Ngaba ukhe wacinga okanye wafuna ukugqithisa idatha esuka kwizinto zakho zekhowudi yemvelaphi ukuya kwitafile yemixholo okanye isiseko sedatha? Kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukuba ube nesixhobo esikwaziyo ukwenza ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ungenzi ngesandla, akunjalo? Kodwa ukuze oko kwenzeke, loo maxabiso kufuneka abe kwifomathi efanelekileyo. Ewe ukuba ufuna ukwenza oku, Kuya kufuneka uyazi i-ORM (Imephu yobuDlelwane boNxibelelwano).
Nge-ORM idatha yezinto zakho iya kugqithiselwa kwifomathi echanekileyo ukuze ukwazi ukugcina lonke olo lwazi kwiziko ledatha ngokwenza iimephu. Oko kuyila indawo yogcino lwedatha apho amaxabiso afumanekayo kwisicelo osenzileyo kwikhowudi yakho, kwaye ngenxa yoko zidityaniswe kolu luhlu ukubanika ukuzingisa kwaye babhalise ngale ndlela ilula. Oku kunika ulwazi olurekhodiweyo ngokuzingisa ukuze kugcinwe, kuhlalutywe, kurekhodwe okanye kusetyenziswe kamva.
por ejemploKhawufane ucinge ukuba unenkqubo yePython ejongene namaxabiso okufunda kwi-DHT11 sensor erekhoda ubushushu kunye nokufuma. Kodwa awufuni ukurekhoda la maxabiso kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ngendlela elula unokwenza ikhowudi yemvelaphi ukwenza inkqubo oyifunayo kwaye ufunde amaxabiso athathwe yintsingiselo kwaye uwabonise kwiscreen. Kodwa uza kuthini ukuba ufuna ukugcina amaxabiso ukuze uhlalutye xa iincopho zala maxabiso zenzekile okanye ezinye izinto eziluncedo?
Kwimeko apho, kuya kufuneka ubenakho ukuba idatha igcinwe ngaxeshanye kwindawo yogcino lwedatha kwaye kulapho i-ORM ingena khona ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza kwiprojekthi yakho ye-DIY ungagcina into oyifunayo kwaye uphathe amaxabiso ngesandla okanye ngesinye isoftware enkosi kwinto yokuba ubabambe kwiziko ledatha ...
Yintoni i-ORM?
El imephu enxulumene nolwalamano okanye i-ORM Isichazi sayo kwisiNgesi, yindlela yokwenza inkqubo esetyenziselwa ukuguqula idatha esetyenziswe kulwimi lwenkqubo ejolise kwinto okanye inkqubo kunye nedatha yolwalamano (uhlobo lwe-SQL) njengenjini engapheliyo. Oko kuyakwenza ukuba amaxabiso enkqubo enze i-database ejolise kwinto ukuze ubambe idatha oyifunayo.
Ukuba wakhe wasebenzisa inkqubo eqhagamshelwe kwindawo yogcino lwedatha, uya kuqaphela ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuguqula ulwazi ukuze luguqulwe lube kwindawo yogcino lwedatha okanye kungenjalo. Ngokufanelekileyo, Ukwenza imephu yinto eyindinisa onokuzenzekelayo usebenzisa i-ORM, ukongeza ekuzimeleni kwindawo yogcino lwedatha ofuna ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ungatshintsha i-database yolwazi ngaphandle kwengxaki.
Un Umzekelo osebenzayo yimoto yeF1, apho inothotho lwee-sensors ezilinganisa amaxabiso oxinzelelo, ubushushu, ukusetyenziswa, i-RPM, isantya, ukukhawulezisa, utshintsho lwegiye, ukuhamba kweenyawo, ioyile, njl. Onke la maxabiso abonwa ngexesha lokwenyani ziinjineli kwiikhompyuter zawo ngenxa yomnxeba. Kodwa xa iseshoni iphela, iinjineli kufuneka zifunde kwaye zihlalutye idatha ukuze iqonde indlela yokuphucula ukuseta, ukuguqula imoto okanye into ebangele ukusilela. Ukuze oku kwenzeke, kufuneka bathunyelwe kwiziko ledatha.
Izinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo ze-ORM
Njengoko sele ndiphawulile, nge I-ORM ikuvumela ukuba ungabinakho kwiziko ledatha kwaye yenza lula ikhowudi yemithombo eyimfuneko. Ukwenza imephu kuya kuzenzekelayo kwaye oko kuthetha ukuthatha ingxaki enkulu emagxeni akho xa usenza inkqubo. Ukongeza kuncedo kunye nesantya sokusetyenziswa, inika ukhuseleko kulwazi lokufikelela kulwazi ngokuchasene nokuhlaselwa.
Kodwa ayizizo zonke izinto ezilungileyo I-ORM nayo ineendawo zayo ezisezantsi. Kwiindawo ezilayishwe kakhulu zinokunciphisa ukusebenza njengoko usongeza umaleko ongaphezulu kwinkqubo. Ikwabandakanya ukufunda i-ORM ukuze uyisebenzise, enokuthi ithathe ixesha lokuyiqonda kakuhle kwaye iyisebenzise.
I-ORM yolwimi lwenkqubo
Kuxhomekeke kulwimi olusebenzayo ungasebenzisa i-ORM. Awunakho ukusebenzisa nayiphi na i-ORM, kuya kufuneka usebenzise eyiyo. Umzekelo:
- Java: Indawo yokuhlala, iMyBatis, iBatis, iEbean, njl.
- .NETIsakhelo seZiko, i-nHibernate, iMyBatis.Net, njl.
- PHP: Imfundiso, iPropel, iiRock, iTorpor, njl.
- IPython: Peewee, SQLAlchemy, PonyORM, Elixir, njl.
Umzekelo ngePython kunye ne-ORM
I-Peewee ilula kwaye imfutshane i-ORM yokusetyenziswa kunye nePython. Unokufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya kwi website esemthethweni. Kwakhona, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba uPeewee uxhasa i-DBMS eyahlukeneyo, Oko kukuthi, iinkqubo ezininzi zolawulo lwedatha, ezinje nge-SQLite, MySQL kunye nePostgresql. Kufuneka utshintshe isibhengezo sokuqala se-bbdd kwaye kunjalo.
Umzekelo, ngaphakathi isikhokelo sakho esikhawulezayo okanye ukuqala ngokukhawuleza Kwisiza ungayibona imizekelo elula yekhowudi kunye noPeewee ngolu hlobo:
from peewee import *
db = SqliteDatabase('people.db')
class Person(Model):
name = CharField()
birthday = DateField()
class Meta:
database = db # This model uses the "people.db" database.
Kwimeko apho kubonakala kuyinto encinci kuwe, unayo isixhobo se-pwiz, Inkqubo efumana iimodeli zePeewee kwiziko ledatha. Umzekelo:
<br data-mce-bogus="1"> python -m pwiz -e postgresql basedatos > modelo.py<br data-mce-bogus="1">