Uyilo lwePCB: indlela yokwenza kunye nezixhobo zesoftware

Iiprojekthi ezininzi zinokwenziwa ngaphandle kwe- Uyilo lwePCB, kodwa akunjalo kwabanye. Ngakumbi ngakumbi xa kuziwa kwiiprojekthi zobungcali nezisisigxina, ezingezizo iiprototypes ezilula okanye iimvavanyo. Kwimeko apho, uya kuba nomdla wokunyusa Izinto zombane oya kuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanelekileyo neyomeleleyo.

Kule nqaku ungafunda yonke into oyifunayo ukuze uqalise kuyilo lolu hlobo iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo iiprojekthi zakho, ukongeza kokwazi uninzi lwezixhobo zesoftware kunye nokunye onakho ...

Yintoni i-PCB?

Xa uyila isekethe ye-elektroniki, enye yeendlela ezinokuthi zenzeke kukuyisebenzisa kwi ibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo okanye i-PCB. Oko kukuthi, bubuso obakhelwe ngothotho lwezinto zokugquma kunye neendlela zokuhamba ezisebenza njengeendlela zombane wombane. Ukongeza, baya kuba bethengise uthotho lwezinto ze-elektroniki, ezinje ngeetshiphusi, iitransistors, ii-resistors, ii-diode, ii-capacitors, iziseko, ii-oscillators, njl.

Las iingoma eziqhubayo Zihlala zenziwe ngobhedu okanye i-inki eqhubayo, ngelixa iipleyiti zenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo. Zingenziwa ngezinto ze-ceramic, iplastiki, iipolymers ezinje ngeBakelite, Teflon, celluloid, okanye fiberglass. Xa kuziwa kuyilo oluntsonkothileyo lwe-PCB, endaweni yokuba luprintwe kwiscreen kumacala omabini ebhodi, iya kwakhiwa ngeendlela ezininzi apho iitrektara ezininzi ziya kufakwa khona.

Ezona zilula zivame ukunyusa izinto ezinezikhonkwane ezihamba ngebhodi ziye kwelinye icala. Ngelixa zona Zininzi izinto ezininzi, basebenzisa iteknoloji yokunyuka komhlaba. Oku kuthetha ukuba izikhonkwane akufuneki zihambe ngebhodi, kuba kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomkhondo, inokuvelisa abafowunelwa abangalunganga.

Enye indlela: ukubeka uyilo lwePCB yakho ngaphandle kokuyivelisa

Yenza ubeko lwePCB Kubandakanya ukwenza uthotho lweenkqubo ezithile eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuyenza ekhaya, kwaye kuyingozi, kuba iiasidi zisetyenziselwa ukukrolwa. Ngokusisiseko, iipleyiti ezigqunyiweyo zobhedu zisetyenziselwa uhlobo lweetemplate eziqhotyoshelweyo kwaye ziya kuhlanjwa ngeasidi ukuze isuse lonke ubhedu olungakhuselwanga. Oku kushiya kuphela imikhondo ebikhuselwe yitemplate.

Ukuba kunjalo uyilo multilayer, ingxaki yokuzenza ngokwakho iba nzima ngakumbi. Kwakhona ukunyusa umphezulu akwenzi ngokuthe ngqo kwimpahla yendlu. Iingcebiso ezichanekileyo ze-soldering ziyafuneka, kwaye izinto ze-elektroniki zokudityaniswa ziya kuba zincinci. Kufuneka wenze njalo sebenzisa ukubhobhoza, ubuchule obukhethekileyo beBGA, njl.

Ke ngoko, kubenzi kunye nabathandi be-DIY, eyona nto ilula kukusebenzisa uthotho lwe ezinye iindlela zokwenza i-PCB. Ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Iprototype board o Ibhodi yesonka, Olona khetho lulungileyo kwiiprototypes ofuna ukuzihlanganisa nokuzidibanisa.
• Iipleyiti tyaba, lolunye ukhetho lokufaka izinto ezizinzileyo kunye nokuzidibanisa ngokulula. Nangona kunjalo, ayisosona sisombululo sisiso sesekethe esisigxina ukuba ufuna enye into enobuchule. Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka ucofe izikhonkwane zecandelo ngokwakho, kuba akukho zikhokelo ...
• Isoftware yokulinganisa. Enye into ekuvumela ukuba wenze isekethe nokuba awunazo izinto zombane. Enye yeenkqubo onokuzisebenzisa ukulinganisa Simulide.

Isoftware yoyilo lwePCB

Ukuze uyile uyilo lwakho lwePCB, unezinto ezininzi izixhobo zekhompyutha oko kuyakuwenza umsebenzi wakho ube lula kakhulu, kuba uya kuba nakho ukuzoba isekethe kwaye ube nakho ukufumana ifayile kwifomathi efanelekileyo yokwenza kwayo okanye ukufumana itemplate zenkqubo yokukrola. Ezi zicelo zezi:

• FreeCAD: yenye yesoftware eyaziwayo yokwenza uyilo lwakho. Iya kukuvumela ukuba wenze unikezelo lwe-3D ngokunjalo. Ewe simahla kwaye yeLinux.
• Simahla Akukho mlinganiselo PCPC: yindawo yophuhliso okanye i-EDA. Ikwinqanaba lomnqamlezo kwaye simahla. Ungayifumana simahla kwaye uqalise ukuyila iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo.
• I-KiCAD: enye indawo epheleleyo ye-EDA efanayo neyangaphambili, ukongeza ekubeni simahla kwaye simahla. Ivumela ukubanjwa kwesikimu, ukuhlela, ukuyila uyilo lwePCB kunye nokuyibona nge-3D.

Indlela ukuvelisa ubeko PCB?

Njengoko besenditshilo, iinkqubo zokutsalwa kweasidi zinokuba yingozi kwaye zibize, kwaye iiacidi eziyimfuneko kunye nezixhobo azifumaneki ngokulula kwiivenkile eziqhelekileyo. Ke ngoko, ukhetho olunokuba neziphumo ezibalaseleyo kukuhambisa ifayile nge uyilo lwakho lwe-PCB kwinkampani kwaye luphethe ukuyenza. Ke unokufikelela kwiziphumo zobungcali, nokuba zinemisebenzi emininzi. Ezinye iinkampani ezibonelela ngezi nkonzo zezi:

• I-OSHPARK: ikuvumela ukuba uphuhlise uyilo lwe-PCB ngokwakho kunye nesoftware kwaye xa sele ulungile, unokufaka ifayile kwiwebhusayithi yabo kwaye baya kuyikhathalela ukuyivelisa nokuthumela i-PCB ekhayeni lakho. Ukongeza, baneenkonzo kumazwe aliqela.
• IPCWay: yenye indlela kuneyangaphambili, kwaye isebenza ngendlela efanayo. Uhambisa uyilo lwePCB kwaye baya kwenza isekethe eprintiweyo yokuthunyelwa. Njengo-OSHPARK, banokuvelisa iipleyiti ezizodwa okanye ezininzi.