Schottky diode: kuyini futhi yini ekhethekile ngayo

i-schottky diode

El i-schottky diode ingenye ye Izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi okuthakazelisa kakhulu kumaphrojekthi kagesi. Uhlobo oluthile kakhulu lwe-diode enezici ezithile eziyenza ihluke futhi isebenziseke kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Uma kubhekwa isivinini sayo sokushintsha okuphezulu, iphinde isetshenziswe kabanzi kuma-TTL logic ICs.

Kulesi umhlahlandlela uzokwenza yazi ukuthi kuyini i-Schottky diode, eyasungula, izakhiwo zayo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, lapho ungayithenga khona, njll.

Iyini i-diode?

uphawu kanye ne-pinout ye-diode 1n4148

Un I-semiconductor diode Kuyingxenye ye-elekthronikhi enamatheminali angu-2 avumela ukujikeleza kwamandla kagesi kuwo, kodwa kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa, kuvimbe indlela eya kwenye. Lezi zakhiwo zizenza zisebenziseke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, njengamandla kagesi. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukulawula.

Kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-diode, Ngokwesibonelo:

  • I-avalanche diode noma i-TVS, ehambisa ngakolunye uhlangothi lapho i-voltage ehlehlayo idlula i-voltage yokuphuka.
  • I-diode ye-LED, ekwazi ukukhipha ukukhanya kwemibala ehlukene kuye ngokubunjwa. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho abathwali bokushaja bedlula lapho kuhlangana khona futhi bakhipha ama-photon.
  • I-tunnel effect diode noma i-Esaki, evumela ukukhulisa amasignali nokusebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu kakhulu. Angasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, izindawo ezinozibuthe eziphakeme, kanye nemisebe ephezulu ngenxa yokugxila okuphezulu kweshaji.
  • I-Gunn diode, afana nalawo omhubhe futhi akhiqiza ukumelana okungalungile.
  • laser diode, efana ne-LED, kodwa ingakhipha i-laser beam.
  • diode ezishisayo, ingasebenza njengenzwa yokushisa, ngoba kuye ngokuthi, i-voltage iyahlukahluka.
  • Ama-Photodiode, enamathiselwe kubathwali be-optical charge, okungukuthi, ezwela ekukhanyeni. Angasetshenziswa futhi njengezinzwa zokukhanya.
  • I-PIN diode, ifana nendawo evamile yokuhlangana, kodwa enesigaba esimaphakathi esingenayo i-dopant. Okusho ukuthi, ungqimba lwangaphakathi oluphakathi kuka-P no-N. Asetshenziswa njengamaswishi emvamisa ephezulu, ama-attenuators, noma izitholi zemisebe ye-ionizing.
  • ISchottky diode, le diode iyona esithakaselayo kulesi sihloko, iyi-diode enensimbi yokuxhumana ene-voltage ephansi kakhulu yokuphuka kune-PN.
  • i-stabistor noma i-diode yereferensi yangaphambili, ekwazi ukuzinza ngokwedlulele ku-voltage eya phambili.
  • i-varicap, i-variable capacitance diode.

Iyini i-Schottky diode?

i-schottky diode

El I-Schottky diode yaqanjwa ngesazi sefiziksi saseJalimane uWalter Hermann Schottky., njengoba idala umgoqo we-Schottky (i-metal-semiconductor noma i-MS junction) esikhundleni sokusebenzisa umxhumano ovamile we-semiconductor. Ngaleso sizathu, kwezinye izindawo uzoyithola ngaphansi kwegama elithi Schottky barrier diode noma i-surface barrier diode.

Ngenxa yaleyo nyunyana, le diode ine-a ukwehla kwe-voltage eya phambili ephansi kune-PN diode, futhi ingasetshenziswa kumafrikhwensi omsakazo (RF) kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokushintsha ngesivinini esikhulu. Futhi, omunye umehluko nge-silicon PN junction diode ukuthi ine-voltage eya phambili evamile engu-0.6 kuya ku-0.75V, kuyilapho i-Schottky eyodwa ingu-0.15 kuya ku-0.45V. Leso sidingo esiphansi se-voltage yiso esibenza bashintshe ngokushesha.

Ukwehla kungahluka kusuka ku-Schottky diode kuya kwenye, ngoba kuya ngensimbi esetshenzisiwe. Ukuze uthole ukuthi iyini, funda ukwaziswa okwengeziwe komkhiqizi.

Ukubuyela esihlokweni se inyunyana ye-MS, insimbi ngokuvamile i-tungsten, i-chromium, i-platinum, i-molybdenum, amanye ama-silicides (avame kakhulu ngoba ashibhile, maningi futhi ane-conductivity enhle), noma futhi igolide, kuyilapho i-semiconductor ngokuvamile iyi-silicon ene-doped yohlobo lwe-N, nakuba zikhona nezinye. ihlanganisa ama-semiconductors. Uhlangothi lwensimbi luyi-anode, kanti uhlangothi lwe-semiconductor luhambisana ne-cathode.

I-Schottky diode ayinakho isendlalelo sokuwohloka, futhi ihlukaniswa njengedivayisi ye-semiconductor ye-unipolar, esikhundleni se-bipolar njengama-PN. Futhi, okwamanje kuzoba umphumela wabathwali abaningi (ama-electron) ahamba nge-diode, futhi njengoba kungekho-P-zone, abekho abathwali abambalwa (izimbobo), futhi uma ukuhlanekezela okuphambene nakho, abaqhubi be-diode bazoyeka cishe ngaso leso sikhathi, icindezela ukugeleza kwamandla.

Ukusebenza kwe-Schottky diode

Ngokuqondene ne Ukusebenza kwe-Schottky diode, ingenza ngezindlela eziningana kuye ngokuthi i-polarization:

  • hhayi polarized: Ngaphandle kokuchema, i-MS junction (eyi-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-N), ama-electron ebhendi yokuqhuba noma ama-electron amahhala asuka ku-semiconductor aye ensimbi ukuze amise isimo sokulingana. Njengoba wazi, lapho i-athomu engathathi hlangothi izuza i-electron iba ion engalungile, futhi lapho ilahlekelwa yiyo iba yi-ion enhle. Lokho kuzodala ukuthi ama-athomu ensimbi abe ama-ion angemuhle futhi lawo asohlangothini lwe-semiconductor abe positive, asebenze njengezifunda zokuncipha. Njengoba insimbi inama-electron amaningi amahhala, ububanzi ama-electron ahamba phezu kwabo abunakwa uma kuqhathaniswa nobubanzi obungaphakathi kwendawo yohlobo lwe-N. Lokhu kubangela amandla akhelwe ngaphakathi (i-voltage) ikakhulukazi endaweni ye-N. eyakhelwe ngaphakathi I-voltage ingaba isithiyo okuhlangatshezwana naso ama-electron kubhendi yokuqhuba ye-semiconductor lapho izama ukudlulela ohlangothini lwensimbi (inani elincane kuphela lama-electron ageleza ukusuka ku-S kuya ku-M). Ukuze unqobe lo mgoqo, ama-electron amahhala adinga amandla amakhulu kune-voltage eyakhelwe ngaphakathi noma angeke abe khona okwamanje.
  • Ukuhlukaniswa okuqondile: Uma itheminali ephozithivu yomthombo wamandla ixhunywe kutheminali yensimbi (i-anode) kanye netheminali enegethivu ku-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-N (cathode), i-Schottky diode ichemile phambili. Lokho kukhiqiza inani elikhulu lama-electron amahhala ku-M ​​no-S, kodwa awakwazi ukuwela ngaphandle uma i-voltage esetshenzisiwe idlula u-0.2v, ukuze anqobe leso sivimbelo (i-voltage ehlanganisiwe). Okusho ukuthi, ukugeleza kwamanje.
  • Phindisela ukuhlukaniswa: Kulesi simo, ukuphela okunegethivu kokunikezwa kwamandla kuzoxhunywa ohlangothini lwensimbi (i-anode), kanye ne-positive ku-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-N (cathode). Kuleso simo, ububanzi besifunda sokunciphisa buyakhula futhi ukugeleza kwamanje kunqanyuliwe. Akuwona wonke ama-currents anqanyuliwe, njengoba kukhona ukugeleza okuncane okuvuzayo ngenxa yama-electron ajabule ensimbi. Uma i-voltage ye-reverse bias yanda, amandla kagesi azokhula kancane kancane ngenxa yobuthakathaka besithiyo. Futhi uma ifinyelela inani elithile, ukwanda okungazelelwe kwamandla kagesi kwenzeka, ukuphula isifunda sokunciphisa futhi kulimaze i-diode ye-Schottky unomphela.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwe-diode ye-Schottky

Njengokuvamile nganoma iyiphi idivayisi noma isistimu, uhlala unayo izinzuzo zayo kanye nebubi. Endabeni ye-Schottky diode yilezi:

Izinzuzo ze-Schottky Diode

  • Amandla we-junction ephansi: Ku-PN diode isifunda sokunciphisa sakhiwe ngamashaji agciniwe futhi kukhona amandla. Kwi-diode ye-Schottky lezi zindleko azikhokhwa.
  • Isikhathi sokubuyisela emuva okusheshayo: yisikhathi i-diode esithathayo ukusuka ku-ON (conductive) ukuya ku-OFF (okungeyona e-conductive), okungukuthi, isivinini sokushintsha. Lokhu kuhlobene nalokhu okungenhla, ngoba ukuze kudlule kusuka kwesinye isimo kuya kwesinye, izindleko ezigcinwe endaweni yokunciphisa kufanele zikhishwe noma ziqedwe, njengoba ziphansi ku-Schottky, zizodlula esigabeni esisodwa kuya kwesinye ngokushesha. .
  • ukuminyana okuphezulu kwamanje: omunye umphumela walokhu okungenhla ukuthi i-voltage encane yanele ukukhiqiza i-current enkulu ngoba indawo yokuncipha cishe ayinaki.
  • Ukwehla kwe-voltage eya phambili ephansi noma i-voltage ephansi yokuthungela: Iphansi uma iqhathaniswa ne-PN junction diode evamile, ngokuvamile i-0.2v kuya ku-0.3v, kuyilapho ama-PN ngokuvamile eba ngu-0.6 noma 0.7v. Okusho ukuthi, i-voltage encane iyadingeka ukuze kukhiqizwe ukugeleza kwamanje.
  • Ukusebenza okuphezulu: uma kuqhathaniswa nalokhu okungenhla, futhi lokhu kusho ukuchithwa kokushisa okuncane kumasekhethi wamandla aphezulu.
  • Ifanele amafrikhwensi aphezulu: Ukushesha, bangasebenza kahle ezinhlelweni ze-RF.
  • Umsindo omncane: I-Schottky diode ikhiqiza umsindo ongafuneki omncane kunama-diode avamile.

I-Schottky Diode Izinkinga

Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-bipolar diode, i-Schottky diode inesimo esisodwa esingalungile esibonakalayo:

  • Ukugcwala kwesikhala kokuhlehla okuphezulu kwamanje: ikhiqiza imanje esibuyisela emuva sokugcwala esikhulu kune-PN.

Umehluko nge-PN junction diode

Ijika le-Schottky diode yokuqhathanisa

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngokuthi i-Schottky diode ingaba negalelo ngani kuphrojekthi yakho, ungabona igrafu yangaphambilini enamajika e-silicon ye-PN nama-GaAs diode, kanye nohlobo lwe-Schottky lwalawo ma-semiconductors afanayo. Umehluko okuphawuleka kakhulu yilezi:

ISchottky diode I-PN Junction Diode
I-Metal-semiconductor junction uhlobo lwe-N I-PN semiconductor junction.
Ukwehla kwe-voltage eya phambili ephansi. Ukwehla kwamandla kagesi aphezulu.
Ukulahleka kokuhlehla okuphansi kokuhlehlisa kanye nesikhathi sokuthola kabusha. Ukulahleka okuphezulu kokuhlehla kokuhlehla kanye nesikhathi sokubuyisela emuva.
I-unipolar. Une-bi-polar.
I-current ikhiqizwa kuphela ukuhamba kwama-electron. Yamanje ikhiqizwa ukunyakaza kwezimbobo nama-electron.
Ukushintsha isivinini. Ukushintsha kancane.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingenzeka ze-Schottky diode

Ama-Schottky diode avame kakhulu emikhiqizweni eminingi ye-elekthronikhi. Izakhiwo zabo eziyingqayizivele kanye nezinzuzo ngaphezu kwamanye ama-diode zisho ukuthi banazo izicelo ezihlukahlukene njengoba:

  • Okwamasekhethi e-RF.
  • njengezilungisi zamandla.
  • Okwezinto zamandla ezihlukene kakhulu.
  • Ezinhlelweni ezinama-solar panel ukuze ziwavikele ekushajweni okuhlanekezela amabhethri ajwayele ukuxhunywa kuwo.
  • Futhi okuningi ...

Futhi ngenxa yalokhu, zingavezwa zombili ngokuzimela, njenge ishumekwe kuma-IC.

lapho ongawathenga khona lawa ma-diode

Uma udinga ama-Schottky diode amaphrojekthi akho noma ukuqala ukuwahlola futhi uwaqonde kangcono, ungawathola ezitolo ezikhethekile ze-electronics, kanye nase-Amazon. Nakhu onakho izincomo ezithile:


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