I-Arduino + module edluliselwe ne-rock & roll: ukuxuba i-AC / DC

Ama-AC / DC nama-Arduino amalogo

Ngemuva kwethu izinhlelo zokufundisa nezinyathelo zokuqala e-Arduino, kulokhu sikulethela umhlahlandlela osebenzayo wokusebenza nawo I-Arduino futhi a edluliselwe moduleokungukuthi, ukwazi ukulawula, ngokusebenzisa i-Arduino low voltage circry yamanje, i-voltage ephakeme eshintshanisa uhlelo lwamanje. Lokho wukuthi, obekubonakala kungenakwenzeka ngebhodi elula ye-Arduino, njengokulawula imithwalo engu-220v, manje kungenzeka nge-module yokudlulisela.

Ngale ndlela, kuzokuvumela lawula imishini exhunywe kuma-mains. Futhi ukuze kungabi nemikhawulo kakhulu ngokwemikhuba, ngizozama ukuyichaza ngendlela engasetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwephrojekthi ongalicabanga noma uliguqule ngendlela elula yokwenza okufunayo ngempela, ngoba kunamaphrojekthi amaningi ku-Intanethi acaciswe kakhulu asebenzisa ibhodi ye-Arduino nemodyuli yokudlulisela ...

Ukudluliswa:

Ake sichaze konke odinga ukukwazi ngokudluliswa.

Kuyini ukudluliswa?

edluliselwe

Nge-relais yesiFulentshi kusho ukudluliswa, futhi lokho kunikeza inkomba yalokho okwenziwa yidlulisi empeleni. Ngokuyisisekelo ithuluzi elisebenza ngogesi elisebenza njenge switch elawulwayo ngasemfudlaneni. Ngokusebenzisa umshini onekhoyili ne-electromagnet, oxhumana nabo oyedwa noma ngaphezulu bangaqhutshwa ukuvula noma ukuvala isekethe kagesi ezimele, ngoba isekethe elithe lisebenza ngevolthi nohlobo lwamanje oluhlukile kunalolo oluyilawulayo okukhiphayo kusingatha amandla wesekethe aphezulu kunokokufaka).

Fue eyasungulwa nguJoseph Henry ngo-1835 (yize kwabikwa naku-Edward Davy ngawo lowo nyaka) futhi kusukela lapho kuguqukile futhi kwaguqulwa ngosayizi ekudlulisweni kwanamuhla esinakho manje. Ekuqaleni yayisetshenziselwa imishini ye-telegraphy, ngaleyo ndlela ilawula isignali yamanje ephakeme kusuka kusiginali ebuthakathaka etholwe kokufakwayo. Kancane kancane izicelo bezikhula futhi njengamanje zisetshenziselwa amacala amaningi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona?

ukudluliswa kokusebenza komdwebo

Uma sibheka ngaphakathi kokudluliselana, bese sihlaziya ukusebenza kwayo, siyabona ukuthi amandla okulawula okufakwayo amancane yilawo asebenzisa i-electromagnet ngalolo lucingo lwethusi bese ihambisa iswishi noma iswishi evula noma ivale isekethe lamandla aphezulu elizolawula ukuphuma kwalo. Konke lokhu kuhlukanisiwe ngomvikeli ovikela ukugwema izingozi, kepha noma ngabe kunjani, nginentshisekelo yokunye futhi yizinhlobo ezikhona ngokuya ngokusebenza kwazo.

I-Los izinhlobo zokudlulisela esinakho kungabonakala kusuka kumaphuzu ahlukene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele sigxile kwinqubo yayo yokuvula noma yokuvala inkinobho futhi kuya ngokuthi sinakho:

  • AKUKHO noma kuvulwe ngokujwayelekile: njengoba igama layo liphakamisa, yilezo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-electromagnet, oxhumana nabo beswishi noma bokukhipha okuvulekile bavulekile, akukho ukuxhumana kagesi phakathi kwabo ngakho-ke isekethe lizokhubazeka noma livuleke esimweni salo esijwayelekile. Lapho okokufaka kusetshenzwa ukuze lokhu kuguquke, ngaleso sikhathi ama-switch terminals azothintwa bese isifunda sizovala, okusho ukuthi, kuzovumela okwedlule ukuthi kudlule.
  • I-NC noma evame ukuvalwa: kuphambene nokwedlule, isekethi yokukhipha esimweni sayo esijwayelekile noma sokuphumula izovumela ukugeleza kwamanje. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokushesha nje lapho okufakwayo kusetshenzelwa kukho, isekethe liyavula bese i-current iphazamiseka.

Yilokho kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi lapho uthenga edluliselwe kuya ngephrojekthi esifuna ukuyakha. Kufanele ucabange ukuthi yini into ejwayelekile kakhulu yephrojekthi yakho, ukuthi idivayisi noma amadivayisi axhunywe kudluliso ahlala esebenza noma ukuthi ufuna ukuwenza asebenze ngezikhathi ezithile. Kuya ngalokho, kungaba ngcono ukukhetha eyodwa noma enye.

Por ejemplo, uhlelo lokunisela lapho uxhuma khona ipompo lamanzi kudluliso ukuze lisebenze lapho ufuna khona kuzoba ngcono ukukhetha i-NA, ngoba kulapho u-oda kuphela endaweni yesikhulumi se-Arduino lapho kufanele iphampu ixhunywe khona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ohlelweni lwezokuphepha lapho kudingeka khona ukuthi luxhunywe unomphela futhi lunqanyulwe kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile, i-NC izolungela kakhulu. Ngaleyo ndlela uzogwema ukuthi uhlale ukondla ukuhanjiswa okuvela ebhodini le-Arduino ukuphoqa isimo esingejwayelekile ...

Kepha ngaphandle kwalokho, kukhona ezinye izinhlobo zokudlulisela ngokusho kweminye imibono, njengezinqubo ezizisebenzisayo. Okwakudala yilawo kagesi esiwachazile, futhi aziwa kakhulu. Kepha kukhona nezinye ezingashayelwa ngamadivayisi ahlanganisiwe, okungukuthi, ngokuya ngesimo esiqinile. Olunye uhlobo oluthandekayo yilolo olunokukhipha okubambezelekile, okungukuthi, ukudluliswa okunesekethe elengeziwe ukuze umphumela wokukhiphayo kwawo ukuvula noma ukuvala isekethe kube ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile hhayi ngokushesha.

Ukudluliswa okukodwa namamojula:

edluliselwe module Arduino

Ungasebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi zokudluliswa kwamaphrojekthi wakho, njengalezo ezithengiswa zikhululekile uma zivumelanisa namandla kagesi webhodi le-Arduino ekufakweni kwalo. Kodwa-ke, indlela elula yokugwema isimanga sokungahambelani uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi uthenga ini ukusebenzisa amamojula enzelwe i-Arduino. Kunamamojula anokudluliswa okukodwa ukuxhumana kwawo ebhodini lethu le-Arduino kulula kakhulu, kepha kukhona futhi okuphindwe kabili okufana nalokhu ongakubona esithombeni esingenhla.

Lolu hlobo lwemodyuli ephindwe kabili luvame ukufaka ukudluliswa kwe-NO nokudluliswa kwe-NC ukuze ube nakho konke okudingayo ngephrojekthi yakho futhi ungahlola zombili izinketho ngemodyuli eyodwa efakwe entabeni efana naleyo Amapuleti okhiye ukuthi uzothola emakethe.

Uxhumana kanjani futhi uhlele kanjani ne-Arduino?

Umdwebo wokuxhuma no-Arduino nokudluliswa

Nawu umdwebo olula we Ukuxhumeka kwe-Arduino nge-module yokudlulisela. Ukuxhumeka kulula kakhulu, njengoba ubona. Ngokusobala, uma ukhethe imodyuli enokudluliswa okukodwa noma i-relay eyodwa oyithengile, kuzofanela uyishintshe kancane ukuze uyixhume kahle. Ngendlela, uma ukhethe imodyuli edluliswa kabili, ungasebenzisa eyodwa noma enye edluliselwe ngokuya ngokukufanele kakhulu kuphrojekthi yakho njengoba sengivele ngiphawulile ngaphambilini.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kungaba ukumane ubeke ikhebula kusuka ku-GND noma phansi okufanele uxhume kuzikhonkwane ze-GND zedluliso noma imodyuli yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho ulayini we-Vcc kufanele uye kwesinye sezikhonkwane ze-Arduino ezi-5v. Lokho kuzoba yilokho kuphela okudingekayo ukunika amandla ukudlulisa, kepha okwesithathu kuyadingeka. umugqa wokulawula "ukutshela" ukudluliswa ukuze kusebenze lapho sifuna noma lapho sifake ikhodi yekhodi yethu.

Hlonipha amamawoti okuphepha edluliselwayo, ngokwesibonelo, awadluli lawo ma-250VAC nama-10A maxum ebekiwe ngamanye ama-relays. Futhi qaphela lapho uphatha lesi sifunda, ngoba awugcini nje "ngokudlala" ngezilinganiso eziphansi zamanje eziqondile ezingakuthinti, kepha ungalimala uma ungaqapheli lapho uphatha lezo 220v ...

Ungabeka lokho kulawula noma ulayini wesiginali kunoma iyiphi izikhonkwane zokukhipha ezihleliwe zedijithali kusuka ku-Arduino yakho nokusuka lapho kuye kokokufaka okumakwe ku-IN kwimodyuli yokudlulisela. Yize kusikimu sethu sesi-2 sisetshenzisiwe, ungasebenzisa noma yini oyifunayo, kepha khumbula ukuthi iyiphi oyisebenzise ukuguqula ikhodi kahle noma izosebenza uma ucacisa enye ehlukile (iphutha elijwayelekile kakhulu).

Ngidinga ukuphawula ngeminye imininingwane emibili yohlelo, enye kungaba ukuthi lapho ngibeke khona i- «here your device / s» ungaxhuma isibani, ifeni, enye imoto yamanje noma noma iyiphi idivayisi esebenza umugqa ongu-220v. Vele, kuzofanele uyinike amandla ngokuxhuma leyo divayisi noma amadivayisi kunethiwekhi kagesi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungaguqula ikhebula lamandla ledivayisi ngokuphazamisa enye yezintambo zayo ezimbili zamandla (hhayi ikhebula lomhlabathi, uma linalo), ukufaka i-relay evula noma evala isifunda.

Uhlelo Arduino:

Ungakwenza nge I-Arduino IDE, nge-Ardublock noma iBitbloq, okungukuthi, yikuphi okulungele wena. Ikhodi elula yohlelo kungaba elandelayo, noma ungayiguqula ikhodi noma uyelule ngokuya ngezidingo zephrojekthi yakho:

const int rele = 2;
/***Setup***/
void setup() {
pinMode(rele,OUTPUT);}
/***Loop***/
void loop() {
digitalWrite(rele, XXX);
}

Ungashintshela i-XXX PHEZULU noma PHANSI kuya ngokuthi ufuna ukwenzani, okungukuthi, uyivule noma uyicime ngokulandelana. Kepha khumbula ukuthi kufanele ugcine engqondweni uma kuyi-NC noma i-NO ... Vele, ungangeza ikhodi eyengeziwe kuhlelo lokulibaziseka kwesikhathi, noma ukuthi icushiwe noma yenziwe yangasebenza ngokomcimbi, mhlawumbe okokufaka noma isimo sokunye okokufaka kwe-Arduino, njengokufaka inzwa futhi kuya ngokuthi iyasebenza yini noma cha yenza ushintsho lokudlulisa, njll.

Usuvele uyazi ukuthi amathuba maningi futhi umkhawulo umcabango wakho. Ungabona amathuba amaningi nezibonelo zekhodi ku- okokufundisa kwethu. Isibonelo, ukufaka izikhathi ukwenza kusebenze kungasebenzi kuzikhathi zeminithi elingu-1 esingazisebenzisa:

const int pin = 2;

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600); //iniciar puerto serie  pin

Mode(pin, OUTPUT); //definir pin como salida

}

void loop(){

digitalWrite(pin, HIGH); // poner el Pin en HIGH (activar relé)

delay(60000); // esperar un min  digital

Write(pin, LOW); // poner el Pin en LOW (desactivar relé)

delay(60000); // esperar un min

}

Ngiyethemba lesi sifundo sikusizile futhi uthola qala amaphrojekthi wakho we-high-voltage...


Amazwana ayi-2, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   U-Alfonso Capella kusho

    Ngithole ukuthi ulwazi lutholwe ngokungavamile.
    Uma kungaphezu kokubuza, bengifuna ukubuza umbuzo, ngingaxhuma amadivayisi amaningi we-220V kudluliso olufanayo noma kufanele ngibeke idivayisi ngayinye edlulisweni.
    Ngibonga kakhulu ngakho konke.

    1.    Isaka kusho

      Sawubona,
      Yebo, ungaxhuma amadivayisi amaningi kudluliselwe inqobo nje uma engeqi amandla amakhulu wemodeli yokudlulisela onayo. Isibonelo, ungaxhuma isibani esikhanyayo nefeni ukuze bobabili baxhumane ngazwilinye, njll. Bheka imininingwane yakho.
      Ngikufisela okuhle!