Iningi le izandiso zefayela ziyazichaza, zikhombisa uhlobo lwefayela kanye nohlelo olusetshenziswe ukulivula. Abasebenzisi abaningi bayazi ukuthi ifayela le-.jpg liyifomethi yesithombe noma ifayela le-.docx liyahambisana ne-Microsoft Word, isibonelo. Nokho, isandiso sefayela le-.md asaziwa kakhulu. Amafayela we-.md angahlelwa njengamafayela ombhalo alula ngaphandle kwesidingo sesofthiwe ekhethekile. Okulandelayo, sizochaza indlela yokuvula ifayela le-.md nokuthi lisetshenziselwa ini.
Liyini ifayela le-.md?
Un Ifayela elithi .md liyifayela lombhalo ongenalutho okungabandakanyi ezinye izinto. Ungafometha izigaba ezithile ngokufaka izimpawu embhalweni. Isibonelo, ungagqamisa igama noma isigaba ngokubeka ama-asterisk amabili ngaphambi nangemuva kwawo. Isandiso sefayela le-.md, esaziwa nangokuthi .markdown, sisetshenziselwa imibhalo ye-Markdown. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ifayela ngalinye le-.md lakhiwe ngolunye lwezilimi zokuthuthukisa i-Markdown, eziyingxenye yezilimi zokumaka.
Njenge-HTML (Ulimi Lwemakhaphu Yombhalo Ophakeme), noma ubani angakwazi dala noma uguqule okuqukethwe nokufometha, kunoma yimuphi umhleli wombhalo. Nakuba kunzima ukuthi abantu bafunde futhi baqonde izakhi zemakhaphu ye-HTML, kulula ukuyifunda nokuyiqonda. I-Markdown ifundeka kalula kune-Markdown, nakuba amandla ayo okufometha elinganiselwe, ngakho isetshenziswa kuphela uma ifayela liqukethe umbhalo kuphela.
El funda ifayela okuhambisana nezinhlelo eziningi kuvame ukuthintana nabangabenzi bohlelo. Ivamise ukubhala imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nesicelo kanye nenqubo yokusifaka. Leli fayela likhonjwe igama elithi readme.md. I-Markdown iphinde isetshenziswe ngamaqembu ahlobene nobuchwepheshe kanye nezinkundla zokuthuthukisa. Abahleli bezinhlelo basebenzisa amafayela e-.md ukuze bagcine futhi baqhathanise izinguqulo ezihlukene zekhodi yomthombo. Njengoba i-Markdown isekelwe embhalweni, kulula ukuqhathanisa okuqukethwe okudala nezibuyekezo uma kuqhathaniswa nokumbambili. Futhi, i-Markdown ingaguqulelwa ku-HTML kalula kunamafayela kanambambili.
Livula kanjani ifayela le-.md?
Amafayela .md ingavulwa futhi ihlelwe nge noma yimuphi umhleli wombhalo. Okulandelayo, sizokukhombisa izinhlelo ezaziwayo ze IWindows, iLinux neMacOSphakathi kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Nansi indlela:
Abahleli beWindows
Isicelo samahhala I-Notepad yeWindows kusukela ku-Microsoft Store ibisiza abasebenzisi ukuthi bavule, babuke, futhi balungise amadokhumenti e-.md iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30. Kusukela kuzinguqulo zakamuva ze-Windows, le softhiwe ayiyona ingxenye yangaphakathi yesistimu yokusebenza, kodwa isatholakala mahhala.
Uhlelo lokusebenza Microsoft WordPad, futhi mahhala, iphrosesa yamagama ethuthukisiwe evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafomethe futhi baphrinte amadokhumenti kanye nokuwaqamba nokuwahlela. Abahleli bavame ukukhetha uhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala lwe-Notepad++, olunganwetshwa ngama-plugin.
gVim uhlelo lokusebenza lomthombo ovulekile lwamahhala olungalandwa njengohlelo lokusebenza futhi lunikeza imisebenzi eminingi. Ingasebenza kumadokhumenti amaningana noma amafayela we-.md ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi ine-interface yomsebenzisi eyivumelayo.
Abahleli be-macOS
Umklamo we-minimalist we UmbhaloMate kanye nesethi yayo ecebile yezici ikwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile phakathi kwabahleli bohlelo. Imisebenzi eminingi, evumela imiyalo ephindaphindwayo ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokushesha, imane nje izici ezimbalwa kweziningi ezisekelwa yilo mhleli. Lolu hlelo luhambisana nezilimi zokuhlela ezimbalwa futhi lunikeza uchungechunge lwezici ezisiza abahleli bohlelo ukuthi basebenze ngokuphumelelayo. Abasebenzisi be-Mac bangakwazi futhi ukuvula amafayela we-.md futhi basebenzise isihloli sokupela esakhelwe ngaphakathi, amashadi okungenisa, namathebula efomethi nohlu, okuhlukanisa lolu hlelo lokusebenza kweziqhudelana nalo. Uhlelo lwamahhala Bhala ukubuyekeza kusuka ku-Apple kuyingxenye ebalulekile ye-Mac OS.
Abahleli be-Linux
Ama-GNU Emacs, umhleli wombhalo ovulekile, uyatholakala ku-Linux kanye ne-Windows ne-macOS. Iwumhleli wombhalo olula onikeza isici esithakasela kakhulu abahleli bohlelo: indawo yokuthuthukisa edidiyelwe lapho izinhlelo zingahlanganiswa khona, zisebenze futhi zihlolwe.
Incazelo enhle yokuthi liyini ifayela le-.md. Kodwa… I-Emacs yokuvula ifayela lokumaka?