I-Raspberry Pi 3, ibhodi lakamuva le-SBC elivela eRaspberry Pi Foundation, yethulwe ngo-2016. Sekuphele isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka kusukela, okwathi kwabaningi kwavusa intshisekelo ngemodeli entsha yebhodi le-SBC, imodeli evuselela eyamanje. Lokho abaningi abakubize ngeRaspberry Pi 4.
Abasunguli be-Raspberry Pi bebelokhu becacile futhi bengacacile: Ngeke kube khona i-Raspberry Pi 4 okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi asikwazi ukucabanga noma ukufuna izakhi iRaspberry Pi 4 yesikhathi esizayo okufanele ibe nayo noma ukuthi kufanele kubhekelwe inguqulo elandelayo.
Izilinganiso nosayizi
Izilinganiso zaleli bhodi le-SBC zibaluleke kakhulu futhi uma ngibonile ezinyangeni zokugcina ukuthi bakhiphe izinhlobo ezincishisiwe ze-Raspberry Pi, inguqulo ye-4 akufanele ishiye lesi sici. Imodeli I-Raspberry Pi 3 inalezi zinyathelo 85 x 56 x 17 millimeters, izindlela ezamukelekayo kakhulu (futhi njengobufakazi balokhu sinamaphrojekthi amaningi akhona nale ngcwecwe) kepha isengancishiswa ngokuqhubekayo.
Amaphrojekthi afana Okusajingijolo Pi Slim khombisa ukuthi itheku le-ethernet namachweba e-USB "ajiya" ibhodi kakhulu, futhi angasuswa ukuqhubeka nokunciphisa izilinganiso zebhodi. Mhlawumbe i-Raspberry Pi 4 kufanele ilandele lezi zinyathelo futhi susa izinto ezifana ne-ethernet port noma shintsha amachweba e-USB ufake amachweba we-microusb noma we-usb-c. Ukuzama ukuba nezilinganiso zamabhodi eRaspberry Pi Zero neZero W kungaba yinto enhle, okungukuthi, ukufinyelela kuma-65 x 30 mm ngaphandle kokujezisa eminye imisebenzi efana namandla noma ukuxhumana.
I-Chipset
Ukukhuluma ngama-chipsets noma ama-chipset we-Raspberry Pi 4 wesikhathi esizayo kuyethusa kakhulu, kepha singakhuluma ngamandla. I-Raspberry Pi 3 ine-1,2 Ghz Quadcore SoC, i-chip enamandla kepha engasasebenzi uma iqhathaniswa namandla amadivayisi athile eselula. Ngakho-ke, ngicabanga I-Raspberry Pi 4 kufanele okungenani ibe ne-chipset eyodwa enezinhlamvu eziyisishiyagalombili. Futhi ngaphandle kokungabaza, hlukanisa i-GPU ne-CPU ebhodini. Lokhu kuzosho amandla amaningi ebhodini futhi ngokwelula ukukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi efana nokunikeza izithombe noma ukumane unikeze ukulungiswa okungcono ezikrinini.
Le nto ibaluleke kakhulu futhi siyabona futhi ukuthi intekenteke kakhulu. Kungakho ngicabanga ukuthi i-Raspberry Pi Foundation izoshintsha i-chipset ku-Raspberry Pi 4, ngoba ukuhlolwa kuhamba kancane futhi kucishe kuphoqeleke, ngaleyo ndlela kuvunyelwe ukubambezeleka kwenguqulo entsha.
Isitoreji
Izinguqulo zakamuva ze-Raspberry Pi zilusukumele kancane udaba lwesitoreji. Yize isitoreji esikhulu sisaqhubeka ngechweba le-microsd, kuyiqiniso ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe amachweba we-USB njengamayunithi wesitoreji afakiwe. Amabhodi amaningi we-Raspberry Pi anakho kufaka phakathi amamojula wememori ye-eMMC, uhlobo lwememori olushesha futhi olusebenzayo kunama-pendrives. Mhlawumbe, i-Raspberry Pi 4 kufanele ibe nemodyuli yalolu hlobo lapho ingafaka khona isoftware ye-kernel noma ingasetshenziswa njengememori eguqulayo.
Kepha iphuzu elibucayi nelibaluleke kakhulu kulokhu imemori yenqama noma kunalokho kufanele ibe nememori yenqama engakanani. I-Raspberry Pi 3 ine-1 Gb ye-RAM, inani elisheshisa imisebenzi yebhodi le-raspberry kancane. Kepha okuncane kakhulu kungaba ngcono. Ngakho-ke, ngokuzayo I-Raspberry Pi 4, ukuba ne-2 Gb yenqama bekungeke kubaluleke kuphela Esikhundleni salokho, kungenza i-Raspberry Pi isetshenziswe kabanzi, ekugcineni ithathe indawo yekhompyutha yedeskithophu yabasebenzisi abaningi.
Ukuxhumana
Isihloko sezokuxhumana sibaluleke kakhulu kumabhodi afana neRaspberry Pi. Ngesikhathi sezinguqulo zokugcina, le ngqikithi ayikashintshi kakhulu, okusha kakhulu ukufakwa kwemodyuli ye-Wi-Fi ne-bluetooth. I-Raspberry Pi 4 kufanele icabangele okunye ukuxhumana futhi icabange ukuthi ingalukhulisa yini uhlobo lokuxhumana noma cha. Mina ngokwami ngiyakukholwa lokho itheku le-ethernet kufanele lisuswe ebhodini. Leli chweba liwusizo kakhulu kepha futhi lithinta nosayizi webhodi, ukwazi ukushintshwa yimodyuli ye-Wi-Fi, ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe obusabalele emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ama-adaptha asuka kuleli chweba aya echwebeni le-usb, ngakho-ke ukuba netheku le-USB, singaba nembobo ye-ethernet, uma silidinga ngempela leli chweba noma singakwazi ukuthi imodyuli ye-Wifi isebenze.
Imodyuli ye-bluetooth ibe usizo olukhulu kubasebenzisi abaningi, kepha inguqulo 4 yaleli bhodi ingalandisa kahle inani lobuchwepheshe obungenazintambo, kufaka phakathi ubuchwepheshe be-NFC, ubuchwepheshe obuthakazelisa kakhulu kumaphrojekthi we-IoT. Ukuba ne-NFC ngaphakathi kwebhodi le-Raspberry Pi kungathakazelisa ukubhangqa amadivayisi nokwandisa imisebenzi ye-Raspberry Pi, njengokuxhuma nezipikha, i-smartv, njll. Izinto ezingase zixhunywe ku-Raspberry Pi okwamanje I-NFC yenza kube lula ukuxhuma nokulungisa lawa madivayisi.
Isici senkanyezi se-Raspberry Pi besilokhu siyitheku le-GPIO, phakathi kwezinye izinto ngenxa yamakhulu wemisebenzi emisha nokusetshenziswa kwale port okunezela ku-Raspberry Pi. I-Raspberry Pi 4 ingazama le nto futhi nweba ichweba le-GPIO ngezikhonkwane eziningi ngakho-ke ukwazi ukunikeza imisebenzi eminingi, imisebenzi esekelwayo uma i-chipset esetshenzisiwe ibinamandla amakhulu.
Njengoba siphawule ethekwini le-ethernet, amachweba e-USB nawo angashintshwa futhi afakwe amachweba ama-microusb noma ngqo ngamachweba we-USB-C, amachweba anokudluliswa okuphezulu futhi nosayizi omncane kunembobo ye-USB yendabuko. Lolu shintsho aluvumeli kuphela i-Raspberry Pi ukuthi "linciphise phansi" kepha futhi lunikeza amandla amaningi ebhodini, lisekela isivinini sokudlulisa esiphezulu kunetheku lendabuko le-USB.
Amandla
Isici esinamandla yisici lapho kucaca khona ukuthi i-Raspberry Pi kufanele iguqule imodeli yebhodi elandelayo. Izici ezimbili zigqamile kulokhu: inkinobho yamandla nokuphathwa kwamandla evumela ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri noma okokufaka ngamandla amaningi kunechweba le-microusb. Izici ezimbili uRaspberry Pi 4 okufanele abe nazo.
Lokho ukuthi, ukufaka inkinobho yokuvula nokucisha, into abasebenzisi abaningi nabaningi abayifunayo futhi abacele ibhodi labo le-Raspberry Pi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe isixhumi esithile samandla nakho kuzobaluleka ukufaka. Yize ingekho inkinga yokudideka, kuyiqiniso ukuthi itheku le-microusb linikeza amandla amancane futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi asikwazi ukusebenzisa wonke amandla eRaspberry Pi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamandla.
Software
Isoftware yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, mhlawumbe ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ngaphandle kwesoftware akusizi kangako ukuba nemodeli yeRaspberry Pi enamandla kakhulu. Ngenkathi kuliqiniso ukuthi i-Raspberry Pi ayitholakali kusoftware, yebo kufanele ibe nezindawo ezinobungane kubasebenzisi be-novice. Ngakho-ke, mhlawumbe isinyathelo esilandelayo seSisekelo kufanele kube ukufakwa kwabasizi ukusiza ama-newbies ukulungisa izici zebhodi noma ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Ukuba yi-Raspberry Pi 4 ibhodi elifanele labo bobabili abasebenzisi bochwepheshe nabasebenzisi be-novice.
Isiphetho
Sesikhulume kakhulu ngezinto i-Raspberry Pi 4 okufanele ibe nazo kanye namandla nobuthakathaka bebhodi, kepha ngalesi sikhathi ngizonikeza ukumiswa kwami okuhle kwe-Raspberry Pi 4.
Ipuleti elisha kufanele ibe ne-GPU ehlukile, inkinobho yamandla, isuse imbobo ye-ethernet bese ibuyisela amachweba we-usb ngamachweba we-microusb. I-2 Gb yememori yenqama izolunga yize kungenzeka lokhu kungenza imodeli ibize kakhulu futhi kungakhiqiza. Okungenani lokhu kulungiselelwa yilokho engikubheka kubalulekile futhi kubalulekile kunguqulo elandelayo. Nawe Ucabanga ukuthi i-Raspberry Pi 4 kufanele ibe yini?
Kimi kuyisinengiso ukususa i-ethernet ne-usb kusetshenziswa isikhala kuphela njengezaba ... Ukuthi kuphele kakhulu kuyisilima, futhi lokho kuphikisana nalokho okudalelwe kona, intengo nokufinyeleleka.
Akekho noma cishe akekho ofuna ukuthi ibe ncane, kepha wonke umuntu ufuna i-gigabit ukuze i-NAS yabo ibe ngcono, iseva yabo inokwethenjelwa futhi izinze, ngentambo ene-ping ephansi ngokungenamkhawulo ku-wifi engazinzile. Ufuna i-usb 3.0 ukuletha ama-amps amaningi kuzinto ezenzakalelayo
Usb a ukuxhuma cishe yonke into hhayi usuku lonke ngama-otgs
Lokho kusho ukuthi, ngiyajabula ukuthi kukhona okusajingijolo okuncane okusetshenziselwa izinto ezingasho lutho, kepha ungathinti imodeli b, eyi-rounder enhle kakhulu ne-fissile.
Sawubona Jdjd uqinisile ngekhwalithi ye-Ethernet, angikuphikisi lokho, kepha kunamaphrojekthi lapho ufuna ukuthi i-Raspberry Pi ibe ngcono, yingakho impumelelo yePi Zero neModyuli Yekhompyutha. Ngempela, kulokho okushoyo, i-ethernet ingcono futhi i-wifi noma itheku le-USB alithembeki kangako, kepha kunamaphrojekthi amaningi adinga amandla afana ne-Raspberry Pi futhi axhumana kuphela nge-wifi noma nge-bluetooth. Kepha ukuphawula kwakho kuyathandeka ngoba kuvula enye impikiswano. Ingabe kufanele kube khona imodeli encane eduze kwemodeli A no-B +? Ucabangani?
Ukubingelela!
Ngicabanga ukuthi inani le-RAM liyinto ephuthumayo, kakhulu ngosayizi, ikakhulukazi ukufaka ikhompyutha yakho ngebhodi le-raspberry. Ukwenza ngcono i-USB ne-ethernet kungaba iphuzu lesibili, kulandelwe ukuthuthukisa amandla ngazo zombili izinkinobho zokuvula / zokucisha nokukwazi ukuphatha ukunikwa amandla amabhethri
Sawubona Gwallace, ngiyavumelana nawe, kuleli phuzu, inani lememori liyinto ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza noma izinhlelo ezisindayo, njenge-xamp noma i-IDE. Kungamangaza uma i-Raspberry ingakufakanga lokhu enguqulweni elandelayo, awucabangi?
Ukubingelela!
Into ephuthuma kakhulu engiyibonayo yi-RAM, kepha kunento eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu futhi kuyizindleko zebhodi, kufanele kube nokuthuthuka kepha ngaphandle kokukhuphula intengo ukuze kufinyeleleke kubantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngicabanga ukuthi ungangeza okuthile engenakho, njengokufaka okungenani okungu-4 A / D. Akunasidingo sokubangeza kwelinye ibhodi, ngesiguquli se-A / D. Kukhona izinsiza ezingapheli zazo.
bese kuthi uma: Faka i-On / Off engafaki engozini i-RAM noma i-SD.
Ngicabanga ukuthi ku-rpi4 entsha wonke amachweba kufanele abe yi-micro (microusb, microhdmi, microSD, njll ...), asuse i-ethernet, asuse imbobo yehedfoni, ahlukanise i-cpu ne-gpu bese engeza u-2 g wenqama.
Hhayi ukunciphisa ubukhulu bayo, lokho akubalulekile kangako, kepha konke lokhu kuzonciphisa ukushisa futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza ngokuningi. Vele, kungagwemeka ukufaka amachweba we-microusb ayi-6 kulabo abafuna ukufaka i-cable Internet, i-bluetooth. Ngokuqondene ne-gpio, angazi. Kungaba wusizo ukuyihlanganisa njengokujwayelekile nomsindo ovela kukhebula le-microhdmi. Kimi kungaba kuhle.
Kufanele ikhuphule inkumbulo yeRam neProsesa.
Ngicabanga ukuthi uma kunesidingo, kungahle kube nemodeli enoRam omningi futhi intengo ingaphezulu, abaningi bethu bangakukhokhela lokho.