumana umbane ongaqhelekanga kwigalelo laso kunye nokubonelela ngombane kwiimeko ezininzi rhoqo kwimveliso yayo.
Ayisiyiyo yokuqala yezilayida ezihlengahlengiswayo kwimbali, enyanisweni yenye yezinto zamva nje kuthotho lweziphuculo kuthotho lwezilayida. Yonke le nto yaqala nge-LM117, eyokuqala. Emva koko kuya kuza i-LM337 endithetha ngayo kumhlathi wokugqibela weli candelo kwaye emva koko i-LM317 izakulandela, eyeyona ithandwa kakhulu kubo bonke.
Ungahlala ulawula uxinzelelo lwe I-1,2 ukuya kwi-37 volts, kunye nemisinga ye-1.5 A. Konke oku kubungakanani obuncinci kwaye kuneepini ezintathu okanye izikhonkwane. Elinye lawo ligalelo eliphawulwe ngoonobumba IN, enye imveliso okanye OUT kwaye ekugqibeleni kuseto okanye ADJ. Ukuba sithatha intloko ye-LM317, ipini yeziko sisiphumo. Amacala aya kuba yi-ADJ (ngasekhohlo) nakwi-IN (ngasekunene).
Ukuba ujonge kwi LM317 iyancedisanaOko kukuthi, isixhobo esilawula umbane kodwa sinee-voltage ezingalunganga, kuba i-LM317 isebenza kuphela ngezinto ezilungileyo, emva koko unokukhetha i-LM337. Isisombululo esifanelekileyo ukuba ufuna ukulawula iivolthi ezimbi.
Iinkcukacha zobugcisa kunye nedatha
I-LM317 inothotho lwee Iimpawu zobugcisa ezibalaseleyo bathanda:
- Uhlobo lolawulo lwevolthi: uhlengahlengiso
- Iivolthi: ukusuka kwi-1.25 ukuya kwi-37v
- Iziphumo ezikhoyo: 1.5 A
- Ukukhusela okugqithisileyo
- ipakethe: Ineentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokupakisha, ezinje nge-SOT-223, TO-220, kunye ne-TO-263.
- Ukunyamezelana kwevolthi imveliso 1%
- La ukusikelwa umda ngoku akuxhomekekanga kubushushu
- Ukukhuselwa kwengxolo igalelo (RR = 80dB)
- Unokusebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukuya kuma kwi-125ºC
Sele uyazi ukuba zonke iinkcukacha zobuchwephesha ezipheleleyo unokwazi ngena kwiidatha enikezwe ngabavelisi. Unga Khuphela i-PDF ye-LM317 kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-TI kule khonkco.
Umzekelo wokusetyenziswa
Kukho ubuninzi beesekethe ezibonakalayo zisebenzisa i-LM317, kodwa mhlawumbi enye yezona zibalulekileyo xa ufunda i-elektroniki kuxa bakufundisa ukuba unikezelo lwamandla olusemgangathweni lusebenza njani, kuba yonke into intle kakhulu ngendlela ebonakalayo nenomdla.
Ndingathanda ukuba unikele ingqalelo kumfanekiso okweli candelo, umalunga isekethe esisiseko yonikezelo lwamandla. Kuyo uyakubona ukuba kukho uthotho lwamanqanaba endiya kuwo ngoku iinkcukacha, kwaye nganye kwigrafu encinci efakiweyo ebonisa ukuba isiginali yombane idlula njani kuloo nxalenye yesekethe:
- Inguquekuqaleni sinesiguquli esinee-spirals ezimbini eziphawulwe njenge-N1 kunye ne-N2. Oko kufezekiswa sisiguquli kukuguqula umbane wegalelo, umzekelo i-220v etshintshayo yangoku esinayo kwiplagi esiqhagamshela kuyo umbane. Kwaye amandla ombane aphezulu e-AC ayiguqula ibe ngumbane ophantsi, kuxhomekeke kwisicelo. Umzekelo, ungazitshintsha ezo 220v ziye kwi-12v ukuze zisebenzise isixhobo se-elektroniki. Ungajonga ukuba kwigalelo Ve sisimo esitshintshayo sombane ophezulu kwaye ekuphumeni komdlulisi unendawo yangoku etshintshayo kodwa enevolthi esezantsi (V1).
- Ibhulorho yediode: emva koko sibona iidayidi ezine ezidityaniswe ngendlela ethile. Iyaziwa njenge bhulorho yediode kwaye amandla atshintshanayo ombane we 12v aya kungena kwibhulorho ukuze ilungiswe. Ukuba sijonga igrafu, simkile kumqondiso we-sinusoidal we-AC ukuya kumandla ombane kuphela amagophe, kususa icandelo elibi.
- I-Condenser: I-capacitor igudisa ukuphuma komqondiso webhulorho, oko kukuthi, ezo zitshixo zincinci zimelwe kwigrafu ziya kufakwa ngumthamo we-capacitor kwaye umbane uya kuthi ukhulule ngokuthe ngcembe. Iziphumo zilayini kunye neejika ezithile, kodwa zigudile kakhulu. Iya isiba ngumgca othe tye ngokupheleleyo, okt yangoku ngqo.
- Uzinzo: linqanaba lokugqibela, kwaye nangona libizwa njalo, sisilawuli sevolthi njenge-LM317. Ukufumana isiginali elungiswe ngokupheleleyo ekusukeni. Oko kukuthi, ezo zixhobo zincinci zitshixwayo zinikwe yi-capacitor yangaphambili okanye inqanaba, ngoku zilungiswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye zililayini ethe tye. Oko kukuthi, sinevolthi engaguqukiyo ye-12v kwimeko yethu. Ke ngoko, ngoku sinokuthi sinendawo ethe ngqo.
Le yindlela yokufumana umbane ukusuka kwi-AC ukuya kwi-DC, ezinje ngePC enokuba nazo ngaphakathi okanye ezinjengetshaja zefowuni ephathekayo, njl. Ndicinga ukuba yayingowona mzekelo ubalaseleyo wokufunda malunga nokwenziwa ngumbane wombane, endaweni yokuwuchaza ngendlela ithiyori enokuthi mhlawumbi ibe yinto ebambekayo nenzima ukuyiqonda.
Ke ngoko, kuzo zonke ezo imijikelezo apho umbane ufuna ukuzinziswa kwaye ulungise iziphene zempawu ezincinci, ungasoloko usebenzisa umlawuli wevolthi njenge-LM317. Ukuba unayo i-oscilloscope okanye isoftware simulator ekhaya, unokuvavanya isekethe efanayo emfanekisweni kwaye wenze iimvavanyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwisekethe ukuze ubone ukuba isiginali idlula njani isiya kwelinye ilizwe iye kwelinye.
Ndiyathemba ukuba esi sithuba siza kuba luncedo olukhulu kuwe ... kunye I-LM317 ayinazimfihlo kuwe ngoku.
Icaciswe kakuhle yonke into. Enkosi kakhulu, ndicinga ukuba ndiza kuyinyusa kungekudala. umbuliso omnandi