Umthetho ka-Ohm: konke odinga ukukwazi

Umthetho ka-Ohm, isibani esikhanyayo

Uma uqala emhlabeni kagesi nogesi, impela uzwile izikhathi eziyinkulungwane ezidumile Umthetho ka-Ohm. Futhi akuyona into engaphansi, ngoba kungumthetho oyisisekelo kule ndawo. Ayisiyinkimbinkimbi nhlobo, futhi imvamisa ifundwa ekuqaleni ngenxa yokuthi ibaluleke kangakanani, yize kunjalo, kusenabanye abaqalayo abangayazi.

Kulesi umhlahlandlela uzokwenza funda konke okudingayo mayelana nalomthetho ka-Ohm, kusuka kulokho oyikho, kumafomula ahlukene okufanele uwafunde, ukuthi angasetshenziswa kanjani Izicelo ezingokoqobo, njll. Futhi ukwenza izinto zibe lula kakhulu, ngizokwenza ukuqhathanisa okunembile kakhulu phakathi kohlelo lukagesi namanzi noma uhlelo lwe-hydraulic ...

Ukuqhathanisa nesistimu ye-hydraulic

ukuqhathanisa namanzi nogesi

Ngaphambi kokuqala ngithanda ukuthi ube nombono ocacile wokuthi uhlelo lukagesi lusebenza kanjani. Kungabonakala kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kungabonakali kakhulu kunezinye izinhlelo, njenge-hydraulic eyodwa lapho unoketshezi olugeleza kumashubhu ahlukile. Kepha kuthiwani uma wenza a ukuzivocavoca umzimba futhi ucabange ukuthi ama-electron kagesi angamanzi? Mhlawumbe kungakusiza uqonde ngendlela esheshayo futhi eyisisekelo ukuthi izinto zisebenza kanjani ngempela.

Ngalokhu ngizokwenza ukuqhathanisa phakathi uhlelo olulodwa lukagesi nolunye lokubacindezela. Uma uqala ukuyibona ngale ndlela kuzoba enembile kakhulu:

  • Conductor: cabanga ukuthi kuyipayipi lamanzi noma ipayipi.
  • Ukuvikela: Ungacabanga ngento emisa ukuhamba kwamanzi.
  • Ugesi: akuyona into edlula ukugeleza kwama-electron kudlula kumqhubi, ngakho-ke ungakucabanga njengokugeleza kwamanzi kudlula ngepayipi.
  • Voltage: ukuze amandla kagesi agelezele isekethe kudingeka kube nomehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili, kufana nokuthi udinga umehluko ezingeni phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili phakathi kwawo ofuna amanzi ageleze. Okungukuthi, ungacabanga ukuthi i-voltage ingcindezi yamanzi eshubhu.
  • UkuphikiswaNjengoba igama lalo lisikisela, ukumelana nokudlula kukagesi, okungukuthi, okuthile okuphikisana nakho. Cabanga ukuthi ubeka umunwe ekugcineni kwepayipi lokunisela engadini yakho ... lokho kuzokwenza kube nzima ukuthi indiza iphume ikhuphule umfutho wamanzi (voltage).
  • Umfutho: umfutho noma i-current ehamba ngomqhubi kagesi ingafana nenani lamanzi ahamba ngeshubhu. Isibonelo, cabanga ukuthi ishubhu elilodwa lingu-1 ″ (umfutho ophansi) kuthi elinye ithubhu elingu-2 ((umfutho ophakeme) ligcwale lolu ketshezi.

Lokhu futhi kungaholela ekutheni ucabange ukuthi ungaqhathanisa ifayela le- izingxenye zikagesi nge-hydraulics:

  • Iseli, ibhethri, noma ukunikezwa kwamandla: ingafana nomthombo wamanzi.
  • I-Condenser: ingaqondakala njengechibi lamanzi.
  • Transistor, edluliselwe, switch ...- Lawa madivayisi wokulawula angaqondakala njengompompi ongawakhanyisa futhi uwavale.
  • Ukuphikiswa- Kungaba ukumelana obeka lapho ucindezela umunwe wakho ekugcineni kwepayipi lamanzi, ezinye izilawuli / izingadi zemibhobho, njll.

Vele, ungabuye ucabange ngalokho okushiwo kulesi sigaba ukuthola ezinye iziphetho. Isibonelo:

  • Uma ukhulisa isigaba sepayipi (amandla) ukumelana kuzokwehla (bona Umthetho ka-Ohm -> I = V / R).
  • Uma ukhulisa ukumelana kwepayipi (ukumelana), amanzi aphuma nengcindezi ephezulu ngezinga lokugeleza elifanayo (bona Umthetho ka-Ohm -> V = IR).
  • Futhi uma ukhuphula ukugeleza kwamanzi (umfutho) noma ingcindezi (i-voltage) bese ukhomba i-jet ngakuwe, izokwenza umonakalo omkhulu (ukushaqeka kukagesi okuyingozi kakhulu).

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalezi zifaniso uqonde okuthile okungcono ...

Uyini umthetho ka-Ohm?

Amafomula omthetho ka-Ohm

La Umthetho ka-Ohm Ubudlelwano obuyisisekelo phakathi kobukhulu obuyisisekelo obungamandla amakhulu wamanje, ukungezwani noma amandla kagesi, nokumelana. Okuthile okubalulekile ukuqonda imigomo yokusebenza kwamasekethe.

Ibizwa ngegama lomtholi wayo, isazi sefilosofi saseJalimane UGeorge Ohm. Ukwazile ukubona ukuthi ekushiseni okungaguquguquki, amandla kagesi ageleza ukumelana okungaguquki okuqondile alingana ngqo namandla asetshenziswa ngaphesheya kwawo futhi aphikisana ngokulingana nokumelana. Lokho wukuthi, mina = V / R.

Lezo zilinganiso ezintathu ze- ifomula zingaxazululwa ukubala amandla wevolumu ngokuqhathaniswa namanani wamanje nawokumelana, noma futhi nokumelana njengomsebenzi wevolthi enikeziwe neyamanje. Okungukuthi:

  • Mina = V / R
  • V = IR
  • R = V / I

Ukuba yimina umfutho wamanje wesekethe ovezwe ngama-amperes, V i-voltage noma i-voltage evezwe ngama-volts, kanye no-R ukumelana okuvezwe ngama-ohms.

Por ejemploCabanga ukuthi unesibani esidla i-3A futhi esisebenza ku-20v. Ukubala ukumelana ongakusebenzisa:

  • R = V / I
  • R = 20/3
  • R6.6 Ω

Kulula kakhulu, akunjalo?

Izicelo zoMthetho ka-Ohm

I-Las Izicelo zoMthetho ka-Ohm Azinamkhawulo, ziyakwazi ukuzisebenzisa ezinkingeni eziningi zokubala nezokubala ukuthola ezinye zobukhulu obuthathu ezihlobene namasekethe. Noma amasekethe eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwedlulele, angenziwa lula ukuze kusetshenziswe lo mthetho ...

Kufanele wazi ukuthi zikhona izimo ezimbili ezehlukile ngaphakathi koMthetho ka-Ohm lapho ukhuluma ngesekethe, futhi yile:

  • Isifunda esifushane: kulokhu kulapho kuthintwa amathrekhi amabili noma izingxenye zesekethe, njengalapho kunento ethinta ukuxhumana phakathi kwabaqhubi ababili. Lokho kuphumela kumthelela omkhulu lapho okwamanje kulingana namandla kagesi futhi kugcina kushise noma kulimaze izingxenye.
  • Isifunda esivulekile: yilapho ukuphazamiseka kwesekethe, kungaba ngamabomu kusetshenziswa iswishi, noma ngenxa yokuthi omunye umqhubi usikiwe. Kulokhu, uma isifunda besibonwa ngokombono woMthetho ka-Ohm, kungaqinisekiswa ukuthi kukhona ukumelana okungenamkhawulo, ngakho-ke akukwazi ukuqhuba njengamanje. Kulokhu, akulimazi izinto zesekethe, kepha ngeke kusebenze isikhathi sesekethe evulekile.

Potencia

amandla

Yize umthetho oyisisekelo ka-Ohm ungafaki ubukhulu be- amandla kagesi, ingasetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokubala kwayo kumasekethe kagesi. Futhi ukuthi amandla kagesi ancike kumandla namandla (P = I · V), into uMthetho ka-Ohm uqobo ongasiza ekubaleni ...


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.