Un RFID muverengi chinhu chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura zvaungafunga. Chokwadi iwe wakaona vamwe vachishandisa rudzi urwu rwechishandiso kumatagi ekuzivikanwa, kana kuwana data rerumwe rudzi. Zvakanaka, mune ino chinyorwa iwe uchadzidza kuti chii chaizvo chimwe cheava RFID vaverengi, mashandiro ayo, chii chaanogona kushandiswa, mukana weiyo rudzi rwehurongwa, pamwe nezvakanakira uye zvakaipira izvo rudzi urwu rweredhiyo frequency kuzivikanwa. midziyo inogona kuva neruremekedzo kune a mamwe masisitimu.
Chii chinonzi RFID tekinoroji?
La RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Imhando yetekinoroji inokwanisa kuverenga nekunyora data kure, pasina kuonana. Kune izvi, muverengi weRFID / munyori anodiwa, pamwe chete nepakati panoitwa kuverenga kana kuti kunyorwa kunoitwa. Iyi svikiro ndiyo RFID kadhi kana tag seyaunoona pamufananidzo.
Mhando dzeRFID
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kune mhando dzakasiyana dzema frequency kuteerera kune akasiyana chiteshi, uye kuti havasi vese vaverengi veRFID kana ma tag tsigiro. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kufunga nezve kugarisana pakati pezviviri izvi kuitira kuti vakwanise kuimba nekugovana data. Zviripachena, iwo ma frequency ekushanda anogara ari muredhiyo frequency (RF) renji ye electromagnetic wave spectrum. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inowanikwa muma frequency uye wavelengths kubva kuELF (Yakanyanya Kuderera Frequency) uye IR (infrared).
Pane mhando nhatu yema frequency eRFID ayo anoti:
- Low frequency kana LF (125-134KHz)
- High frequency kana HF (13,56MHz)
- ultra high frequency kana UHF (433, 860 uye 960 MHz)
Rangarira iwe uri mafungu eredhiyo havazozvibata zvakafanana kana kuwanda kwakasiyana, saka zvakakosha kusarudza iyo yakakodzera dhizaini yekushanda kune imwe neimwe kesi. Semuyenzaniso, iyo yakakwira frequency, inokurumidza kukurumidza kufambisa data, asi zvakanyanya kutarisisa kunenge kuri kukanganisa kana zvipingamupinyi. Kureva kuti, iyo UHF ndiyo inokurumidza, asi haizove neyakafanana yekuvhara iyo iyo LF inayo.
Chii chinonzi RFID muverengi?
Un RFID muverengi inobvumira nyore uye yakavimbika kuzivikanwa. Rudzi rwekuverenga runogona kubva pamasendimita akati wandei epadyo nemategi, kusvika kumamita akati wandei uchishandisa anoshanda eRFID tag. Rangarira kuti mapassive tag akawedzera compact, ndiye muverengi anopa simba, saka inofanirwa kunge iri padyo.
Kuti uite izvi, une a sensor inokwanisa kubata masaisai eredhiyo kubva kumatagi kana makadhi, uye masaisai aya anozogadziriswa kuti awane imwe mhando yeruzivo kubva kune iyo label. Mukuwedzera, izvi zvose zvinoitwa zvakachengeteka, chaizvoizvo, mamwe masangano emabhangi anoshandisa rudzi urwu rwehurongwa, kunyange zvazvo iine utera hwayo, hongu, sekukopa kwemakadhi aya.
Mhando
Semazuva ose, hapana chete a RFID muverengi mhando, asi inogona kupatsanurwa kuita mapoka mana:
- Yakagadziriswa: ivo vanogadzira masaisai kuburikidza nemaantennas akananga kuma tag, kugamuchira uye decoding ruzivo rwunoburitswa neki. Semuenzaniso, seaya ari pamagonhi ekupinda.
- Inotakurika kana manual: dzinogona kutakurwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe, hadzina kumiswa panzvimbo imwe. Naizvozvo, unogona kushandisa RFID muverengi kuenda uko kadhi riri rekuverenga. Vamwe vevaverengi ava vanoshandisa tekinoroji yeLTE kana yeWiFi kubatanidza, uye kune kunyange Bluetooth yekuibatanidza nenharembozha kuti vawane ruzivo mumaapp.
- Desktop: Aya ndiwo ma peripherals anobatana nePC kuburikidza ne USB port. Kazhinji dzinotengwa uye dziri nyore. Uye kunyanya iwo anoshandiswa kune ipfupi renji (Pedyo-Munda). Semuenzaniso, kuita cheki, nezvimwe.
- RFID mugero: yakagadzirirwa kuverenga mabhokisi ane RFID tag mukati. Semuenzaniso, panogona kunge paine arch umo mabhokisi akaiswa mabhokisi anopfuura. Chinhu chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri kana matura.
Zvakanakira zveRFID masisitimu
ari zvinobatsira yeRFID tekinoroji ndeiyi:
- Kugona kwakanaka kuchengetedza data zvichienzaniswa nemamwe masisitimu.
- Versatility maererano nemhando dzedata dzinogona kuchengetwa (mazuva, mavambo, chitupa, makodhi ekuwana, ...).
- Individual traceability mikana.
- Kunyatsojeka uye kuvimbika mukuverenga.
- Hupenyu hurefu hunobatsira.
- Kuverenga kunomhanyisa kusvika ka25 nguva dzakakwirira kudarika bar code.
- Kuverenga kumadaro akakura kupfuura kodhi yebhawa, kusvika pamamita mashoma.
- Ichashanda pasinei nokuti kadhi racho rine guruva sei, rakasviba, kana kuti risingaoneki.
- Haisi kunyanya kuterera kune kutungamira, saka hazvifanirwe kuitarisa zvakananga.
- Havasi nyore kunyepera.
- Vanogona kusanganiswa zvisina musono nemamwe masystem ekutonga.
RFID Reader Zvikumbiro
Muverengi weRFID uye makadhi eRFID ane nhamba huru yezvikumbiro, kupfuura zvaungafungidzira. Semuyenzaniso:
- Traceability mune chigadzirwa chekupa cheni, kuratidza zuva rekugadzira, kufamba kunoteverwa nekutengesa, ruzivo rwekambani, kupfuura netsika, kambani yekutakura, nezvimwe.
- Maitiro ekuchengetedza, sekutonga kwekuwana nemagetsi ekuvhara, kusaina mumakambani, kunyoreswa kwekupinda uye kubuda, nezvimwe.
- Logistics uye inventory, kuti ukwanise kutarisisa zvigadzirwa zviri mustock, kuona zvakarasika kana zvakabiwa zvigadzirwa, tarisa zvimwe zvinhu mumaketani ekuvharirwa, nezvimwe.
- Kudzora kuchengetedza muzvitoro, sezvakaita muzvitoro zvezvishongo kana masupamaketi, kushandisa ma tag pane zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kuitira kuti kana vasina kubhadharwa vanoonekwa pakubuda. Aya marudzi ematagi, kana atariswa, anozomakwa seakabhadharwa, uye haasisina kuonekwa. Iwe unenge waona kuti masupamaketi mazhinji nezvitoro zvine aya maalarm system.
- Pharmacy, hutano, chikafu, uye cosmetics, kudzora cheni yekuchengetwa uye kugovera, kuchengetedza zvakanyanya kutonga kwemazuva, mabviro uye mamwe maidi ezvigadzirwa izvi zvinonzwisisika. Iwe unogona zvakare kutsvaga uye nekukasira kubvisa mabheti anogona kunge asina kukwana, akasvibiswa, nezvimwe.
- Kudzora zvinhu zvinoraswa, semidziyo inoshandiswa muzvipatara mumakamuri ekuvhiya kuderedza zvikanganiso zvekurapa, dzivisa kukanganwa midziyo mukati memuviri wemurwere panguva yekupindira, nezvimwewo.
- mumaraibhurari Inogonawo kushandiswa pakuverenga, kudzora mabhuku anobuda neanopinda, ruzivo rwemushandisi akakweretwa bhuku, nezvimwe.
- Mafaira uye zvinyorwa, inodzora uye inogara iine magwaro akakosha ari munzvimbo dzinotungamira kana nzvimbo panogona kunge paine zviuru kana mamirioni zvakachengetwa.
- Aviation Baggage Check, kumaka mabhegi evatyairi uye kunyatso tarisa mikwende kuburikidza nendege, panguva yekurodha nekuburitsa, nezvimwe. Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemukwende uye kunatsiridza kubata nenguva.
- nguva yemitambo, uchishandisa mumhanyi, kudzora vamhanyi vari kutora chikamu, nguva dzenhanho, makosi ekumhanya, nezvimwe.
- Animal traceability, iine RFID chip yakabaiwa imbwa, pakati pedzimwe mhuka, kuziva muridzi kudzivirira kusiiwa, mamiriro ehutano hwechipfuyo, ruzivo rwekubata kana yarasikirwa, nezvimwe.
RC522 kana MFRC522 module yeArduino
Ehe, kune maRFID modules ekuverenga ma tag eArduino. Iyo RC522 imwe yacho, ine a MFRC522 yakabatanidzwa yedunhu yakagadzirwa neNXP Semiconductor uye iyo inogona kubatanidzwa nyore nyore neArduino kana neESP8266. Iyi module inowanzo perekedzwa neRFID tag (ine NXP MIFARE tekinoroji) kana kadhi yekuyedza.
Iwo makadhi kazhinji ane ndangariro ye1 - 4Kb, yakakamurwa kuita masekete kana mabhuroko ekuchengetedza data rakasiyana. Mukuwedzera, vanogona kuverengwa kubva anenge 35 cm kure, sezvo vachishandisa a 13,56Mhz HF bhendi. Nekudaro, iyo module yekuverenga inongori nehupamhi hwemasendimita mashanu, nekuti pamusoro payo inogona kusashanda nemazvo.
Kana ari Technical magadzirirwo yeRC522 module ndeiyi:
- ISM bhendi re13.56Mhz (HF).
- SPI/I2C/UART interface.
- 2.5v kusvika 3.3v inoshanda voltage.
- Kunyanya kushanda ikozvino kusimba kwe13-26mA.
- Minimum ikozvino intensity 10µA.
- Logic mazinga 5V uye 3v3.
- 5cm kusvika.
- 8 pini yekubatanidza:
- VCC: pini yesimba pakati pe2.5v uye 3.3v.
- RST: kuvhara (LOW) kana kutangazve (YAKAMU).
- GND: pini yepasi.
- MISO/SCL/TX: katatu basa reSPI interface, kuburitsa kwenhapwa uye kupinza tenzi. Kana I2C ichishanda inoshandiswa sechiratidzo chewachi, uye se serial kubuda kana UART ichishanda.
- MOSI: kupinza kweiyo SPI interface.
- SCK: SPI interface wachi chiratidzo.
- SS/SDA/RX: pini yekuisa chiratidzo cheSPI kana ikagoneswa. Kana ikagoneswa, I2C inoita sekupinza kwayo data uye seyekupinza data yeUART kana ikagoneswa.
Iyi RFID yekuverenga module ine zvakare inonakidza ruzivo, uye ndiyo kanganisa pini, iyo inokuzivisa iwe kana paine iri kuuya RFID kadhi.
Para batanidza RC522 module neArduino, Zvisungo zvinofanirwa kutaridzika seizvi:
- VCC kusvika 3.3V kubva kuArduino
- Exchange KWD to GND of Arduino
- RST kupinza 9 yeArduino (unogona kusarudza imwe)
- IRQ haidiwe, inogara isina Indaneti
- SPI:
- MOSI na11
- MISO pa12
- SCK kusvika ku13
- CS pa10
Kana iwe uchitova neraibhurari yakaiswa pane yako Arduino IDE, unogona kuita zvinotevera:
- Vhura Arduino IDE, uye ita shuwa kuti une bhodhi rakabatana nePC kuburikidza ne USB, uye kuti zvinongedzo kuMFRC522 ndezvechokwadi.
- Archive
- Mienzaniso
- MFRC522
- Mukati umu unowana akati wandei eRFID kodhi yaunogona kushandisa kudzidza, senge:
- DumpInfo: Inoshandiswa kuverenga iyo RFID kadhi uye inoratidza ruzivo kuburikidza ne serial yekutarisa paPC yako skrini.
- rfid_write_personal_data: Unogona kunyora data rako pachako kuRFID kadhi.
Kwaunotenga vaverengi veRFID
Chekupedzisira, kana iwe uri kutsvaga kutenga iyi mhando yezvinhu, isu tinoita mamwe mazano eiyo akanakisa RFID vaverengi, makopi, uye makadhi zvakakodzera:
