ngokuqinisekile uyazi yini umiyane, futhi yingakho uze kulesi sihloko, ngoba udinga ukwazi imininingwane eyengeziwe noma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ingafakwa kanjani ohlelweni lwakho lokusebenza. Uma ungazi ukuthi le phrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile iyini, ngeyani, ingakusiza kanjani ngayo amaphrojekthi akho e-IoT, futhi yini Iphrothokholi ye-MQTT osebenzisa le software.
Yini i-MQTT?
Umiyane kusekelwe Iphrothokholi ye-MQTT, okusho ukuthi Message Queuing Telemetry Transport. Iphrothokholi yenethiwekhi yemiyalezo "elula", okungukuthi, yamanethiwekhi angathembeki kangako noma anezinsiza ezinomkhawulo ngokomkhawulokudonsa. Ngokuvamile ingasetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni komshini nomshini (M2M), noma ekuxhumekeni kwe-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT).
I-MQTT yakhiwe ngabakwa UDkt. Andy Stanford-Clark kanye no-Arlen Nipper ngo-1999. Yaqale yasetshenziselwa i-telemetry yokuqapha idatha embonini kawoyela negesi eyathunyelwa kumaseva akude. Kulawo mapulatifomu, kwakungenakwenzeka ukusungula uxhumano oluzinzile kakhulu noma ukubeka ikhebula elingaguquki, ngakho le nqubo ingakwazi ukuxazulula ukulinganiselwa.
Kamuva, i-MQTT yamiswa futhi yavuleka, ngakho manje isiwumthombo ovulekile olandelwayo ophethwe yi mqtt.org, futhi isibe indinganiso ye-IoT.
I-MQTT isebenzisa i-TCP/IP ukuze isebenze phezu kwayo futhi isebenze, nge-topology efana PUSH/BHALISA. Kulezi zinhlelo umuntu angahlukanisa phakathi:
- Ikhasimende: Lawa amadivayisi axhunyiwe angaxhumani ngokuqondile, kodwa axhumeke nomthengisi. Iklayenti ngalinye kunethiwekhi lingaba umshicileli (othumela idatha, njengenzwa), obhalisile (othola idatha), noma kokubili.
- broker: Kuyiseva amaklayenti axhumana ngayo, idatha yokuxhumana ifika lapho futhi ithunyelwa kwamanye amaklayenti ofuna ukuxhumana nawo. Isibonelo somthengisi kungaba nguMosquitto.
Futhi, iphrothokholi iqhutshwa umcimbi, ngakho-ke akukho ukudluliswa kwedatha ngezikhathi ezithile noma okuqhubekayo. Kuphela uma iklayenti lithumela ulwazi lapho inethiwekhi izoba matasatasa, futhi umdayisi uthumela kuphela ulwazi kubabhalisi lapho idatha entsha ifika. Ngaleyo ndlela ugcina i- ubuncane benani lomkhawulokudonsa osetshenzisiwe.
Uyini Umiyane?
I-Eclipse Mosquito Isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile yamahhala, enelayisensi ngaphansi kwe-EPL/EDL, futhi isebenza njengomthengisi noma umxhumanisi wemilayezo ngephrothokholi ye-MQTT. Le softhiwe ilula kakhulu, ilungele inqwaba yamadivayisi ahlukene, kusukela ku-PC kuya kumapuleti ashumekiwe anamandla aphansi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, Umiyane futhi inikeza a C umtapo wolwazi ukusebenzisa amaklayenti e-MQTT, kanye nokufaka amaklayenti omugqa womyalo odumile womiyane_i-mosquitto_dub. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulula kakhulu, emizuzwini embalwa ungaba nokuhlala kwakho kusebenza, uneseva yokuhlola test.mosquitto.org, ukuhlola amaklayenti ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene (TLS, WebSockets, ...).
Futhi uma unenkinga, u-Mosquitto une- umphakathi kumnandi wentuthuko nozimisele ukukusiza ezinkundleni nakwezinye izindawo.
Imininingwane engaphezulu - Iwebhu Esemthethweni
Ungawufaka kanjani u-Mosquitto ohlelweni lwakho lokusebenza
Ekugcineni, kufanele futhi uchaze ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani landa umiyane bese uwufaka ohlelweni lwakho lokusebenza, ukuze uqale ukuyihlola ngamaphrojekthi akho e-IoT. Futhi ungakwenza ngezindlela eziningi:
- Sebenzisa i- ikhodi yomthombo y uzihlanganisele wena.
- Izingilazi: ungakwazi landa endaweni yokukhipha.
- Windows: landa kusuka kusixhumanisi engishiya kukho kanambambili .exe enguqulweni yamabhithi angama-64 noma angama-32, kuye ngesistimu onayo. Uma isilandiwe, ungayisebenzisa. Uma unezinkinga, ungafunda ifayela le-README-windows.md.
- macOS: Landa kanambambili kusixhumanisi sokulanda, bese usebenzisa umbhalo we-brew.sh ukuze ufake umiyane.
- I-GNU / Linux: Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuyifaka, njenge:
- Ubuntu namanye ama-distros anomyalo we-snap run: faka umiyane
- Debian: I-sudo apt-add-repository ppa:mosquitto-dev/mosquitto-paa & sudo apt-get update & sudo apt-get install mosquitto
- Okuningi: futhi iyatholakala kwamanye ama-distros, kanye ne-Raspberri Pi evela endaweni yokugcina esemthethweni.
- abanye: bona ulwazi olwengeziwe ku le webhu kaMosquitto kanambambili.
Ngemva kwalokhu, uzobe usuvele une-Mosquitto efakwe ohlelweni lwakho lokusebenza futhi izobe isilungile ukusebenzisa noma ukuphatha njengoba udinga, njengokuthi no Celado.