Impompo yamanzi ye-Arduino: konke odinga ukukwazi

Impompo Yamanzi

Ngokuqinisekile uye wakudinga kaningi phatha uketshezi kumaphrojekthi wakho we-DIY nge-Arduino. Ukwenza lokhu kwenzeke, abenzi banenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo namathuluzi abasebenza ngawo. Kakade esikhathini esedlule sikhombisa abadumile ukugeleza, lapho ubungalawula khona ukuhamba koketshezi oludlule kubo ngendlela elula. Manje sekuwukujika kwepompo yamanzi ...

Usebenzisa lezo ukugeleza Ungalinganisa inani loketshezi olugeleza ngepayipi ukulilawula. Konke ngenxa yesekethe elula enalezi zinto nezinye amadivaysi kagesi ahambisanayo no-Arduino. Manje sekuyisikhathi sokuqhubeka kancane ukukunika ithuba lokuhambisa iziphuzo, ukugcwalisa / ukuchitha amathangi, ukudala izinhlelo zokunisela, njll.

Yini ipompo lamanzi?

Amapayipi amanzi

Ngempela igama ipipi lamanzi ayifanele ngoba ingasebenza futhi noketshezi ngaphandle kwamanzi. Noma ngabe ikuphi, ipompo lamanzi iyithuluzi elikwazi ukudala ukugeleza koketshezi kusetshenziswa amandla kagesi. Ngakho-ke, inezinto ezithile eziyisisekelo:

  • entry: lapho uketshezi lumuncwa khona.
  • I-Motor + Propeller: ophethe ukukhiqiza amandla e-kinetic akhipha amanzi endaweni yokungena futhi awathumele lapho kuphuma khona.
  • Phuma: kungukudla lapho uketshezi oluqhutshwa ngamandla ompompi wamanzi luzophuma khona.

Lezi amabhomu wokubacindezela zisetshenziswa kakhulu kunqwaba yamaphrojekthi namadivayisi. Kusuka embonini, kuya emishinini yokuhambisa amanzi, amasistimu wokunisela okuzenzakalelayo, ukuchelela ngenkasa, izinhlelo zokuphakela, izitshalo zokwelapha, njll. Ngalesi sizathu, kunenqwaba yamamodeli emakethe, anamandla ahlukile namandla (alinganiswa ngamalitha ngehora noma okufanayo). Kusuka kokuncane kakhulu, kuya kokukhulu kakhulu, kwamanzi angcolile noma amanzi ahlanzekile, ajulile noma angaphezulu, njll.

Kepha izici Labo okufanele ubabheke yilaba:

  • Amandla: kukalwa ngamalitha ngehora (l / h), amalitha ngomzuzu (l / min), njll. Inani lamanzi elingakhipha iyunithi ngayinye yesikhathi.
  • Amahora empilo esebenzisekayo- Kukala isikhathi esingahle sisebenze ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Okudala, kungcono. Imvamisa kungamahora angama-500, amahora angama-3000, amahora angama-30.000, njll.
  • Umsindo: Kukalwa ku-dB, kungumsindo owenzayo lapho usebenza. Lokhu akubalulekanga kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuthi ufuna kuthule kakhulu. Esimweni esinjalo, funa eyodwa ene- <30dB.
  • Ukuvikelwa: abaningi banokuvikelwa kwe-IP68 (i-elekthronikhi ayivinjelwe amanzi), okusho ukuthi bangacwiliswa (uhlobo lwama-amphibious), ukuze babe ngaphansi kuketshezi ngaphandle kwenkinga. Ezinye, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zingaphezulu futhi kuphela ithubhu lokungena elingacwiliswa lapho limunca khona amanzi. Uma zingacwiliseki futhi uzifaka ngaphansi kuketshezi kuzokonakala noma kube yisifunda esifushane, ngakho-ke naka lokhu.
  • I-Static lift: kuvame ukulinganiswa ngamamitha, ukuphakama lapho uketshezi lungaqhubekela khona. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma uzokusebenzisa ukukhuphula uketshezi endaweni ephakeme noma ukukhipha amanzi emithonjeni, njll. Kungaba ngamamitha ama-2, ama-3m, ama-5m, njll.
  • Ukusetshenziswa- Kukalwe kuma-watts (w) futhi kuzokhombisa inani lamandla abawadingayo ukuze basebenze. Ezimweni eziningi zisebenza kahle, zingaba nokukhishwa okungu-3.8W ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi (kwabancane).
  • Iziphuzo ezamukelwe: Njengoba ngishilo, bamukela izinhlobo eziningana zoketshezi, yize kungezona zonke. Uma ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi ipompo oyithengayo lingasebenza noketshezi ozoluphatha, hlola imininingwane yalo mkhiqizi. Ngokuvamile zingasebenza kahle ngamanzi, uwoyela, ama-asidi, izixazululo ze-alkaline, okokubasa, njll.
  • Uhlobo motor: Lezi zivame ukuba izinjini zikagesi zeDC. Uhlobo olungenamabhulashi (ngaphandle kwamabhulashi) luhle kakhulu futhi luhlala isikhathi eside. Ngokuya ngamandla enjini uzoba nepompo elinamandla amaningi noma amancane nokuphakama okungaguquki.
  • Uhlobo lwe-propeller: imoto ine-propeller exhunywe kushaft yayo, okuyiyona edala amandla we-centrifugal ukukhipha uketshezi. Lokhu kungaba ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, futhi isivinini nokugeleza okusebenza nepompo kuzoya ngakho. Zingaphrintwa kusetshenziswa ukuphrinta kwe-3D ngemiphumela ehlukile ngokuya ngokuma kwazo. Ngikushiya ividiyo elandelayo ethakazelisayo ngayo:
Imininingwane eminingi ku into ehlukile.
  • I-Caliber: okokufaka nokokukhipha kunesilinganiso esithile. Lokhu kubalulekile uma kukhulunywa ngokuhambisana namapayipi ozowasebenzisa. Kodwa-ke, ungathola ama-adaptha wezilinganiso ezahlukahlukene zokulinganisa.
  • I-Peripheral vs centrifugal (i-radial vs axial): Noma zikhona ezinye izinhlobo, lezi zombili zivame ukusetshenziselwa lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zasekhaya. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi i-propeller ibekwe kanjani ngamabhande, icindezela i-fluid centrifugally noma i-peripherally. (ukuthola eminye imininingwane bheka isigaba esithi "Isebenza kanjani ipompo lamanzi")

Kepha kungakhathalekile uhlobo nokusebenza, njalo zilawulwa ngogesi. Ngokuphakela imoto eshayela ophephela ukuthi bakhiqize amandla e-kinetic, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kungalawulwa. Ngakho-ke, amaphampu amancane (noma amakhulu anama-relays noma ama-MOSFET) angasetshenziselwa ukwenza amasistimu we-hydraulic nge-Arduino.

Ngokuqondene nezicelo zayo, sengivele ngishilo ezimbalwa. Kepha cabanga ukuthi ungadala iphrojekthi yakho elula nge-Arduino. Isibonelo, nakhu ngikushiya noma yimiphi imibono:

  • Isikhuhli esenziwe ekhaya sokufunda ukuthi izitshalo zokwelapha zangempela zisebenza kanjani.
  • Uhlelo lwe-bilge oluthola amanzi ngenzwa bese luvula ipompo lamanzi ukukhipha.
  • Uhlelo lokuchelela oluzenzakalelayo nge-timer.
  • Ukudluliswa ketshezi kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye. Izinhlelo zokuxuba uketshezi, njll.

Amanani entengo nokuthi ungathenga kuphi

ophephela, impompo yamanzi

Iphampu lamanzi iyithuluzi elilula, alinayo imfihlakalo eningi kakhulu. Futhi, nge- € 3-10 ungakwazi Thenga amanye amaphampu we-elekthronikhi alula kakhulu akhona e-Arduino, yize kukhona abiza kakhulu uma ufuna amandla aphezulu. Isibonelo, ungaba nalokhu:

Isebenza kanjani ipompo lamanzi

Iphampu lamanzi kusebenza ngendlela elula kakhulu. Inophephela onamathiselwe enjinini, ngaleyo ndlela idlulisela amandla kuloluketshezi oludlula ngezinhlamvu zalo, ngaleyo ndlela ilususe endaweni engena iye kulo.

Kulezo ze- uhlobo lwe-axial, amanzi angena egumbini lokumpompa lapho i-propeller itholakala khona maphakathi nendawo, andise amandla ayo e-kinetic njengoba edlula kuleyo nto ejikeleza ngejubane elikhulu. Izobe iphuma ekamelweni ngokungafani ngokuphuma.

En i-radial, izindwani zijikajika phambi komnyango wokungena futhi zizoqhubela amanzi lapho kuthengwa khona sengathi isondo lamanzi. Le yindlela abazohambisa ngayo amanzi kuleli cala.

Hlanganisa ipompo lamanzi ne-Arduino

Impompo yamanzi e-Arduino

Njengoba wazi, ungasebenzisa futhi i- edluliselwe uma uyidinga. Kepha lapha, ukuhlanganisa ipompo lamanzi ne-Arduino ngikhethe iMOSFET. Ngokuqondile imodyuli I-IRF520N. Futhi ngokuxhumeka, iqiniso ukuthi lilula impela, nje landela lezi zincomo:

  • I-SIG Imodyuli ye-IRF520N izoxhunywa kuphini le-Arduino, ngokwesibonelo i-D9. Usuvele uyazi ukuthi uma uyiguqula, kufanele futhi uguqule ikhodi yokudweba ukuze uyenze isebenze.
  • I-Vcc ne-GND module ye-IRF520N ungawaxhuma ku-5v naku-GND yebhodi lakho le-Arduino.
  • U + no-U- Yilapho uzoxhuma khona izintambo ezimbili ezivela empompini wamanzi. Uma kunganxeshezelwa ngaphakathi, kungumthwalo ongenayo, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukusebenzisa i-flyback diode phakathi kwezintambo zombili.
  • I-Vin ne-GND Yilapho uzoxhuma khona i-rack namabhethri ozowasebenzisa ukunika amandla ipompo lamanzi ngaphandle, noma ibhethri, ukunikezwa kwamandla noma yini ozoyisebenzisa ukuyinika amandla ...

Ngemuva kwalokho, yonke into izobe ihlanganiswe futhi ilungele ukuqala nge- sketch ikhodi yomthombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ku I-Arduino IDE kuzofanele wakhe uhlelo olufana nalokhu okulandelayo:

const int pin = 9;  //Declarar pin D9
 
void setup()
{
  pinMode(pin, OUTPUT);  //Define pin 9 como salida
}
 
void loop()
{
  digitalWrite(pin, HIGH);   // Poner el pin en HIGH (activar)
  delay(600000);               //Espera 10 min
  digitalWrite(pin, LOW);    //Apaga la bomba
  delay(2000);               // Esperará 2 segundos y comenzará ciclo
}

Kulokhu mane uvule ipompo bese kumenza asebenze imizuzu eyi-10. Kepha ungangeza ikhodi eningi, izinzwa, njll., Futhi uyilawule ngokususelwa kokukhipha inzwa yomswakama, usebenzisa izibali sikhathi, njll.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.