Uma ungumenzi, uthanda i-DIY ne-electronics, impela wake wadinga ukusebenzisa i- I-BC547 transistor. I-bipolar junction transistor eyaqalwa ukwakhiwa nguPhilips noMullard phakathi kuka-1963 no-1966. Ekuqaleni yaqanjwa ngegama lesibizo le-BC108 futhi yayine-TO-18 yensimbi encapsulation (Transistor Outline package - case style 18). Leyo phakeji yayibiza kakhulu kune-plastic elingana ne-TO-92, kepha ukushabalalisa ukushisa kungcono ngaphambili.
Kamuva kuzoba nephakethe elisha lepulasitiki bese liqanjwa kabusha ngekhodi ye-BC148. Futhi yavela ku-BC108, BC238, yaya kulokho esikwaziyo manje njenge-BC548 nge-encapsulation eshibhile uhlobo TO-92, futhi lapha kwavela okufana ne-BC547. Umehluko phakathi kochungechunge ngokuyisisekelo wawuhlanganisiwe, waba ngaphakathi okufanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifinyezo sayo BC Kukhombisa ukuthi yi-silicon transistor (B), yemvamisa ephansi (C).
Kukhona nezinye iziqu ezifana ne- i-BF, kepha kulokhu kusetshenziselwa ukukhomba ama-transistors asetshenziselwa i-RF (imvamisa yomsakazo), okungukuthi, lawo athola inzuzo enhle kumaza aphezulu kakhulu.
Ukubuka konke komndeni we-BC5xx:
I-BC547 ingeyomndeni wama-transistors anezici ezifanayo njenge I-BC546, BC548, BC549 ne-BC550. Zonke zohlobo lwe-bipolar noma bipolar junction (BJT yeBipolar Junction Transistor). Okusho ukuthi, akuzona izinguquko zomphumela wensimu njengama-FET, ama-phototransistor alawulwa ukukhanya, njll. Lezi zinhlobo zama-bipolar transistors zenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-germanium, i-silicon noma i-gallium arsenide.
Igama le-bipolar livela eqinisweni lokuthi bakha ama-2 PN junctions, ngoba ama-transistor anezendlalelo ezintathu zama-semiconductor ahlelwe ngezindlela ezimbili ezingaba khona: I-NPN ne-PNP. Endabeni ye-BC547 sesivele sishilo ukuthi iyi-NPN. Okusho ukuthi, i-semiconductor enesici setafula lezikhathi ezithile elikuvumela ukuthi libe nokuthwala okungaphezulu kokuthwala (ama-electron) wezingxenye ze-N, kanye ne-semiconductor efakwe into enama-electron ambalwa e-valence okwenza i-P-type semiconductor ngokuthwala okungaphezulu kokuthwala okuhle kuleli cala (izimbobo).
Lokho kusho, uma sigxila emndenini, umehluko phakathi kwawo wonke amalungu it imnene impela. Ukusongelwa kwakho konke kuyafana, i-SOT54 noma i-TO-92. Kepha ngayinye yenzelwe uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi:
- I-BC546: ngamandla aphezulu (kufika ku-65v).
- I-BC547: futhi ngamandla aphezulu (45v)
- I-BC548: ngama-voltages ajwayelekile, aze afike ku-30v.
- I-BC549: ifana ne-BC548 kepha ngomsindo ophansi wezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibucayi noma ezizwelayo kumsindo we-elekthronikhi. Isibonelo, izinhlelo zemisindo ye-hi-fi.
- I-BC550: efana neyokuqala emibili, okungukuthi, yamandla aphezulu (45v) kepha ithuthukisiwe ukunikela ngomsindo ophansi.
Zonke zinezikhonkwane ezintathu, njengoba kunengqondo kuma-transistors. Ukuzikhomba, kufanele sikubheke ebusweni obunamanzi noma obucwebezelayo be-encapsulation, okungukuthi, sishiya ubuso obuyindilinga ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngakho-ke, ukusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla izikhonkwane yilezi: collector - base - emitter.
- Eziningi: yiphini yensimbi noma iphini lapho lihlangana nendawo engadonswanga kakhulu kunaleyo ethutha. Kulokhu kuyindawo yeN.
- Base: yi-pin noma i-metallic contact exhunywe endaweni ephakathi okumele ibe mncane kakhulu. Kulokhu kuyindawo P.
- Transmitter: oxhumana naye oxhunywe komunye umkhawulo (i-zone N kuleli cala) futhi lokho kufanele kube yisifunda esinamaphilisi amaningi ukunikela inani elikhulu kakhulu labathwali kulamanje.
Lapho lokhu sekwaziwa, sizoqonda kangcono ukuthi i-transistor BC isebenza kanjani. Endabeni ethile ye-BC5xx, ukuphuma kwemisinga ye- kufika ku-100 mA. Lokho wukuthi, lokhu kungaba ngamandla amakhulu kakhulu angakwazi ukugeleza phakathi komqoqi kanye ne-emitter, elawulwa yisisekelo njengokungathi yiswishi. Endabeni yezingcindezi ezamukelwe kakhulu, lokhu kuyehluka kuye ngemodeli njengoba sibonile.
Khumbula ukuthi ubukhulu bamanje be-100mA benzelwe kuphela i- DC, ngoba kumanje oshintshashintshayo lapho kukhona iziqongo zamaphoyinti wesikhathi esifushane ungakhuphukela ku-200 mA ngaphandle kokubhubhisa i-transistor. Kodwa-ke, abanye abakhiqizi abanjengoFairchild wasenganekwaneni nomlando baye bakha namamodeli we-BC547 angafika ku-500mA, noma ingekho ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke ungathola mhlawumbe ama-datasheet we-BC547 anezilinganiso ezithile eziguquguqukayo kulokho okuchazwe lapha ...
Izici ze-BC547:
Ngemuva kokufunda ngezinto ezithile esifana ngazo namalungu omndeni, ake sigxile kobukhulu obuthile futhi izici ezithile ze-BC547.
Inzuzo:
La inzuzo yamanje, uma sikhuluma ngesisekelo esivamile, cishe kuyinzuzo yamanje kusuka kummemezeli kuya kumqoqi esifundeni esisebenza ngqo, njalo ingaphansi kuka-1. Uma kwenzeka i-BC548, njengabafowabo bomndeni wayo, inenzuzo enhle kakhulu of phakathi 110 no-800 hFE Okwamanje okuqondile. Lokhu kuvame ukucaciswa ngencwadi eyengeziwe ekugcineni kwegama lesibizo ekhombisa ibanga lokuzuza elibheka ukubekezelelana kwedivayisi. Uma ingekho incwadi enjalo kungenzeka ukuthi ibe phakathi kwebanga engilinikezile. Ngokwesibonelo:
- I-BC547: phakathi kuka-110-800hFE.
- I-BC547A: phakathi kuka-110-220hFE.
- I-BC547B: phakathi kuka-200-450hFE.
- I-BC547C: phakathi kuka-450-800hFE.
Lokho wukuthi, umenzi ulinganisela ukuthi kuzoba phakathi kwalezo zigaba, kepha akwaziwa ukuthi iyini ngempela inzuzo yangempela, ngakho-ke kufanele sizibeke icala elibi kakhulu lapho siklama isifunda. Ngale ndlela, kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi isekethe liyasebenza noma ngabe inzuzo ingaphansi kobubanzi, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi isekethe lizoqhubeka nokusebenza uma sithatha indawo ye-transistor eshiwo. Cabanga ukuthi udizayinele isekethe ukuthi isebenze okungenani ngama-200hFE futhi une-BC547B kodwa uthathe isinqumo sokuyifaka esikhundleni se-BC547A noma i-BC547, kungenzeka ingafinyeleli kulelo zinga futhi ngeke isebenze ... Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukwenzela ukusebenza nabangu-110, noma ngabe kuzokusebenzela.
Impendulo ejwayelekile:
La imvamisa impendulo kubaluleke kakhulu kuma-amplifiers. Ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenza ngamafrikhwensi owodwa noma amanye kuzoncika ekuphenduleni kwemvamisa ye-transistor. Lokhu kuzokukhumbuza okuthile uma ufunde izihloko ezinjengezihlungi zokuphasa okuphezulu kanye nezihlungi zemvamisa zokuhamba okuphansi, akunjalo? Endabeni yomndeni obonwe lapha, ngakho-ke yi-BC547, banempendulo enhle yemvamisa futhi bangasebenza kuma frequencies phakathi 150 no-300 Mhz.
Imvamisa, ku imininingo egciniwe Imininingwane ephelele ye-transistor inikezwa kusuka kubakhiqizi, kufaka phakathi igrafu yempendulo yemvamisa. Le mibhalo ingalandwa nge-PDF kumawebhusayithi asemthethweni wabenzi bedivayisi, futhi lapho uzothola amanani. Uzobona impendulo yemvamisa ngama-initials fT.
Lezi zikhathi eziphezulu zizoqinisekisa ukuthi i-transistor khulisa okungenani i-1, njengoba ukuphakama kwemvamisa kuphakama, ukwehla kokukhulisa kwe-transistor ngenxa yengxenye yayo eyi-capacitive. Ngaphezulu kwalawo amaza amukelekile, i-transistor ingaba nenzuzo encane kakhulu noma ingatholi lutho, ngakho-ke ayikhokhi.
Ukulingana nokuhambisana:
- Ukulingana:
- Kuyafana: i-hole hole board mount transistor kungaba yi 2N2222 noma i-PN2222 esizonikezela kuyo enye i-athikili ekhethekile. Kepha qaphela! Endabeni yenganekwane 2N2222, izikhonkwane ze-emitter neqoqayo ziyahlehliswa. Lokho wukuthi, kuzoba yi-emitter-base-collector esikhundleni se-collector-base-emitter. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uyihlanganise noma uyibeke izungeze u-180º maqondana nokuthi ube nayo kanjani i-BC547.
- SMDUma ufuna intaba engaphezulu elingana ne-BC547 yamasekethe amancane aphrintiwe noma ama-PCB, khona-ke okudingayo yi-BC487 eboshwe ngaphansi kwe-SOT23. Lokho kungagwema ukuba nepuleti enezimbobo zokufaka nokufaka. Ngendlela, uma ufuna ama-transistor alinganayo e-bipolar amanye amalungu omndeni, ungahlola i-BC846, BC848, BC849 ne-BC850. Lokho okungukuthi, faka i-BC4xx nge-BC8xx efanayo.
- Kuyahambisana: Esinye isimo esingavela ukuthi ufuna okuphambene, okungukuthi, i-PNP esikhundleni se-NPN. Uma kunjalo, okulungile kungaba yi-BC557. Ukuthola izinto ezihambisanayo zawo wonke amalungu omndeni, ungasebenzisa i-BC5xx efana ne: BC556, BC558, BC559 ne-BC560.
Ngiyethemba lokhu okuthunyelwe kukusizile futhi okulandelayo kuzoba yi-PN2222.
Sawubona, ntambama, ngithole ukuthi le ndatshana ilusizo kakhulu njengoba ngilungisa futhi ngifaka ama-transistor kwisikhulisi esidala se-Audinac FM900. Ngiyabonga !!!
Sawubona, ngiyabonga kakhulu ngokuphawula
kuhle kakhulu, imininingwane ebengiyifuna nje, ngiyakuhalalisela
Yebo, lolo hluka lokwahlukahluka maqondana ne-transistor ye-BC 547 lubaluleke kakhulu. Kazi unganginikeza yini umdwebo ne-BC547 ukwenza i- "Pre" ne-Electret. Lokho wukuthi, yenza isekethe nge-Electret (Microphone) bese uyixhuma kwisikhulisi seMono. Ukudlulisa imiyalezo evuselelayo esivuna labo abavakashela i-Facebook noma eminye imithombo yezokukhangisa. Imininingwane oyinikezile yinhle kakhulu futhi ichazwe kahle. NGIYABONGA ngeposi lakho.
Kwangathi uBaba wethu osezulwini angakubusisa kanye nomndeni wakho onothando.
Ngivela ezweni El Salvador CA Ngiyabonga.
I-athikili enhle kakhulu futhi ngiyabonga!
Lo mbhalo unamaphutha amaningana, phakathi kwawo amakhulu kunalawa alandelayo:
… Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngegama layo elithi BC siyabona ukuthi kuyisisekelo sokwakheka kwesisekelo esijwayelekile….
Isifinyezo se-BC sakwa-transistor asihlangene nakancane nalokho esikushoyo, ngoba i-B ikhombisa ukuthi i-transistor ye-silicon, kanti i-C ukuthi i-transistor enemvamisa ephansi.
Ungayibona kuleli khasi:
https://areaelectronica.com/semiconductores-comunes/transistores/codigo-designacion-transistores/#:~:text=En%20la%20nomenclatura%20americana%20los,facilitado%20por%20el%20fabricante%20herunterladen.
Kunamaphutha amaningi kulo mbhalo:
. . . Inzuzo yamanje, lapho sikhuluma ngesisekelo esivamile, cishe iyinzuzo yamanje kusuka ku-emitter kuya kumqoqi esifundeni esisebenza ngqo….
Lapho kukhulunywa ngesisekelo esivamile, kuyaqondakala ukuthi kungumhlangano wesisekelo ovamile, lapho kwenzeka ukuthi inzuzo yamanje ihlale ingaphansi kuka-1.
Lapho ukhuluma ngenzuzo yama-transistors akudingeki ukuthi usho uhlobo lokumiswa.
Ngibe nguthisha we-elektroniki iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35.
A ukubingelela.
Sawubona,
Uxolo ngamaphutha. Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngokweluleka.
Ngikufisela okuhle!