Multiplexer: zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive

Un kuwanda idunhu remubatanidzwa rine zvigadzirwa zvinoverengeka uye imwechete data rinobuda. Naizvozvi, zvinokwanisika kusarudza nzira yeimwe chete yemikova yayo kuishandisa kuti ibude. Ndokunge, iwe unogona kusarudza kubva kupi kwekutora kuti utore iyo data kana bit iyo iri pane yekuisa uye wosiyana nezvose zvakasara zvekushandisa. Izvi zvakajairika mune zvemagetsi kana mahukama akati wandei achifanira kugovana tambo imwechete kana bhazi.

Ndokunge, nekudzora iyo multiplexer iwe yaunogona Sarudza iyo yakakodzera yekuisa nguva dzese. Chii chinoita kuti zvikwanisike kuti kunyangwe uine kubatana kumwe chete, unogona kunge uchishanda nemazhinji ekuisa zvishandiso panguva imwe chete vasina kupindirana. Zvakare, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti demultiplexer inowanzo shandiswa pamwe chete neye multiplexer mune akawanda mapurojekiti ...

Chii chinonzi multiplexer?

Aya masevhisi emubatanidzwa anonzi kuwanda hazviwanzo kuomarara. Iwo anoumbwa nematanho mashoma maseru zvinoenderana nenhamba yavo yekuisa data uye kutonga kunogona kuwedzera kuomarara. Vanowanzo sanganisira 2ⁿ zvinowaniswa uye kuburitsa kumwe chete, pamwe nemitsara yekudzora. Uye iwe unogona kushandisa akati wandei akabatana kuti uwedzere iyo nhamba yematikiti aripo.

Inogona kunzwisiswa se munhu anosarudza. Semuenzaniso, chimbofungidzira iwe uine yakapusa imwe ine zvinopinda zviviri, yakapusa iyo inogona kuvakwa. Iyo dunhu ichave iine imwechete yekudzora yekuisa uye kubuda. Kana zvinowaniswa zviri A neB, pamwe neyakaiswa yekudzivirira zvinokwanisika kudzora kana ari A uyo anodarika kukosha kwayo kune zvinobuda S kana kuti B ndiye anozviita. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unongofanirwa kusiyanisa kukosha kwetambo yekudzora C. Semuenzaniso, kana C = 0 ichave iri A uye kana C = 1 ichave B.

Sezvaunonzwisisa, kana paine zvakawanda zvekushandisa, zvimwe zvichazodiwa chengetedza zvigadzirwa yekusarudzwa. Muchokwadi, iyo multiplexer imhando yakasarudzika yedhodhi, ine inogonesa chiratidzo kune yega yega uye gedhi rinosanganisirwa uye OR OR gedhi pakati pekuburitsa neASI magedhi. Nenzira iyoyo inogona kusarudzwa zviri nyore.

Kana zviri zvekushandisa kwayo, unogona kuzvishandisa kune kuwanda kwezvinhu:

• Input sarudza yekugovana bhazi rimwe kana mutsetse kana iwe uine akawanda marongedzo.
• Serializer kuitira kuti itore kukosha kwechimwe nechimwe chezvinhu zvaro kurongeka.
• Zvekuwedzeredza kutapurirana uchishandisa imwecheteyo mitsara yekubatanidza yeakasiyana data kubva kwakasiyana zvishandiso. Semuenzaniso, fungidzira kuti iwe unoda kushandisa imwechete data pini ye microcontroller kubatanidza akati wandei zvigadzirwa, asi izvo zvinongogona chete kutumira ruzivo imwe panguva ...
• Ita zvine musoro mabasa, nezvimwe.

Multiplexer mhando

Zvichienderana nenzira yekuparadzaniswa kwekupararira, kune mhando dzakasiyana kuwanda kana kuwanda.

• Ne frequency frequency
• Nenguva yekuparadzanisa
• Nekodhi kupatsanura
• Kupatsanurwa kwe wavelength

Sezvaunogona kufungidzira, ivo vanodzorwa ne frequency, nenguva neawa, nekodhi bhanari, uye nehurefu hwehurefu. Asi pano ini ndiri kungofarira izvo zvakajairika ...

Pamusoro pemhando, sekune iyo demultiplexer, unogona kuiwana nayo yakawanda kana shoma migero 2, 4, 8, 16, nezvimwe, zvinoenderana nezvamunoda pamabasa ako e DIY.

Misiyano ine demultiplexer

Mune zvemagetsi zvemagetsi pane seiko, dunhu rinobatanidza rinova iro rinopikisana neyakawandisa. Mune ino kesi kunongova neruzivo chete rwekuisa, asi iyo inogona kutapurika kuburikidza nezvayo zvakasiyana kubuda. Mune mamwe mazwi, mune ino kesi, anodzora anonongedzera anozofunga kuti ndezvipi zvinoburitsa dhata yekuisa inoendeswa.

Si iwe unobatanidza demultiplexer kune zvinobuda mu multiplexer, iwe unogona kuve nesisitimu inobatsira kwazvo yekudzidza mashandisiro emidziyo miviri.

Kwokutenga kupi?

Izvi zvishandiso zvinowanzoitwa mu Dip chips yakapusa. Unogona kuvawana mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemhando uye nezvakawanda zvekubuda kana zvinobuda kuitira kuti uve demultiplexer. Uye zvakare, ivo vanowanikwa zviri nyore munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzakasarudzika midhiya kana zvitoro zvepamhepo. Kana iwe uchifarira kutenga imwe nemutengo wakanaka, idzi dzinogona kuve mienzaniso yakanaka yekutanga nemapurojekiti ako:

• Iyo 8-chiteshi multiplexer
• 8-chiteshi multiplexer perel
• Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa.
• CD74HC4067 16-Chiteshi Multiplexer / Demultiplexer

Ndinokukurudzira kuti uverenge iwo madhatabheti kubva kune vagadziri vavo kuti vawane pfungwa yakajeka yavo pin out, sezvo zvingasiyana zvichienderana nemugadziri kana mhando yawatenga.

cd74hc4067

Uye zvakare, sezvauri kuona, kune zvakare akanaka kwazvo ma module anotendera iwe kuve nemidziyo miviri mune imwechete. Ndiyo nyaya ye inozivikanwa CD74HC4067, module diki ine tekinoroji yeTTL iyo inogona kukubatsira iwe kuti ushande nemabhanari ayo gumi nematanhatu nenzira yekudyidzana, nekuve neMUX / DEMUX. Ndokunge, iwe unogona kuishandisa senge rudzi rwe smart switch.

Nekudaro, yako Arduino inogona kuverenga nekunyora kusvika ku1Zvishanu zvishandiso ine pini shanu chete, ina dzadzo dzinoshandiswa kudzora uye imwe yekuwedzera kuunganidza chiratidzo icho chinoitirwa kuverengerwa kana kunyorwa zvinoenderana nekosheni yakasarudzwa.

Chinhu chakanaka nezve chip ichi ndechekuti inoshanda nezvose zviri zviviri zvemadhijitari uye zveanalogog, saka inowirirana nema sensors mazhinji anoshanda pane analog uye mamwe madhijitari machipisi, pamwe nekuwanda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana zvemagetsi. Inopa kuita kwakawanda kukuru. Ndokusaka ivo vachizivikanwawo seI / O vanowedzera kana kuisa uye kuburitsa zvinowedzera ...

Iwe unogona kutomboishandisa iyo kutaurirana kuburikidza neiyo port port, iyo I2C bhazi kana iyo SPI, yatatotaura nezvayo pane dzimwe nhambo.

Ehezve, usati washanda nayo, unofanirwa kuona kuti sangana nematanho nemafungu inobvuma dunhu iri kuti isarikuvadza. Semuenzaniso, mune ino kesi inogona kupa inosvika makumi maviri mA, pamwe nemhepo ine 20 kusvika 2v. Nekudaro, kana iwe uchida kushanda neyakakwira magezi unogona kushandisa relay kana kuburikidza ne transistor.

Kubatanidzwa naArduino

Chimiro che uve nezvimwe zvekushandisa pane yako Arduino bhodhi kana zvimwe zvinobuda, ndeye kushandisa aya akawanda anowedzera uye demultiplexers. Navo unodzivirira kuve nekutenga yakakwira mutengo wemabhodhi ane mapini akawanda, kana kushandisa mamwe manomano kubatanidza zvese zvaunoda.

Semuenzaniso, unogona kushandisa MUX uye DEMUX module kukwanisa kuva nazvo zviviri muchinhu chimwe chete, wozozvibatanidza nenzira yakapfava kuchirongwa chako naArduino. Iine CD74HC4067 unogona kuisanganisa zviri nyore, saka unofanira kutevedzera mitemo iyi:

• Vcc ye MUX / DEMUX chip iwe unofanirwa kuibatanidza kuVcc yeArduino kana 5V.
• GND, pasi, iwe unofanirwa kuibatanidza kune iyo GND yeArduino.
• Pini dzakanyorwa S0, S1, S2, S3 ndidzo dzinodzora chiteshi chinoshanda, ina Arduino digital I / O, senge D8, D9, D10 uye D11.
• Iyo EN iri zvakare kugonesa, kuti ishande seyakawandisa iwe unogona kuisanganisa iyo neGND yeArduino.
• Uye SIG ndiyo chiratidzo chinobuda chinosarudza chiteshi chakasarudzwa. Inogona kuve yakabatana neArduino kana kune chero chishandiso chinoda kuverenga zvakabuda. Mune ino kesi ini ndakabatanidza iyo neA0 kuti ndiwane kukosha kubva kuArduino pachayo.
• Kune rimwe divi rem module iwe unenge uine zvekushandisa mune ino kesi, inova C0-C10 iyo iwe yaunogona kubatanidza kune ako madhivha.

Paunenge wabatana, iyo Arduino kodhi inogona kuve nyore. Iyo Arduino IDE sketch se multiplexer Inogona kuve inotevera (kodhi iyi inongodzima uye pazviteshi zvavo zvichiteerana, asi unogona kuzvishandura kuti uite chirongwa chaunoda):

const int muxSIG = A0;
const int muxS0 = 8;
const int muxS1 = 9;
const int muxS2 = 10;
const int muxS3 = 11;
 
int SetMuxChannel(byte channel)
{
   digitalWrite(muxS0, bitRead(channel, 0));
   digitalWrite(muxS1, bitRead(channel, 1));
   digitalWrite(muxS2, bitRead(channel, 2));
   digitalWrite(muxS3, bitRead(channel, 3));
}
 
void setup()
{
   pinMode(muxSIG, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(muxS0, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(muxS1, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(muxS2, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(muxS3, OUTPUT);
}
 
void loop()
{
   for (byte i = 0; i < 16; i++)
   {
      SetMuxChannel(i);
      digitalWrite(muxSIG, HIGH);
      delay(200);
      digitalWrite(muxSIG, LOW);
      delay(200);
   }
}

Kana iwe uchida kuishandisa seDEMUX, iwe unofanirwa kufunga chete kuti C0-C10 ndiyo ichave inobuda uye SIG ndiyo ichave yekuisa. Kana iwe uchida shandisa icho sedultultlexlex, kodhi yacho yaizochinja seizvi:

onst int muxSIG = A0;
const int muxS0 = 8;
const int muxS1 = 9;
const int muxS2 = 10;
const int muxS3 = 11;
 
int SetMuxChannel(byte channel)
{
   digitalWrite(muxS0, bitRead(channel, 0));
   digitalWrite(muxS1, bitRead(channel, 1));
   digitalWrite(muxS2, bitRead(channel, 2));
   digitalWrite(muxS3, bitRead(channel, 3));
}
 
void setup()
{
   Serial.begin(9600);
   pinMode(muxS0, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(muxS1, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(muxS2, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(muxS3, OUTPUT);
}
 
void loop()
{
   for (byte i = 0; i < 16; i++)
   {
      SetMuxChannel(i);
      byte muxValue = analogRead(muxSIG);
 
      Serial.print(muxValue);
      Serial.print("\t");
   }
   Serial.println();
   delay(1000);
}

Rangarira kuti iwe unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo nerubatsiro rweyedu yemahara Arduino programming kosi.