Ukuhlola i-transistor: kuchazwe igxathu negxathu

Esikhathini esithile esidlule sishicilele isifundo sokuthi ungakwenza kanjani hlola ama-capacitors. Manje sekujika elinye ingxenye ebalulekile kagesi, injani lento. Lapha ungabona ukuthi kanjani hlola i-transistor kuchazwe kalula nangesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, futhi ungakwenza ngamathuluzi ajwayelekile njenge-multimeter.

I-Los ama-transistors asetshenziswa kabanzi ngobuningi bamasekethe kagesi nawukagesi wokulawula ngale divayisi yesimo esiqinile. Ngakho-ke, uma unikezwa ukuthi zivame kangakanani, ngokuqinisekile uzothola amacala okufanele uwahlole kuwo ...

Yini engiyidingayo

Uma usuvele unayo i-multimeter enhle, noma i-multimeter, yilokho okudingayo ukuhlola i-transistor yakho. Yebo, lokhu I-multimeter kufanele ibe nomsebenzi wokuhlola ama-transistors. Ama-multimeter amaningi wedijithali anamuhla analesi sici, ngisho eshibhile. Ngayo ungalinganisa i-NPN noma i-PNP bipolar transistors ukunquma ukuthi ayinaphutha yini.

Uma kunjalo, kuzofanele ufake izikhonkwane ezintathu ze-transistor esokheni le-multimeter elikhonjisiwe, bese ubeka isikhethi ku hFE isikhundla ukukala inzuzo. Ngakho-ke ungathola ukufundwa futhi uhlole idathabhethi uma lihambisana nalokho okufanele likunikeze.

Izinyathelo zokuhlola i-bipolar transistor

Ngeshwa, akuwona wonke ama-multimeter analeso sici esilula, naku- yivivinye ngendlela yezandla nganoma iyiphi i-multimeter kuzofanela ukwenze ngokuhlukile, ngomsebenzi wokuhlola i- «Diode».

1. Into yokuqala ukususa i-transistor kusuka esifundeni ukuze ifundwe kangcono. Uma kuyinto engakathengiswa, ungagcina lesi sinyathelo.
2. Isivivinyo Isisekelo sokukhipha:
   1. Xhuma ukuhola okuhle (okubomvu) kwe-multimeter kusisekelo (B) se-transistor, bese kuthi okungalungile (okumnyama) kuholele ku-emitter (E) ye-transistor.
   2. Uma kungu-transistor we-NPN usesimweni esihle, imitha kufanele ikhombise ukwehla kwamandla kagesi phakathi kuka-0.45V no-0.9V.
   3. Endabeni ye-PNP, ama-initials OL (Over Limit) kufanele abonakale esikrinini.
3. Isivivinyo Isisekelo Sokuqoqa:
   1. Xhuma ukuhola okuhle kusuka ku-multimeter kuye kusisekelo (B), nokuhola okungalungile kumqoqi (C) we-transistor.
   2. Uma kuyi-NPN isesimweni esihle, izokhombisa ukwehla kwamandla kagesi phakathi kuka-0.45v no-0.9V.
   3. Uma kwenzeka uba yi-PNP, u-OL uzovela futhi.
4. Isivivinyo Khipha ku-Base:
   1. Xhuma ucingo oluhle ku-emitter (E) kanye nocingo olubi esisekelweni (B).
   2. Uma kuyi-NPN isesimweni esifanele izokhombisa i-OL ngalesi sikhathi.
   3. Endabeni ye-PNP, kuzokhonjiswa ukwehla kwe-0.45v ne-0.9V.
5. Isivivinyo Umqoqi kuya ku-Base:
   1. Xhuma okuhle kwe-multimeter kumqoqi (C) bese kuthi okungekuhle kusisekelo (B) se-transistor.
   2. Uma kuyi-NPN, kufanele ivele esikrinini se-OL ukukhombisa ukuthi kulungile.
   3. Uma kwenzeka i-PNP, ukwehla kufanele futhi kube ngu-0.45V no-0.9V uma kulungile.
6. Isivivinyo Umqoqi ku-Emitter:
   1. Xhuma ucingo olubomvu kumqoqi (C) kanye nocingo olumnyama ku-emitter (E).
   2. Noma ngabe i-NPN noma i-PNP isesimweni esifanele, izokhombisa i-OL esikrinini.
   3. Uma uguqula izintambo, okuhle ku-emitter kanye ne-negative kumqoqi, zombili e-PNP naku-NPN, kufanele futhi ifunde i-OL.

Noma yikuphi ukulinganisa okuhlukile lokho, uma kwenziwe kahle, kuzokhombisa ukuthi i-transistor ayilungile. Futhi kufanele ucabangele enye into, futhi lokho ukuthi lezi zivivinyo zithola kuphela uma i-transistor inesifunda esifushane noma ivulekile, kepha hhayi ezinye izinkinga. Ngakho-ke, noma ibadlula, i-transistor ingaba nenye inkinga evimbela ukusebenza kwayo okulungile.

I-FET transistor

Endabeni yokuba ngu- i-transistor FET, hhayi i-bipolar eyodwa, lapho-ke kufanele ulandele lezi ezinye izinyathelo nge-multimeter yakho yedijithali noma ye-analog:

1. Faka i-multimeter yakho emsebenzini wokuhlola i-diode, njengakuqala. Bese ubeka iphenyo elimnyama (-) ku-Drain terminal, bese iphenye ebomvu (+) ku-Source Source. Umphumela kufanele kube ukufundwa kwe-513mv noma okufanayo, kuya ngohlobo lwe-FET. Uma ukufundwa kungatholakali, kuzovulwa futhi uma kuphansi kakhulu kuzofinyezwa.
2. Ngaphandle kokukhipha ithiphu emnyama kudreyini, beka ithiphu ebomvu kutheminali weSango. Manje ukuhlolwa akufanele kubuyise noma ikuphi ukufunda. Uma ibonisa noma yimiphi imiphumela esikrinini, lapho-ke kuzoba nokuvuza noma isifunda esifushane.
3. Faka ichopho emthonjeni, bese omnyama aqhubeke nokukhipha amanzi. Lokhu kuzohlola ukuhlangana kwe-Drain-Source ngokukusebenzisa futhi kutholwe ukufundwa okuphansi okungaba ngu-0.82v. Ukwenza kungasebenzi i-transistor, ama-terminals ayo amathathu (i-DGS) kufanele ahanjiswe okwesikhashana, futhi izobuya isuka ku-state iye esimweni sokungenzi lutho.

Ngalokhu, ungahlola ama-transistors ohlobo lwe-FET, njengama-MOSFET. Khumbula ukuba nezimpawu zobuchwepheshe noma imininingo egciniwe kwalokhu ukwazi ukuthi amanani owatholayo anele yini, ngoba ayahluka ngohlobo lwe-transistor ...