Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa ifayela le- servo motor, noma i-servo, nge I-Arduino, kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi yini oyidingayo ukuze uqalise. Sesibonile kwezinye izindatshana ukuthi yini edingekayo ukuze siyisebenzise motors kagesi, ama-stepper motors, kanye neminye imiqondo edingekayo ukuqonda ukusebenza kwalolu hlobo lwedivayisi, njenge-athikili eku- I-PWM.
Manje, ungangeza enye into entsha ye-elektroniki ku- uhlu lwedivayisi ihlaziyiwe nokuthi ungahamba ukuhlanganisa amaphrojekthi wakho we-DIY ukwengeza ukusebenza okusha.
Yini i-servo?
Un bhekimushu, noma i-servo elula, iyimoto ye-elekthronikhi enokufana nama-DC motor ajwayelekile, kepha inezinto ezithile ezizenza zikhetheke. Kulokhu, inamandla okubamba isikhundla esikhonjisiwe, okuthile okungavunyelwe izinjini zikagesi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-servo nayo ingakwazi lawula ngokunembile ijubane lokujikeleza, ngenxa yochungechunge lwamagiya angaphakathi nohlelo oluvumela ukulawula okungcono kakhulu kunalokho okungenziwa kwezinye izinhlobo zama-motors.
Lezi zici zenza ukuthi zithakazelise ngokukhethekile izinhlelo zokusebenza amarobhothi, noma amanye amadivayisi lapho kudingeka khona ukulawula ukunyakaza nendawo, njengephrinta, noma imoto elawulwa kude. Kulolu hlobo lwemoto elawulwa ngomsakazo kunenjini ejwayelekile yokushayela imoto, kanye ne-servo yesiteringi, ongalawula ngayo ijika ngokunembile.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-stepper motor ne-servo motor
Uma uzibuza umehluko phakathi kweservo motor kanye ne-stepper motor, Iqiniso ukuthi bangadideka, ngoba esitimeleni sokuhamba, noma esinyathelweni, ukuzungeza nakho kungalawulwa ngokunembile, futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza zifana kakhulu ne-servo. Esikhundleni salokho, kunomehluko othile.
Futhi ngukuthi ama-servomotors ngokuvamile asebenzisa i- odonsa bomhlaba abangajwayelekile, kanti ama-stepper motors asebenzisa odonsa abashibhile futhi abajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, i-servo ingafinyelela ukuthuthukiswa okuphezulu kwe-torque, ngaphandle kokuhlala kuhlangene. Ngakho-ke, amandla okuphenduka azobe ephakeme kakhulu.
Izici zobuchwepheshe
Noma kunini lapho uthenga i-servo, kufanele ubheke ishidi lezobuchwepheshe noma i-datasheet. Ngaleyo ndlela, uzoqinisekisa ukuthi izici zobuchwepheshe inayo, kepha futhi nemingcele ongayibeka kuyo, njengamandla, amandla, umthwalo omkhulu, i-torque, njll. Khumbula ukuthi imodeli ngayinye ingahluka kakhulu.
Isibonelo, uma ubheka okukodwa okuthandwa kakhulu, iMicro Servo 9G SG90 ifemu eyaziwa ngeTower Pro, khona-ke uzoba nezici ezithile ezingajwayelekile, yize uhlelo nokuxhunyaniswa kwamamodeli kucishe kufane futhi konke okushiwo lapha kuyasiza kunoma ngubani.
Endabeni yale modeli, kuyimoto esezingeni eliphakeme, ene-angle yokujika evumela i- shanela phakathi kuka -90 no-90º, okungukuthi, ukuphenduka okuphelele kuka-180º. Isinqumo ongasizuza siphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke uzokwazi ukuqhubekela phambili kancane kancane. Isibonelo, ngokulinganiselwa kwesiginali ye-PWM ye- Arduino UNO, ungathola nokuthuthuka kusuka ebangeni kuye ebangeni.
Ngokunjalo, isiginali ye-PWM nayo izobeka omunye umkhawulo, futhi iyinombolo yezikhathi lapho isikhundla ngasinye singashintsha khona ngeyunithi ngayinye yesikhathi. Isibonelo, ngoba ama-pulses asebenza phakathi kuka-1 no-2 ms no Izinkathi ezingama-20 ms (50Hz), khona-ke i-servo ingahamba kanye njalo kuma-20 ms.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izoba nesisindo sama-gramu ayi-9 futhi, ngaphandle kwalokho isisindo nosayizi ohlangene, ingakhula i-torque noma i-torque engu-1.8 kg / cm nge-4.8v. Lokho kungenxa yesethi yegiya layo le-POM.
Ekugcineni, usuvele uyazi ukuthi, kuya ngalokho ofuna ukukufeza, kuzofanele ukhethe imodeli eyodwa noma enye, ukuze ibe izici ezidingekayo kuphrojekthi yakho. Lokho wukuthi, akufani nokuthi ufuna imoto ukuhambisa umthwalo X, kunoyedwa we-XX ...
Ungayithenga kuphi i-servo
Uma ufuna ukuqala ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lwe-servomotor, ungaluthola lushibhile ezitolo eziningi ezikhethekile, futhi ungaluthola naku-inthanethi e-Amazon. Isibonelo, nazi izibonelo ze- imikhiqizo enconyiwe lokho kungakuthakazelisa:
-
I-AZDelivery Servo MG90S Micro: isekela kuze kufike ku-13.4 kg.
- I-Innovateking-EU: kufika ku-25 kg / cm.
- I-Innovateking-EU: enye imodeli engenawo amanzi, futhi efinyelela ku-35kg / cm.
Zonke zine-twist enhle kakhulu ye-twist, kepha yehluke kakhulu ku-torque umuntu ngamunye angayibekezelela. Ngifakiwe amamodeli amathathu ahlukene. Okwangaphambili, futhi okushibhile, kunganela izinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza. Kepha uma udinga eyodwa enamandla amakhulu kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, unama-25 nama-35, asevele ephawuleka impela ...
Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Arduino
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona esithombeni ngenhla, i-servo ixhuma kalula ku-Arduino. Inezintambo ezintathu kuphela, ongazixhuma ngale ndlela:
- Okubomvu nge-5V
- Mnyama nge-GND
- Ophuzi ngepini ye-Arduino PWM, kuleli cala nge -9.
Ukuze uhlele umdwebo wokuqala ukusebenzisa lezi zinhlobo zezinjini, unezinketho eziningi. Kepha, okokuqala nje, ukuqala, kufanele engeza umtapo wezincwadi we-Arduino IDE ukushayela lolu hlobo lwama-servo motors:
- Vula i-Arduino IDE.
- Iya kuhlelo.
- Ngemuva kwalokho Faka Umtapo Wezincwadi.
- Servo
Ngokuqondene ne ikhodi emfushane, kungaba lula kanjalo lapho i-servo izodlula ezikhundleni zayo ime ku-0º, 90º no-180º:
//Incluir la biblioteca del servo
#include <Servo.h>
//Declarar la variable para el servo
Servo servoMotor;
void setup() {
// Iniciar el monitor serie
Serial.begin(9600);
// Iniciar el servo para que use el pin 9 al que conectamos
servoMotor.attach(9);
}
void loop() {
// Desplazar a la posición 0º
servoMotor.write(0);
// Esperar 1 segundo
delay(1000);
// Desplazar a la posición 90º
servoMotor.write(90);
// Esperar 1 segundo
delay(1000);
// Desplazamos a la posición 180º
servoMotor.write(180);
// Esperar 1 segundo
delay(1000);
}
Manje uma ufuna ihambise kusuka ezingeni iye ezingeni, khona-ke kuzoba kanjena:
// Incluir la biblioteca servo
#include <Servo.h>
// Declarar la variable para el servo
Servo servoMotor;
void setup() {
// Iniciar la velocidad de serie
Serial.begin(9600);
// Poner el servo en el pin 9
servoMotor.attach(9);
// Iniciar el servo en 0º
servoMotor.write(0);
}
void loop() {
// Los bucles serán positivos o negativos, en función el sentido del giro
// Positivo
for (int i = 0; i <= 180; i++)
{
// Desplazar ángulo correspondiente
servoMotor.write(i);
// Pausa de 25 ms
delay(25);
}
// Negativo
for (int i = 179; i > 0; i--)
{
// Desplazar el ángulo correspondiente
servoMotor.write(i);
// Pausa e 25 ms
delay(25);
}
}