Esikhathini esithile esidlule sishicilele isifundo sokuthi ungakwenza kanjani hlola ama-capacitors. Manje sekujika elinye ingxenye ebalulekile kagesi, injani lento. Lapha ungabona ukuthi kanjani hlola i-transistor kuchazwe kalula nangesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, futhi ungakwenza ngamathuluzi ajwayelekile njenge-multimeter.
I-Los ama-transistors asetshenziswa kabanzi ngobuningi bamasekethe kagesi nawukagesi wokulawula ngale divayisi yesimo esiqinile. Ngakho-ke, uma unikezwa ukuthi zivame kangakanani, ngokuqinisekile uzothola amacala okufanele uwahlole kuwo ...
Yini engiyidingayo
Uma usuvele unayo i-multimeter enhle, noma i-multimeter, yilokho okudingayo ukuhlola i-transistor yakho. Yebo, lokhu I-multimeter kufanele ibe nomsebenzi wokuhlola ama-transistors. Ama-multimeter amaningi wedijithali anamuhla analesi sici, ngisho eshibhile. Ngayo ungalinganisa i-NPN noma i-PNP bipolar transistors ukunquma ukuthi ayinaphutha yini.
Uma kunjalo, kuzofanele ufake izikhonkwane ezintathu ze-transistor esokheni le-multimeter elikhonjisiwe, bese ubeka isikhethi ku hFE isikhundla ukukala inzuzo. Ngakho-ke ungathola ukufundwa futhi uhlole idathabhethi uma lihambisana nalokho okufanele likunikeze.
Izinyathelo zokuhlola i-bipolar transistor
Ngeshwa, akuwona wonke ama-multimeter analeso sici esilula, naku- yivivinye ngendlela yezandla nganoma iyiphi i-multimeter kuzofanela ukwenze ngokuhlukile, ngomsebenzi wokuhlola i- «Diode».
- Into yokuqala ukususa i-transistor kusuka esifundeni ukuze ifundwe kangcono. Uma kuyinto engakathengiswa, ungagcina lesi sinyathelo.
- Isivivinyo Isisekelo sokukhipha:
- Xhuma ukuhola okuhle (okubomvu) kwe-multimeter kusisekelo (B) se-transistor, bese kuthi okungalungile (okumnyama) kuholele ku-emitter (E) ye-transistor.
- Uma kungu-transistor we-NPN usesimweni esihle, imitha kufanele ikhombise ukwehla kwamandla kagesi phakathi kuka-0.45V no-0.9V.
- Endabeni ye-PNP, ama-initials OL (Over Limit) kufanele abonakale esikrinini.
- Isivivinyo Isisekelo Sokuqoqa:
- Xhuma ukuhola okuhle kusuka ku-multimeter kuye kusisekelo (B), nokuhola okungalungile kumqoqi (C) we-transistor.
- Uma kuyi-NPN isesimweni esihle, izokhombisa ukwehla kwamandla kagesi phakathi kuka-0.45v no-0.9V.
- Uma kwenzeka uba yi-PNP, u-OL uzovela futhi.
- Isivivinyo Khipha ku-Base:
- Xhuma ucingo oluhle ku-emitter (E) kanye nocingo olubi esisekelweni (B).
- Uma kuyi-NPN isesimweni esifanele izokhombisa i-OL ngalesi sikhathi.
- Endabeni ye-PNP, kuzokhonjiswa ukwehla kwe-0.45v ne-0.9V.
- Isivivinyo Umqoqi kuya ku-Base:
- Xhuma okuhle kwe-multimeter kumqoqi (C) bese kuthi okungekuhle kusisekelo (B) se-transistor.
- Uma kuyi-NPN, kufanele ivele esikrinini se-OL ukukhombisa ukuthi kulungile.
- Uma kwenzeka i-PNP, ukwehla kufanele futhi kube ngu-0.45V no-0.9V uma kulungile.
- Isivivinyo Umqoqi ku-Emitter:
- Xhuma ucingo olubomvu kumqoqi (C) kanye nocingo olumnyama ku-emitter (E).
- Noma ngabe i-NPN noma i-PNP isesimweni esifanele, izokhombisa i-OL esikrinini.
- Uma uguqula izintambo, okuhle ku-emitter kanye ne-negative kumqoqi, zombili e-PNP naku-NPN, kufanele futhi ifunde i-OL.
Noma yikuphi ukulinganisa okuhlukile lokho, uma kwenziwe kahle, kuzokhombisa ukuthi i-transistor ayilungile. Futhi kufanele ucabangele enye into, futhi lokho ukuthi lezi zivivinyo zithola kuphela uma i-transistor inesifunda esifushane noma ivulekile, kepha hhayi ezinye izinkinga. Ngakho-ke, noma ibadlula, i-transistor ingaba nenye inkinga evimbela ukusebenza kwayo okulungile.
I-FET transistor
Endabeni yokuba ngu- i-transistor FET, hhayi i-bipolar eyodwa, lapho-ke kufanele ulandele lezi ezinye izinyathelo nge-multimeter yakho yedijithali noma ye-analog:
- Faka i-multimeter yakho emsebenzini wokuhlola i-diode, njengakuqala. Bese ubeka iphenyo elimnyama (-) ku-Drain terminal, bese iphenye ebomvu (+) ku-Source Source. Umphumela kufanele kube ukufundwa kwe-513mv noma okufanayo, kuya ngohlobo lwe-FET. Uma ukufundwa kungatholakali, kuzovulwa futhi uma kuphansi kakhulu kuzofinyezwa.
- Ngaphandle kokukhipha ithiphu emnyama kudreyini, beka ithiphu ebomvu kutheminali weSango. Manje ukuhlolwa akufanele kubuyise noma ikuphi ukufunda. Uma ibonisa noma yimiphi imiphumela esikrinini, lapho-ke kuzoba nokuvuza noma isifunda esifushane.
- Faka ichopho emthonjeni, bese omnyama aqhubeke nokukhipha amanzi. Lokhu kuzohlola ukuhlangana kwe-Drain-Source ngokukusebenzisa futhi kutholwe ukufundwa okuphansi okungaba ngu-0.82v. Ukwenza kungasebenzi i-transistor, ama-terminals ayo amathathu (i-DGS) kufanele ahanjiswe okwesikhashana, futhi izobuya isuka ku-state iye esimweni sokungenzi lutho.
Ngalokhu, ungahlola ama-transistors ohlobo lwe-FET, njengama-MOSFET. Khumbula ukuba nezimpawu zobuchwepheshe noma imininingo egciniwe kwalokhu ukwazi ukuthi amanani owatholayo anele yini, ngoba ayahluka ngohlobo lwe-transistor ...
Incazelo enhle kakhulu. Ngifisa sengathi othisha bami be-electronics bakuchaze kanjalo
Muchas Gracias