I-Raspberry Pi 3, ibhodi ye-SBC yamva nje evela kwi-Raspberry Pi Foundation, yenziwa ngo-2016. Sele kudlule unyaka ukusukela oko, ethe kwabaninzi yabangela umdla kwimodeli yebhodi entsha ye-SBC, imodeli ehlaziya le ikhoyo ngoku. Yintoni abaninzi abayibize ngokuba yiRaspberry Pi 4.
Abasunguli beRaspberry Pi bacacile kwaye bayacaca: Akuyi kubakho Raspberry Pi 4 ngalo mzuzu. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba asinakucinga okanye sifune izinto eziza kuba neRaspberry Pi 4 yexesha elizayo okanye loo nto kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kuhlobo olulandelayo.
Imilinganiselo kunye nobukhulu
Imilinganiselo yale bhodi ye-SBC ibaluleke ngakumbi kwaye ibalulekile kwaye ukuba ndibone kwezi nyanga zidlulileyo ukuba bakhuphe iinguqulelo ezincitshisiweyo zeRaspberry Pi, uguqulelo lwe-4 alufanele lungahoywa eli nqaku. Umzekelo I-Raspberry Pi 3 inayo la manyathelo angama-85 x 56 x 17 eemilimitha, Amanyathelo amkelekileyo kakhulu (kwaye njengobungqina boku sinazo iiprojekthi ezininzi ezikhoyo kwesi sitya) kodwa isengancitshiswa ngakumbi.
Iiprojekthi ezinje I-Raspberry Pi Slim bonisa ukuba izibuko le-ethernet kunye namazibuko e-USB "ajiye" ibhodi kakhulu, kwaye angasuswa ukuqhubela phambili ukunciphisa imilinganiselo yebhodi. Ngokufanelekileyo i-Raspberry Pi 4 kufuneka ilandele la manyathelo kwaye susa izinto ezinjengezibuko le-ethernet okanye ubeke endaweni yamazibuko e-USB nge-microusb okanye i-usb-c. Ukuzama ukuba nemilinganiselo yeebhendi zeRaspberry Pi Zero kunye neZero W iya kuba luyilo olufanelekileyo, oko kukuthi, ukufikelela kuma-65 x 30 mm ngaphandle kokusohlwaya eminye imisebenzi efana namandla okanye unxibelelwano.
Chipset
Ukuthetha ngeetshipsi okanye endaweni yoko ii-chipset zeRaspberry Pi 4 kuyothusa kakhulu, kodwa singathetha ngamandla. I-Raspberry Pi 3 ine-1,2 Ghz Quadcore SoC, i-chip enamandla kodwa ingasebenzi xa ithelekiswa namandla ezixhobo ezithile zeselfowuni. Ke ngoko, ndiyacinga I-Raspberry Pi 4 kufuneka ibe ne-chipset enye enee-cores ezisibhozo. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, Yahlula i-GPU kwi-CPU ebhodini. Oku kuyakuthetha amandla angakumbi ebhodini nangokwandiswa kokukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi enjengokunikezela ngomfanekiso okanye ukubonelela nje ngesisombululo esingcono kwizikrini.
Eli nqaku lelona libalulekileyo kwaye siyaqonda ukuba lelona libuthathaka. Kungenxa yoko le nto ndicinga ukuba i-Raspberry Pi Foundation izakutshintsha i-chipset kwi-Raspberry Pi 4, kuba iimvavanyo ziyacotha kwaye ziphantse zibe sisinyanzelo, yiyo loo nto kuthethelelwa ukulibaziseka kwenguqulelo entsha.
Ukugcina
Iinguqulelo zamvanje zeRaspberry Pi ziye zajongana kancinci nomba wokugcinwa. Nangona ukugcinwa okuphambili kusekho kwizibuko le-microsd, kuyinyani ukuba ukubakho kokusebenzisa amazibuko e-USB njengoko iiyunithi zokugcina zibandakanyiwe. Iibhodi ezininzi zeRaspberry Pi ezinazo kubandakanya iimodyuli zememori ze-eMMC, Uhlobo lweenkumbulo ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisebenza ngakumbi kunamapendrives. Ngokunokwenzeka, iRaspberry Pi 4 kufuneka ibe nemodyuli yolu hlobo apho ungafaka khona isoftware yekernel okanye inokusetyenziswa njengememori yokutshintsha.
Kodwa elona nqaku libuthathaka kwaye libalulekileyo malunga noku yimemori yegusha okanye kunokuba inkumbulo yegusha ingakanani. I-Raspberry Pi 3 ine-1 Gb ye-RAM, isixa esikhawulezisa imisebenzi yebhodi ye-raspberry kancinci. Kodwa okungaphezulu kancinci kunokuba ngcono. Ke, kwikamva I-Raspberry Pi 4, ene-2 Gb yenkunzi yegusha ayizukubaluleka kuphela Endaweni yoko, inokwenza ukuba i-Raspberry Pi isetyenziswe nangakumbi, ekugqibeleni ithathe indawo yekhompyuter yabasebenzisi abaninzi.
Comunicaciones
Umxholo wonxibelelwano ubaluleke kakhulu kwiibhodi ezinjengeRaspberry Pi. Ngexesha leenguqulelo zokugqibela, esi sihloko asitshintshanga kangako, eyona nto intsha kukubandakanya imodyuli yeWifi kunye neBluetooth. I-Raspberry Pi 4 kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo unxibelelwano kwaye icinge ukuba yandisa uhlobo lonxibelelwano okanye hayi. Ndiyakholelwa kuloo nto Izibuko le-ethernet kufuneka lisuswe ebhodini. Eli zibuko liluncedo kakhulu kodwa likwachaphazela ubungakanani bebhodi, kwaye inokutshintshwa yimodyuli ye-Wi-Fi, itekhnoloji evuthiweyo ethe saa kwihlabathi liphela. Ukongeza, kukho iadaptha ezisuka kweli zibuko ukuya kwizibuko le-usb, ke ukuba nezibuko le-USB, sinokuba nezibuko le-ethernet, ukuba siyayidinga le port okanye asinakho ukusebenza kwemodyuli yeWifi.
Imodyuli yeBluetooth ibe sisiqabu esikhulu kubasebenzisi abaninzi, kodwa uguqulelo 4 lwale bhodi lunokwandisa inani leetekhnoloji ezingenazingcingo, kubandakanya netekhnoloji yeNFC, itekhnoloji enomdla kakhulu yeeprojekthi ze-IoT. Ukuba ne-NFC ngaphakathi kwebhodi ye-Raspberry Pi kunokuba ngumdla wokubhangqa izixhobo kunye nokwandisa imisebenzi ye-Raspberry Pi, enje ngokunxibelelana nezithethi, i-smartv, njl njl. Izinto ezinokuthi ngoku zixhunywe kwiRaspberry Pi, kodwa I-NFC yenza ukuba kube lula ukudibanisa kunye nokumisela ezi zixhobo.
Into yeenkwenkwezi yeRaspberry Pi ibisoloko iyizibuko le-GPIO, phakathi kwezinye izinto ngenxa yamakhulu emisebenzi emitsha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesi sibuko songeza kwiRaspberry Pi. I-Raspberry Pi 4 inokuzama le nto kwaye yandisa izibuko le-GPIO ngezikhonkwane ezingaphezulu Kwaye ke ukuze ube nakho ukubonelela ngemisebenzi emininzi, imisebenzi exhaswayo ukuba i-chipset esetyenzisiweyo inamandla ngakumbi.
Njengoko sithethileyo kwizibuko le-ethernet, amazibuko e-USB anokutshintshwa kwaye atshintshwe ngamazibuko e-microusb okanye ngokuthe ngqo ngamazibuko e-USB-C, amazibuko anokudluliselwa okuphezulu kunye nobukhulu obuncinci kunezibuko lendabuko le-USB. Olu tshintsho aluvumeli kuphela i-Raspberry Pi ukuba "inciphise" kodwa ikwanika amandla ngakumbi ebhodini, ixhasa isantya esiphezulu sokudlulisa kunakwizibuko lendabuko le-USB.
Amandla
Inqaku elinamandla yinto apho kucacile ukuba iRaspberry Pi kufuneka itshintshe kwimodeli yebhodi elandelayo. Imiba emibini ibalasele koku: iqhosha lamandla kunye nolawulo lwamandla evumela ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri okanye igalelo elinamandla ngakumbi kunakwizibuko lemicrosb. Imiba emibini ekufuneka iRaspberry Pi 4 ibe nayo.
Oko kukuthi, faka iqhosha lokucima nelokucima, into efunwa ngabasebenzisi abaninzi kwaye bacele ibhodi yabo yeRaspberry Pi. Ukusetyenziswa kwe Isinxibelelanisi esithile samandla kubalulekile ukuba sibandakanye. Nangona kungekho ngxaki yokudideka, kuyinyani ukuba izibuko le-microusb linika amandla amancinci kwaye oku kuthetha ukuba ngamanye amaxesha asinakho ukusebenzisa onke amandla eRaspberry Pi ngenxa yokuswela amandla.
software
Isoftware yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, mhlawumbi ebaluleke kakhulu, kuba ngaphandle kwesoftware ayisebenzisi kangako ukuba nemodeli yeRaspberry Pi enamandla kakhulu. Nangona kuyi nyaniso ukuba i-Raspberry Pi ayikho kwi-software, ewe kufanelekile ukuba ibe nemimandla enobuhlobo kubasebenzisi be-novice. Ke, inyathelo elilandelayo leSiseko kufuneka ibe kukubandakanywa kwabancedisi ukunceda ii-newbies ukumisela imiba yebhodi okanye ukusebenza kwayo. Ukuba yi-Raspberry Pi 4 ibhodi efanelekileyo kubo bobabini abasebenzisi beengcali kunye nabasebenzisi be-novice.
Isiphelo
Sithethile kakhulu malunga nezinto ekufuneka zenziwe ngeRaspberry Pi 4 kunye namandla kunye nobuthathaka bebhodi, kodwa okwangoku ndiza kunika ukumiselwa okuhle kweRaspberry Pi 4.
Isitya esitsha Kuya kufuneka ibe ne-GPU eyahlukileyo, iqhosha lamandla, isuse i-ethernet port kwaye ithathe indawo yamachweba e-usb ngamazibuko e-microusb. I-2 Gb yememori yenkunzi yegusha iya kulunga nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba le nto inokwenza imodeli ibize kakhulu kwaye iya kuba yinto engenziwanga. Ubuncinci boku kuqulunqwa yinto endiyithatha ibalulekile kwaye ibalulekile kuhlobo olulandelayo. Kwaye wena Ucinga ukuba i-Raspberry Pi 4 kufuneka ibe yintoni?
Kum lisikizi lokususa i-ethernet kunye ne-usb sisebenzisa kuphela indawo njengesizathu ... Ukuthi kugqityiwe bubudenge, kwaye oko kuyayiphikisa into eyenzelwe yona, amaxabiso kunye nokufikeleleka.
Akukho mntu okanye phantse akukho mntu ufuna ukuba kuncinci, kodwa wonke umntu ufuna i-gigabit ukuze i-NAS yabo ibengcono, iseva yabo inokuthenjwa ngakumbi kwaye izinzile, ngentambo engenasiphelo kwi-wifi engazinzanga. Ufuna i-usb 3.0 ukuhambisa ii-amps ezininzi kwiipheripherali
Usb a ukudibanisa phantse yonke into kwaye ingabi yiyo yonke imini kunye nee-otgs
Oko kukuthi, ndonwabile ukuba kukho i-raspberry slim yokusetyenziswa okungabalulekanga ngakumbi, kodwa ungayichukumisi imodeli b, eyona nto ibalaseleyo kunye ne-fissile kuyo yonke indawo.
Molo Jdjd ulungile kumgangatho we-Ethernet, andiyiphikisi loo nto, kodwa kukho iiprojekthi apho ufuna ukuba iRaspberry Pi ilunge ngakumbi, yiyo loo nto impumelelo yePi Zero kunye neModyuli yeCompute. Ewe uyithethayo, i-ethernet ingcono kwaye i-wifi okanye izibuko le-USB alithembekanga kangako, kodwa zininzi iiprojekthi ezifuna amandla afana neRaspberry Pi kwaye zinxibelelana kuphela nge-wifi okanye ngeBluetooth. Kodwa uluvo lwakho lunomdla kuba luvula enye ingxoxo.Ngaba kufanele ukuba kubekho imodeli encinci ecaleni kwemodeli A no-B +? Ucinga ntoni?
Nibingelela!
Ndicinga ukuba inani le-RAM yinto engxamisekileyo, engaphezulu kobukhulu, ngakumbi ukubuyisela ikhompyuter yakho ngebhodi ye-raspberry. Ukuphucula i-USB kunye ne-ethernet iya kuba linqaku lesibini, lilandelwe kukuphuculwa kwamandla kuzo zombini ii-on / off iqhosha kunye nokukwazi ukulawula ukuxhotyiswa ziibhetri
Molo Gwallace, ndiyavumelana nawe, okwangoku, inani lememori liyinto ebalulekileyo, ngakumbi ukuqhuba ii -apps okanye usetyenziso olunzima, njenge-xamp okanye i-IDE. Kuya kumangalisa ukuba i-Raspberry ayifakwanga kule nguqulo ilandelayo, awucingi?
Nibuliso!
Eyona nto ingxamisekileyo ndiyibonayo yi-RAM, kodwa inye kuphela into ebaluleke kakhulu kwaye leyo lixabiso lebhodi, kufanele ukuba kubekho uphuculo kodwa ngaphandle kokunyusa ixabiso ukuze ifikeleleke kubantu abaninzi kangangoko.
Ndicinga ukuba ungongeza into engenayo, kuba kukho okungenani igalelo eli-4 A / D. Akukho sidingo sokongeza kwenye ibhodi, ngesiguquli se-A / D. Kukho izinto ezingapheliyo kubo.
kwaye ke ukuba: Yongeza i-On / Off engathinteli i-RAM okanye i-SD.
Ndicinga ukuba kwi-rpi4 entsha zonke izibuko kufuneka zibe zi-micro (microusb, microhdmi, microSD, njl.
Ayizukunciphisa ubungakanani bayo, ayinamsebenzi kangako, kodwa konke oku kuya kunciphisa ubushushu kwaye kuphucule intsebenzo ngokwenza okuninzi. Ewe kunjalo, akunakuphepheka ukongeza malunga namazibuko amancinci ama-6 kwabo bafuna ukubeka intambo kwi-Intanethi, ibluetooth. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-gpio, andazi. Inokuba luncedo ukuyidibanisa njengomgangatho kunye nesandi esivela kwikhebula le-microhdmi. Kum iya kulunga.
Kuya kunyusa imemori yeRam kunye neProsesa.
Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ukuba kukho imfuneko, kunokubakho imodeli eneRam engaphezulu kwaye ixabiso lingaphezulu, uninzi lwethu luya kuyihlawula loo nto.