El vim text editor ndeyekuziva kwekare kune wese Linux mushandisi. kunyanya avo programmers. Kushandisa kwayo hakusi nyore uye ine curve yekudzidza, asi kana uchinge wagona, ichave shamwari yako yakatendeka paunonyora kodhi. Saka, kana iwe uchida kutanga, tinokupa iwe gwara diki kune iyo huru Vim mirairo yauchazofanira kushandisa mumafaira ako.
Vim ishanduro yakagadziridzwa yeVi editor yakaonekwa panzvimbo ye 80s. Nokudaro, kunyange zvazvo Vim iri shanduro yakagadziridzwa yepakutanga uye inowedzerwa nekuda kwekushanda kwayo kwakasiyana-siyana uye kushandiswa kwakaderera kwezviwanikwa. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kufamba mazviri, kushandiswa kwembeva kunogumira -kwete kutaura zvisina maturo-. Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwekhibhodi kwakakosha mune ino chinyorwa chinyorwa.
Isa Vim pakombuta yako
Chinhu chekutanga chaunofanirwa kuita kuisa iyo ine mukurumbira mupepeti kuti ugone kuishandisa. Chimwe chezvishamiso zvinofadza zveVim ndechekuti iri multiplatform, saka unogona kuishandisa pane ese anoshanda masisitimu. Kunyangwe isu takatokuudza kuti yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa munzvimbo dzeLinux. Kuiswa kwayo paLinux kunotevera:
sudo apt-get install vim
Pane kudaro, kana iwe uchida kuiisa paWindows kana MacOS, pano tinokusiyirai zvinotevera zvinongedzo kune yayo yepamutemo peji, kwaunenge uine ese ari maviri vhezheni neiyo Terminal uye iyo vhezheni ine GUI interface. Iyo inonyanya kukurudzirwa mune ese ari maviri kesi ndeyekuti iwe unoshandisa iyo vhezheni yeTerminal.
Windows vhezheni
MacOS shanduro
Kana iyo text editor yaiswa pakombuta yako, tinoenderera mberi nekutsanangura iyo yakajairika Vim mirairo inozoshanda sehwaro hwekufamba nemafaira akasiyana aunovhura kubva mairi. For vhura faira kuti ugadzirise, iwe uchafanirwa kunyora murairo unotevera:
vim nombre-documento-.txt
Uye nekudzvanya ENTER kiyi, isu tinenge tatove mukati meVim mupepeti negwaro rakavhurika uye rakagadzirira iwe kuti uribate.
Yakakosha Vim inoraira yako foray mune yakakurumbira mavara edhita
Chekutanga chatinoda kukuudza ndechekuti kunyangwe muvhezheni yayo yepakutanga, mazhinji emakiyibhodhi epanguva yacho akange asina makiyi ekutungamira, kutamisa kwacho kwaifanira kuitwa nemamwe makiyi -Iyo inobata nyaya. Uye ivo ndevanotevera:
- Rudyi: l
- Ruboshwe: h
- Pasi: j
- Pamusoro: k
- Enda panotangira gwaro ratakavhura: gg
- Enda panotangira mutsara: ^
- Enda kumagumo emutsara: $
- Enda kumagumo egwaro ratakavhura: G
- Enda kune shanduko yekupedzisira yatakaita: ;
Vim inoraira kugadzirisa zvinyorwa
Kana tangoziva mafambiro atinovhura muVim, ndizvo nguva yekugadzirisa zvinyorwa izvi. Uye isu tinokusiira iwe nemirairo yeVim yauchazoshandisa kazhinji. Vim ine matatu akasiyana modhi: command mode -iyo inovhura neyakagadzika-, isa modhi uye advanced mirairo modhi.
Zvakanaka, kana faira ravhurwa, Vim yakamirira kuti iwe utange kutaipa yekutanga mirairo mishoma. Uye izvi zvii? Tinozvipa kwauri pazasi:
- Pinda kuisa modhi -isa mavara matsva-: i (kubuda iyi modhi unongo dzvanya ESC)
- Pinda isa uye isa chimiro chitsva mushure mekosi: a
- Pinda isa uye nyora kusvika kumagumo emutsara wazvino: A
- Isa mutsara mutsva pazasi pekosi: o
- Isa mutsara mutsva pamusoro pekosi: O
- Tsiva hunhu hwakarurama muzvidzidzo: r (iwe unofanira kukurumidza kudzvanya hunhu hutsva kupinda)
- Dhinda neprinta yawakagadzirisa neiyo default: ane!
Vim inoraira kucheka, kudzima uye kuisa mugwaro rakavhurika nemavara edhita
Isu tinoenderera mberi nekugadzirisa zvinyorwa zvatakavhura neane mukurumbira text editor akaberekwa muna 1991. Uye munyaya iyi tichakusiya rondedzero yeVim mirairo yauchazoda kuti ukwanise kudzima, kucheka, kukopa uye kunama zvinyorwa mukati mefaira.
- Cheka mutsara wazvino iyo cursor iri pa: dd (mutsara mumwechete) kana xd (kana ukashandura 'x' kuita nhamba -3dd, semuenzaniso-, mitsetse yawaratidza kusvika kune chitubu ichatemwa)
- Namira zvinyorwa zvatakakopa kana kucheka panzvimbo yatinodzvanya murairo: p
- Delete character pasi pechituwa: x
- Bvisa izwi rese panowanikwa cursor: akati
- Bvisa izwi rese panowanikwa cursor uye isa modhi yekuisa: cw
- Bvisa kubva kukiresa kusvika kumagumo emutsara uye isa modhi yekuisa: c$
- Kopa mutsara wose: yy
- Kopa kubva kwatine cursor kusvika kumagumo emutsara: y$
- Kopa izwi rakazara apo isu tine chituri: yiw
- Kopa nhamba yemutsara kubva kwatakaisa chituri: 2yy, 3yy, ... (mitsetse miviri kana 2 kubva patine chituri)
Dzorera shanduko dzakaitwa neVim mirairo
Chekupedzisira, mune ino diki Vim yekuraira gwara tinokusiira iwe zvaunofanira kuita kana iwe uchida kugadzirisa shanduko dzakaitwa nemirairo yapfuura zvakaitwa mu text editor.
- Bvisa murairo wekupedzisira wakapinda - :u
- Bvisa mirairo yekupedzisira inoratidza nhamba - :xu (tsiva 'x' nenhamba chaiyo)
- Dzokorora shanduko yekupedzisira yakaitwa - : ita
- Kuitazve shanduko dzese kubva paawa yekupedzisira (kana maawa akati wandei) - :kutanga 1h
- Kuitazve shanduko dzemaminetsi mashoma apfuura - :gare gare 20m (munyaya iyi zvingava kubva pamaminitsi makumi maviri ekupedzisira)
Sezvauri kuona, Vim mirairo yakawanda. Uye isu takangogara muchikamu chidiki kwazvo asi pamwe inogona kukubatsira mukusuma iyi yakakurumbira mavara edhita uye kukwanisa kubata ekutanga mafaera aunovhura kubva mairi. Saizvozvowo, Pane zvakawanda zvinyorwa pa internet nezvazvo. uye iwe unogona kupinda zvakadzika, kana uchida.
Kune rumwe rutivi, Vim ine nharaunda inoshanda iyo iri kuwedzera mabasa uye maitiro matsva ekuona. Uye zvakare, kuita kuti kushandiswa kwayo kuve nyore -kunyanya kune vatsva-, kune dzimwe nzira dzine ushamwari mushandisi interface izvozvo hazvina chokuita nezvose zvatakakutsanangurirai. Kana iwe uchida kuvawana, mimwe mienzaniso ndeiyi inotevera: