2N2222 transistor: konke odinga ukukwazi

El 2N2222 noma i-PN2222 transistor Kungokunye kwama-transistor asetshenziswa kakhulu kanye ne-BC548. Ngakho-ke, uma uthanda i-DIY futhi ungumenzi, impela kwesinye isikhathi uke wadinga eyodwa yalezi zinsiza. Kulokhu, i-PN2222 iyi-low power silicon transistor futhi yenzelwe ukushintsha kanye nezinsizakalo zokukhulisa okuqondile.

Isizathu sokuthi kungani sifunwa kangaka ukuthi kuhle ekukhuliseni imisinga emincane nemithamo emincane noma emaphakathi, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukusebenza ngamaza aphezulu aphakathi nendawo. Lokho kusho ukuthi ine- ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile futhi ithandwa kakhulu yi nayizimfundamakhwela zomsakazo. Labo abakhona bazokwazi ukuthi kungenye yama-transistor asetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwe-BITX transceiver, noma ukuthi yavumela iklabhu yomsakazo iNorcal ham ngo-1999 ukuthi yethule inselelo yokwakha i-transceiver yomsakazo enama-transistor angama-22 kuphela alolu hlobo ngaphandle uhlobo lwe-IC eyengeziwe.

Njengo-BC548, yenziwa kusetshenziswa izinqubo ze-epitaxy. Kubuye kube yi-transistor uhlobo lwe-bipolar ne-NPN. Njengamanje imvamisa inamaphakeji amaningana angaba khona, njengeplastiki TO-92, okujwayele ukuba yindlela ejwayelekile yokuyethula kanye nezinye ezifana ne-TO-18, SOT-23, SOT-223, njll.

Yini ngempela i-transistor?

Kusukela umsakazo noma i-transistor kwabizwa kanjalo ngenxa yalolu cingo esikhulume ngalo, ngithanda ukwenza isethulo esifushane kakhulu ngokuthi iyini i-transistor nomlando omncane. AmaTransistors awalutho ngaphandle kwamadivayisi afana nokushintshwa futhi akwazi ukukhulisa isignali. Lokho kusho ukuthi, yizinto ezithatha indawo yamashubhu okuvota okuqala noma amavalvu wokuhlanza anikeze izinkinga eziningi.

La ma-valve ayefana nama-bulb wendabuko, ngakho-ke angaqhuma futhi adinga ukushintshwa njalo. Futhi zazinkulu ngosayizi futhi azizange zivumele ukwenziwa kwamadivayisi amancane. Ukushisa abakwenzile bekuyenye inkinga futhi. Ngokufika kwe- isimo sombuso esiqinile, okungukuthi, ye abafundisayo, kuvumele ukwenziwa kwalolu hlobo lwamadivayisi kushibhile, kuncane futhi kunokwethenjelwa.

Igama le-transistor livela enhlanganweni ye ukudlulisa kanye Resistor, okungukuthi, ukuphikiswa kokudlulisa ngesiNgisi. Khumbula ukuthi Resistor kuyinto Resistor. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba wazi, le nto yasungulwa eYurophu ngamalungelo obunikazi okuqala we-physicist uLilienfeld (1925). Kwakungaphambi kwesikhathi sayo, ngoba bengatholanga zicelo ezisebenzisekayo kulelo shumi leminyaka noma kwelilandelayo, futhi futhi kwakuyi-transistor yomphumela wensimu, umqondo othuthuke kakhulu ngisho nangaphezu kwe-bipolar.

U-Oskar Heil naye wenza into efanayo eJalimane ngo-1934, kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uRobert Pohl noRudolf Hilsch nabo bazokwenza izivivinyo ezihlobene nalolu hlobo lwedivayisi eyunivesithi yaseJalimane. Ngendlela ecishe ifane, e-United States ku Amalebhu we-AT & T Bell Ucwaningo olungaphumelelanga lwalwenziwa futhi, kwaze kwathi ngemuva kweMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba ushintsho lwabo kwathi uma bebuya empini yase-Europe beza nesisombululo ngokuza nemibono "evuselelwe".

UJohn Bardeen, uWlater Brattain noWilliam Shockley Bathathe isikweletu ngokwenza amalungelo obunikazi be-transistor yokuqala emlandweni nangokuwina umklomelo weNobel. Ngo-1948 basungula i-transistor yokuxhumana, ithuluzi elikhulu kakhulu, elingahlanzekile nelingasebenzi elalibiza kakhulu ukwenza futhi kwesinye isikhathi lihluleke futhi kudingeke ukuthi libekwe kabusha kwezinye izimo. Kusukela lapho babezophendukela kuma-transistor amanje.

Kepha uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi isebenza kanjani ncamashi le divayisi leyo iguqule izinto zikagesi kanye nezwe lobuchwepheshe, Nayi le GIF enesifaniso esimayelana ne-transistor nohlelo lwe-hydraulic, engicabanga ukuthi ngeke uluthole lungcono kunalesi sibonelo ukuthatha umqondo wokuthi i-transistor isebenza kanjani:

Kungabonakala ukuthi lapho kutholakala i-current kuya esisekelweni se-transistor ye-NPN ukudlula kwamanje kusuka kumqoqi kuya kummemezeli. Kepha iyakhuliswa, ngoba uma ubheka isithombe, umfula wamanzi osuka esisekelweni nasemqokeleli uyangezwa. Kuyinto isifaniso kulula, kepha ohlelweni lwe-elekthronikhi kufanele ubeke amanzi esikhundleni samanzi ...

Uma ufuna ukubona isithombe esikhanyisayo ngokwengeziwe kusukela ekubukeni kokusebenza kwezindawo ze-semiconductor, okungukuthi, abathwali bezimpahla, nangu unalesi esinye isithombe:

Emfanekisweni ungabona ukuthi lapho kusetshenziswa i-voltage engafanele ku-emitter, icindezela izithwali zokushaja ezingezinhle (ama-electron) bese kuthi phansi izithuthi ezithwala imali (izimbobo) "zimunce" ama-electron ukuze bakwazi ukugxumela kumqoqi...

Endabeni a I-PNP kungafana, kepha shintsha ukuhlukaniswa noma izindlela zokuxhuma i-transistor.

Izici ze-2n2222:

I-2N2222 noma i-PN2222 imvamisa yenziwe uPhilips Semiconductor, yize singathola futhi abanye abakhiqizi abanjengoFairchild Semiconductor omlando, i-Siemens yaseJalimane, i-COMSET Semiconductor, i-SEMICOA, njll. Ine- okuhlukile okuqanjwe ngokuthi 2N2222A.

I-2N2222A ingu kufakwe ngaphakathi ngohlobo lwensimbi TO-18 futhi ifanelekela ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamasosha (MIL-STD) ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, ibanga lokushisa elamukelekayo, njll. Uma sibheka ama-datasheet ahlinzekwa yilezi zindwangu, izici esizothola kule transistor yilezi:

I-JZK - Isethi ye-Assortment...

Azikho izibuyekezo

5,99 €

Bona ukunikezwa Bona izici

• Iqoqo le-emitter voltage emnqamlezweni: 50V
• Okokuqoqa okuqhubekayo njengamanje: I-800mA
• Amandla ahlakazekileamandla: 500mW
• Inzuzo yamanje:> 100hFE, ngokujwayelekile kufinyelelwa ku-150.
• Ukusebenza imvamisa: 250-300 Mhz, evumela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kumsakazo onemvamisa ephezulu
• I-Tipo: I-bipolar yeNPN
• Okuhlanganisiwe: TO-92 kwepulasitiki, TO-18 yensimbi, i-SOT-23 ne-SOT-223, izinhlobo ezimbili zokugcina zohlobo lwe-SMD.
• Okuhambisanayo (PNP): 2N2907
• Kuyalingana: ungasebenzisa i-BC548 esiyibone kokuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini, kepha khumbula ukuyiguqula ibe ngu-180º ngokuguqula izikhonkwane zomqoqi nezokumisa ... Ungasebenzisa futhi i-2N3904 enezici ezifanayo, kepha ingaphatha kuphela okweshumi yamanje isekelwa ku-2N2222. Uma isekethe lingezimpawu ezincanyana kuphela lingashintshwa ngokuphelele. Futhi i-2N2219 iyafana, kepha ukuthola amandla amaningi. Kulokhu, ukuba nefomethi ye-TO-39 (kufika ku-3w) futhi isekele kuze kufike ku-300 Mhz, ingasetshenziswa kuma-transmitters nakuma-amplifiers we-HF ne-VHF futhi namanye amacala we-UHF anamandla okukhipha ama-wat 1 kuya ku-2.
• Okulingana ne-SMD: kokufakwa ngaphezulu kune-2n2222 SMD transistor enephakheji ye-SOT-23.

Ishidi le-data:

Un i-datasheet ngumbhalo, imvamisa i-PDF, enezici eziningiliziwe zedivayisi kagesi. Zenziwe yi-fabricnate uqobo ngokuhlukile komkhiqizo wayo, ngakho-ke, singathola ukuthi awekho amapharamitha afanayo kumasheya amabili ku-2n2222 avela kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene. Lapha ungalanda ezinye zazo:

• Ku-Semiconductor 2n2222A
• I-STMicroelectronics 2n2222A
• I-Farnell Multicomp 2n2222A
• UJameco usiletha lokhu okunye kusuka kuFairchild wasenganekwaneni wochungechunge lwe-2n2222

Ngiyethemba kukusizile lo mhlahlandlela ku-2N222 noma ku-PN2222.