Inzwa yokupaka ene-Arduino ne-HC-SR04

Cishe zonke izimoto ezikhiqizwayo njengamanje zinenzwa yokupaka noma inzwa yokupaka esivele ihlanganisiwe. Lezi zinhlobo zezinzwa zivela ezinzwa zokusondela ezilula ezikuxwayisa lapho uzoshayisana nento futhi zikuxwayise ngesiginali yomsindo noma ezinye izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezifaka ikhamera futhi zikukhombise isithombe neminye imigqa yemingcele isibonisi sebhodi.

Yiba ngangokunokwenzeka, lolu hlobo lwedivayisi kuyasiza kakhulu ukupaka kahle futhi ungakwenzi "ngendlebe" njengabanye… Lokhu kuzokugwema ukuvakashelwa osebenza ngomzimba ngenxa yomonakalo odalwe ukushaya ibhola noma enye imoto emile. Kepha ngeshwa, akuzona zonke izimoto ezinayo eyodwa, futhi izimoto eziningi ezindala azinayo. Kepha lokho akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukusebenzisa eyodwa emotweni yakho. Lapha sizokukhombisa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani.

Thenga inzwa yokupaka

Sekuvele kukhona izinzwa zokupaka ezenziwe emakethe kulabo abangaphansi kokusebenziseka kwalezi zinto. Ngakho-ke uma ungeyena umenzi futhi ungayithandi i-DIY, ungakhetha lolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo engabizi kakhulu. Ezinye zingasetshenziswa ukubuyisela inzwa yokupaka uma leyo esemotweni yakho ilimele noma ukuyifaka emotweni ebingenayo njengokujwayelekile.

Ayikho imikhiqizo etholakele., futhi ingahle isuke ku- € 20 iye ku- € 30. Konke kuvamise ukuba nezinzwa eziningana ozozibeka kubhampa ngemuva emotweni yakho bese uhola izintambo ziye ngaphakathi egumbini lomgibeli ukubeka ucingo olukhipha umsindo ngaphakathi. Ezinye zifaka nesibonisi esincane esikhombisa ibanga lokushaya into engemuva.

I-También ikhona ezinye esezithuthuke kancane, futhi esikhundleni sezinzwa banamakhamera. Mayelana ne-interface ezofakwa kulezi zimo ngaphakathi, yisikrini esizokhombisa isithombe osibonayo ukupaka imoto ngendlela elula. Kulezi zimo, intengo icishe ibe ngu- € 50.

Dala inzwa yakho yokupaka

Manje uma ufuna ukuzakhela ngokwakho, ungasebenzisa le phrojekthi usebenzisa ibhodi ye-arduino, ikhodi elula yohlelo lwayo, nezinzwa ze-ultrasound ukukala amabanga afana ne-HC-SR04. Uma uthanda, ungahluka le nzwa yebanga kwabanye esiyichaze ku-HwLibre ukwengeza ukucacisa okukhulu, yize lokhu kunganela.

Isebenza kanjani inzwa yokupaka?

Okokuqala, kufanele ube nokuqonda okuhle kokuthi inzwa yokupaka imoto isebenza kanjani. Kuyithuluzi eliyisisekelo kakhulu. Isimiso esincike kuso yileso se- Linganisa amabanga ngosizo lwenzwa ye-ultrasonic noma ye-optical. Uma isekude ukusuka ekushayeni into, izokhipha isignali, imvamisa izwakala nge-buzzer noma efanayo. Ngaleyo ndlela, umshayeli uzokwazi ukuthi ame nini ukugwema ukushayisa.

Ngakho, yilokhu okufanele ukukhiqize kabusha nge-Arduino, sebenzisa inzwa eyodwa noma eziningi zebanga, futhi lapho bethola ibanga elithile, i-microcontroller isebenzisa uhlelo lwe-buzzer noma lwe-visual signal oluxwayisa. Ukungeza inzwa yebanga engaphezu kweyodwa kuzovumela ukucacisa okukhulu kusuka kuma-engeli ahlukile, ngoba ngenzwa eyodwa ngeke ukwazi ukuxwayisa ngezinto ezingekho ngaphakathi kwenzwa.

Imininingwane engaphezulu - Inzwa ye-VL53L0X laser / HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Inzwa

Izingxenye ezidingekayo

Ukwakha inzwa yakho yokupaka uzodinga:

Ungakwenza kanjani igxathu negxathu

Lapho usunakho konke okudingayo, okulandelayo xhuma izingxenye ngokufanele. Ukwenza lokhu, ungalandela uhlelo olulula lwalesi sifunda engikukhombisa lona lapha. Ukuxhumeka kulula kakhulu. Lapho konke sekuxhunyiwe, kuzodingeka kuphela ukuhlela i-microcontroller kusuka ku-Arduino IDE.

Kulokhu, sisebenzisa ama-LED amathathu anemibala ehlukene. Isibonelo, kungaba luhlaza okukodwa, okuphuzi okukodwa, nokubomvu okukodwa, yize ungasebenzisa eminye imibala. Okuhlaza kuzokhombisa ukuthi ungaqhubeka nokuhlehla ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Okuphuzi kukhombisa ukuthi kufanele uqaphele ngoba isondela entweni, futhi ibomvu lapho kufanele umise imashi ukugwema ukushayeka. Ibanga elimakwe njengokungenzeka, lokuqapha nokumisa kumele lilinganiswe kahle ...

El Umdwebo we-Arduino IDE lokho kuzodingeka ukuthi kuhlelwe ukuthi isifunda sisebenze, kungaba

#define pulso 9  //pin para el pulso en el #9
#define rebote 8 //pin donde recibe rebote en el #8
 
#define led_verde 13  //LED verde
#define led_amarillo 12  //LED amarillo
#define led_rojo 11  //LED rojo
 
#define SIN_PROBLEMA 100 //Distancia razonable de 1m
#define PRECAUCION 20  //Distancia peligrosa 20 cm
 
int distancia;  //Variable distancia
float tiempo;  //Variable de tiempo
 
void setup()
{
//Declaraciones para las salidas o entradas de cada pin
  Serial.begin(9600);  
  pinMode(pulso, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(rebote, INPUT);
  pinMode(led_verde, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(led_amarillo, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(led_rojo, OUTPUT); 
}
 
void loop()
{
  digitalWrite(pulso,LOW); //Estabilizar el sensor antes de comenzar
  delayMicroseconds(5);
  digitalWrite(pulso, HIGH); //Enviar pulso ultrasonido
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  tiempo = pulseIn(rebote, HIGH);  //Mide el tiempo
  distancia = 0.01715*tiempo; //Calcula la distancia a la que estás del objeto
   
  if(distancia > SIN_PROBLEMA)  //Evalúa la distancia
  {
    digitalWrite(led_verde, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(led_amarillo, LOW);
    digitalWrite(led_rojo, LOW);
  }
  else if (distancia <= SIN_PROBLEMA && distancia > PRECAUCION) //Distancia de precaución
  {
    digitalWrite(led_verde, LOW);
    digitalWrite(led_amarillo, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(led_rojo, LOW);
  }
  else  //si la distancia es menor de 20 centímetros o menor -> ALERTA
  {
    digitalWrite(led_verde, LOW);
    digitalWrite(led_amarillo, LOW);
    digitalWrite(led_rojo, HIGH);
  }
  delay(10);
}

Ungaguqula amakhodi ukuze ungeze inzwa engaphezu kweyodwa ukuze uyibeke ezinhlangothini nasendaweni emaphakathi yemoto yakho. Ungashintsha futhi amabanga athathwa njengaphephile, aqaphe, noma ayingozi ngokususelwa kumakhono akho noma ukuthi uzwela kangakanani. Ungakwazi ngisho nokuguqula amathoni we-buzzer. Ukuze usebenzise amakhamera, ungakwenza usebenzisa enye indlela, bese umane uxhuma isignali kusuka kusikrini se-LCD kuya kwisignali yesithombe evela kumakhamera ...

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kuyikhodi elula kakhulu. Manje sekuzoba yindaba yokuhamba kusuka kubhodi yesinkwa uye ku- umklamo ozinzile ngokwengeziwe ukuyishiya isebenza unomphela emotweni yakho. Ngalokho, uma sekufakazelwe ukuthi kusebenza kahle, ungazixubha izingxenye kupuleti eliboshwe noma i-PCB ukuyifaka emotweni ...