Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizohlola i-pinout, umsebenzi, kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhuma ze- I-ULN2003, kanye nesibonelo sohlelo lokusebenza, ngaphezu komsebenzi wayo njengesilawuli esidluliswayo. Ngale ndlela sengeza futhi enye ingxenye entsha ohlwini lwethu olude yamadivayisi ethulwa.
Yini oyidingayo i-ULN2003?
Iyunithi yokulawula eyodwa inesethi ye lawula imisebenzi ezilawula amazinga kagesi kokokufaka nokuphumayo, kanye nezibali sikhathi, I-PWM, ukuphazamisa, nezindlela zokushintsha. Le misebenzi yokulawula isivumela ukuthi sikhiqize imisebenzi eminingi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa yonke isifunda sesilawuli. Ukuze kukhiqizwe imisebenzi eminingi, kwasetshenziswa isilawuli esilula neprosesa. Inkinga bekuwukunciphisa ukujikeleza kwemishini yamanje eqondile yamandla kagesi aphezulu.
I-Los dc motors I-voltage ephezulu yayisetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwayo kwamandla. Inkinga bekuwukulawula nokunciphisa ukujikeleza kwemishini yamandla kagesi aphezulu e-DC. Ukulawula imithwalo yamandla kagesi aphezulu e-DC efika ku-50 V kanye no-500 mA, isifunda esinengqondo esine-Darlington transistor (NPN) sisetshenzisiwe. Lo mjikelezo wawukwazi ukulawula umthwalo owodwa kuphela. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kwethulwa ama-ULN2003 ICs.
Yini i-ULN2003?
Le IC inokukhethwa okubanzi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ingakwazi ukulawula imithwalo efika eyisikhombisa ngesikhathi esisodwa usebenzisa ama-transistors ayisikhombisa aseDarlington. I-ULN2003 itholakala ngezinhlobo zamaphakheji ahlukahlukene njenge-SOP, PDIP, TSSOP, kanye ne-SOIC. I-ULN2003 iqukethe amaphinikhodi okukhiphayo ayisikhombisa angasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwamaphinikhodi wokufaka ukudala isekethe ye-transistor. I-IC iyahambisana nanoma iyiphi isekethe ngaphandle kokuthatha isikhala esiningi.
Njengoba i-voltage ephumayo izimele ku-voltage yokufaka, ingasetshenziswa kunoma iyiphi isekethe njenge-microcontroller noma i-microprocessor. Ububanzi be-voltage yemithwalo ngu-50V, kodwa ububanzi bamanje bungu-500mA. Lobu bubanzi bunganwetshwa uma kusetshenziswa amaphinikhodi amaningi okukhiphayo. I-ULN2003 ivikelekile kumafrikhwensi ekhawunta futhi iye uhlelo lokuvikela lwangaphakathi ngokumelene nokuhlehla ukuvikela idivayisi.
Izimpawu ze-ULN2003
Kepha izici ezivelele kakhulu kwe-ULN2003 yilezi:
- Ingakwazi ukuphatha ama-voltages afika ku-50V (kunezinguqulo ezingabekezelela kufika ku-100V).
- Okwamanje okungaphathwa kufika ku-500mA okokufaka ngakunye.
- Kufaka phakathi i-clap diode yangaphakathi ukuvikela idivayisi.
- Iphinde ibe nesivikelo sesistimu ye-flyback yangaphakathi futhi iphinikhodi eyodwa ingasetshenziselwa ukushaja kwe-inductive.
- Ingahlanganiswa ngokuphelele nama-microcontrollers kanye namabhodi ohlobo lwe-Arduino.
- Ihambisana ne-TTL logic kanye ne-5v CMOS.
- I-chip ye-ULN2003 ingafika ngamaphakheji ahlukene njenge-SOP, i-TSSOP, i-PDIP, njll.
- Ngokuvamile, emakethe iza nezinye izinto ezengeziwe ezifakwe kumojula ukuze kube lula ukuxhumana.
Ukuphina
I-DIP chip ye-ULN2003 yenziwe Amaphini we-16. Lolu uchungechunge lwezinto ezifakiwe kanye nemiphumela engichaza ngayo lapha:
- Okokufaka 1: Le phinikhodi isetshenziselwa ukulawula okukhiphayo okuhambisanayo (okukhiphayo 1). Uma iphezulu (5v) khona-ke kuzoba khona okukhiphayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube khona.
- Okokufaka 2: Kuyafana ngenhla, kodwa kuthinta okukhiphayo 2.
- Okokufaka 3: okufanayo, kulokhu okukhiphayo 3.
- Okokufaka 4: okufanayo, kokuphumayo 4.
- Okokufaka 5: kanjalo, kulokhu okukhiphayo 5.
- Okokufaka 6: njengenhla, kodwa okuphumayo 6.
- Okokufaka 8: okufanayo kodwa kusetshenziswe ekuphumeni okungu-7.
- GND: Le phinikhodi 8 isetshenziselwa phansi futhi izoxhunywa kugesi.
- I-COM: Le phinikhodi ingasebenza imisebenzi eminingi. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengephinikhodi yokuhlola ukuze uvule konke okukhiphayo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengomthwalo we-inductive.
- I-Output 7: iwukukhiphayo okulawulwa okokufaka 7 futhi noma yimuphi umthwalo ongu-50V no-500mA ungaxhunywa.
- Okukhiphayo 6: Kuyafana nangenhla, kodwa kuthintwa okokufaka 6.
- Okukhiphayo 5: okufanayo, kodwa okuhambisana nokokufaka 5.
- Okukhiphayo 4: okufanayo nangenhla, kodwa kulawulwa okokufaka 4.
- Okukhiphayo 3: kufana ncamashi, kodwa yiyona ehambisana nokufaka 3.
- Okukhiphayo 2: njengenhla, kodwa kuhambisana nokokufaka 2.
- Okukhiphayo 1: kulawulwa okokufaka 1, kodwa ngezici ezifanayo nezidlule.
Njengoba ubona, okokufaka nokuphumayo kubuyiselwa emuva ngokulandelana, ngakho qaphela lokhu. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, ungalanda imininingwane yedatha umkhiqizi othenge kuye i-chip ye-ULN2003 noma imojuli.
Aplicaciones
Ezinye ze izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivelele kakhulu yale chip ingaba:
- Isilawuli esingafika ku-7 relays noma ama-stepper motors.
- Lawula imithwalo ye-inductive.
- Lawula izibani ze-LED ezilayisha kakhulu.
- Isetshenziswe njengebhafa enengqondo kumasekethe amaningi kagesi wedijithali.
- Etc
Isetshenziswa kanjani i-ULN2003
Ukuthenga kuphi
Uma udinga thenga enye yalezi ULN2003, unezinketho ezimbalwa, noma uyithenge kumojuli noma uthenge i-chip iyodwa. Nabo bayadayisa amakhithi anezinjini nezixhumi ezidingekayo ukuze uqalise. Ukuzikhethela kungokwakho. Kunoma yikuphi, zishibhile impela. Nazi ezinye izincomo:
