2N2222 transistor: zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive

El 2N2222 kana PN2222 transistor Icho chimwe cheanonyanya kushandiswa ma transistors pamwe neiyo BC548. Naizvozvo, kana iwe uchida DIY uye iwe uri mugadziri, zvirokwazvo pane imwe nguva iwe wanga uchida chimwe cheizvi zvishandiso. Mune ino kesi, iyo PN2222 isimba rakaderera simba nesilicon transistor uye rakagadzirirwa switching uye linear amplification application.

Icho chikonzero chekuti chiri kudiwa zvakanyanya ndechekuti zvakanaka pakusimudzira magemenzi madiki uye madiki kana epakati ma voltages, mukuwedzera pakukwanisa kushanda nemavhareji epakati epakati. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ine use general uye inozivikanwa nevanhu radio maateurs. Avo variko vachaziva kuti ndeimwe yemashandisirwo anoshandiswa kuvaka BITX transceiver, kana kuti iyo yakabvumira iyo Norcal ham radio kirabhu mu1999 kutanga dambudziko rekuvaka redhiyo transceiver ine chete 22 ma transistor erudzi urwu pasina chero mhando yekuwedzera IC.

Sa BC548, inogadzirwa uchishandisa epitaxy maitiro. Ichowo transistor bipolar uye NPN mhando. Parizvino inowanzo ine akati wandei mapakeji, senge epurasitiki TO-92, iyo inowanzo kuve nzira yakajairika yekuzviratidza uye nevamwe vakaita sa TO-18, SOT-23, SOT-223, nezvimwe.

Chii chaizvo chinonzi transistor?

Kubva redhiyo kana transistor yakatumidzwa zita nekuda kwechinhu ichi chatakataura nezvacho, ndinoda kuita sumo pfupi kwazvo pane chinonzi transistor uye nhoroondo diki. Transistors hapana chimwe kunze kwemidziyo yakafanana neswitch uye nekwanisi yekukudza iyo chiratidzo. Ndokureva kuti, iwo ndiwo anotsiva echinyakare vharuvhu machubhu kana mavharuvhu mavharuvhu izvo zvakapa matambudziko mazhinji.

Mavharuvhu aya aive akafanana nemagirobhu echinyakare, saka aigona kuputika uye aida kuchinjwa kazhinji. Izvo zvaive zvakare zvakakura muhukuru uye zvaisatendera kuumbwa kwemidziyo midiki. Kupisa kwavakagadzira raive rimwe dambudziko futi. Nekusvika kweiyo solid state zvemagetsi, ndiko kuti, ye semiconductors, yakabvumira kugadzirwa kwerudzi urwu rwezvigadzirwa zvakachipa kwazvo, zvidiki uye zvakavimbika.

Zita re transistor rinobva mukubatana kwe chinja uye resistor, ndiko kuti, chinopesana nekuchinjisa muChirungu. Rangarira kuti resistor kupikisa. Uye zvakare, sezvamunoziva, chigadzirwa chakabuda muEurope nemvumo yekutanga yefizikisi Lilienfeld (1925). Yakanga iri kumberi kwenguva yayo, sezvo ivo vasina kuwana chaiko kunyorera kwayo mune iro gumi ramakore kana rinotevera, uye zvakare yaive munda-mhedzisiro transistor, zano repamberi kunyangwe pane bipolar.

Oskar Heil akagadzirawo mudziyo wakadaro kuGerman muna 1934, uye gare gare Robert Pohl naRudolf Hilsch vaizoitawo zviedzo zvine chekuita nerudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa kuyunivhesiti yeGerman. Zvinenge zvakafanana, muUnited States mu AT & T Bell Labs Vakanga vachiedza zvakare kuyedza zvisina kubudirira, kudzamara Hondo Yenyika yechipiri yapera shanduko yavo uye pavakadzoka kubva kuhondo yeEuropean vakawana mhinduro nekuuya nemazano "akavandudzwa".

John Bardeen, Wlater Brattain naWilliam Shockley Vakatora chikwereti nekupa patent yekutanga transistor munhoroondo uye kuhwina Mubayiro weNobel. Muna 1948 vakagadzira iyo yekudyidzana transistor, hombe kwazvo, isina kuchena uye isingashande mudziyo waidhura kugadzira uye dzimwe nguva wakundikana uye waifanira kumiswazve mune dzimwe nguva. Kubva panguva iyoyo ivo vaizo shanduka kuenda kune izvozvi transistors.

Asi kana iwe uchida kuziva kuti inoshanda sei chaizvo mudziyo uyu yakashandura zvemagetsi nenyika yehunyanzvi, Heino iyi GIF ine fananidzo nezve iyo transistor uye hydraulic system, iyo ini yandinofunga iwe yausingawane zvirinani pane uyu muenzaniso kubata pfungwa yekuti mashandiro anoshanda sei:

Izvo zvinogona kuoneka kuti kana pari parizvino rwapihwa kuzasi kweiyo NPN transistor iyo yazvino inopfuura kubva kumuunganidzi kuenda kune emitter. Asi inosimudzira, nekuti kana iwe ukatarisa pamufananidzo, rwizi rwemvura kubva pachigadziko nemuteresi inowedzerwa. Zviri fananidzo yakapusa, kunyangwe muhurongwa hwemagetsi iwe unofanirwa kutsiva mvura nemaerekitironi ...

Kana iwe uchida kuona imwe inovhenekera mufananidzo kubva pakuona kwekushanda kwenzvimbo dze semiconductor, ndiko kuti, vanotakura zvinhu, heino une uyu mumwe mufananidzo:

Mumufananidzo iwe unogona kuona kuti kana isina kunaka voltage ikaiswa kune iyo inoburitsa, inosundira iyo yakaipa yekuchaja vatakuri (maerekitironi) uye pazasi iyo yakanaka yekuchaja vatakuri (maburi) "tora" maerekitironi kuitira kuti vakwanise kusvetukira kumuteresi...

Panyaya ye PNP zvingave zvakafanana, asi chinja polarizations kana nzira dzekubatanidza iyo transistor.

2n2222 Zvimiro:

Iyo 2N2222 kana PN2222 inowanzoitika inogadzirwa naPhilips Semiconductor, kunyangwe isu tichigona zvakare kuwana vamwe vagadziri senge nhoroondo Fairchild Semiconductor, iyo yeGerman Nokia, COMSET Semiconductor, SEMICOA, nezvimwe. Ane musiyano unonzi 2N2222A.

Iyo 2N2222A iri yakavharirwa mune yesimbi mhando TO-18 uye inokodzera kushandiswa muzvishandiso zvemauto (MIL-STD) nekuda kwekusimba kwayo, tembiricha inogamuchirwa, nezvimwe. Kana tikatarisa madhatashiti akapihwa neaya machira, hunhu hwatichawana mune ino transistor ndeiyi:

JZK - Assortment seti ye...

Hapana wongororo

5,99 €

Ona kupiwa Ona maficha

• Muteresi-emitter voltage mukucheka-kure: 50v
• Nguva dzose muteresi wazvino:800mA
• Simba rakadzikira: 500mw
• Kuwana ikozvino:> 100hFE, kazhinji mazana mashanu anosvika.
• Kushanda frequency: 250-300 Mhz, iyo inobvumidza mashandisiro ayo mune yakakwira frequency radio
• Tipo: NPN bipolar
• Yakaputirwa: TO-92 yepurasitiki, TO-18 yesimbi, SOT-23 uye SOT-223, iwo ekupedzisira maviri eSMD mhando.
• Inowirirana (PNP): 2N2907
• Zvakaenzana: unogona kushandisa iyo BC548 iyo yatakaona mune yapfuura posvo, asi rangarira kuishandura iyo 180ver nekukanganisa muteresi uye emitter pini ... Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa iyo 2N3904 ine zvakafanana zvakafanana maitiro, asi inogona chete kutakura chegumi che yazvino inotsigirwa mu2N2222. Kana iyo dunhu iri chete yezviratidzo zvidiki inogona kutsiviwa zvakakwana. Zvakare iyo 2N2219 yakafanana, asi kune rimwe simba. Mune ino kesi, kuve ne TO-39 fomati (inosvika 3w) uye inotsigira inosvika 300 Mhz, inogona kushandiswa mukutepfenyurisa uye zvinowedzera zveHF neVHF uye kunyangwe mamwe mamiriro eUFF ane masimba ekuburitsa e1 kusvika 2 watts.
• SMD yakaenzana: Kumusoro kwepamusoro kune 2n2222 SMD transistor ine SOT-23 package.

Data sheet:

Un dhatasheet igwaro, kazhinji iri PDF, ine zvakadzama hunhu zvemagetsi mudziyo. Izvo zvakagadzirwa neyekuzvishongedza pachayo iine zvakasarudzika zvechigadzirwa chayo, nekudaro, tinogona kuona kuti hapana akafanana ma parameter mune maviri madhatasheet pa2n2222 kubva kune akasiyana vagadziri. Pano unogona kudhawunirodha mamwe acho:

• Pa Semiconductor 2n2222A
• STMicroelectronics 2n2222A
• Farnell Multicomp 2n2222A
• Jameco anotiunzira uyu mumwe kubva mungano Fairchild yeiyo 2n2222 akateedzana

Ndinovimba yakakubatsira iri gwaro pane 2N222 kana PN2222.